Nutcracker Syndrome Diagnosed with 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography

We report a case of nutcracker syndrome diagnosed with 3-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3-D CTA). Nutcracker syndrome had been confirmed by conventional venography until recent years. Nowadays, with the development of imaging techniques, color Doppler sonogram and 3-D CTA are replacing venography for the diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome. The patient, a 20-year-old male, had abrupt gross hematuria and left abdominal pain 6 months previously and intermittent microscopic hematuria thereafter. Including renal biopsy, the results of conventional hematuria study showed no abnormalities. 3-D CTA showed left renal vein compression between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery and collateral veins. The angle and distance between the superior mesenteric artery and aorta at the level of the left renal vein were 35degrees and 3.0 mm, respectively. We diagnosed nutcracker syndrome and later confirmed the diagnosis with venography.

Fit of fixture/abutment/screw interfaces of internal connection implant system / 대한치과보철학회지

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Accurate fit between the implant components is important because the misfit of the implant components results in frequent screw loosening, irreversible screw fracture, plaque accumulation, poor soft tissue reaction, and destruction of osseointegration. PURPOSE: This study is to evaluate the machining accuracy and consistency of the implant fixture/abutment/screw interfaces of the internal connection system by using a Stereoscopic Zoom microscope and FE-SEM(field emission scanning electron microscope) MATERIALS AND METHODS: The implant systems selected in this study were internal connection type implants from AVANA(Osstem(R)), Bioplant(Cowell-Medi(R)), Dio(DIO(R)), Neoplant(Neobiotech (R)), Implantium(Dentium(R))systems. Each group was acquired 2 fixtures at random. Two piece type abutment and one piece type abutment for use with each implant system were acquired. Screw were respectively used to hold a two piece type abutment to a implant fixture. The implant fixtures were perpendiculary mounted in acrylic resin block. Each two piece abutment was secured to the implant fixture by screw and one piece abutment also secured to the implant fixture. Abutment/fixture assembly were mounted in liquid unsaturated polyester. All samples were cross-sectioned with grinder-polisher unit. Finally all specimens were analysed the fit between implant fixture/abutment/screw interfaces Results and CONCLUSIONS: 1. Implant fixture/abutment/screw connection interfaces of internal connection systems made in Korea were in good condition. 2. The results of the above study showed that materials and mechanical properties and quality of milling differed depending on their manufacturing companies.

Histochemical Staining of PetaNADPH Diaphorase in Mongolian Gerbil and CJU/A Mouse Cochleae / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nitric oxide (NO) is an inorganic, gaseous free radical that carries a variety of messages between cells. The histochemical demonstration of neuronal betaNADPH-d is the demonstration of the presence of NOS. The purpose of this study was to identify the existence of NOS and the difference of the expression of betaNADPH-d in mouse and gerbil cochleae. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Each of the eight cochleae of Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) and mice (CJU/A) were fixed by cardiac perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1M phosphate buffer solution. The en-bloc cochleae were incubated after decalcification, and stained with betaNADPH-d and counterstained with acid fuchsin. The relative intensity of staining was decided in the same location of cochlea. RESULTS: Most supporting cells were strongly stained except Claudius cells and Boettcher's cells in gerbil. However, Boettcher's cells were strongly stained in mice. Outer hair cells, inner hair cells, basial membrane and lining cells of spiral limbus were strongly stained. Interdental cells of spiral limbus, inner border cells and intermediate cells of stria vascularis were moderately stained. Tectorial membrane and amorphous layer of basial membrane were not stained. CONCLUSION: Using betaNADPH-d staining, this study documents the presence of nitric oxide synthase in mice and gerbil cochleae and the difference of staining between two species.

Endonasal Endoscopic Reduction of Blowout Fractures of the Medial Orbital Walls / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Until recently, blowout fractures (BOFs) of the medial orbital walls were treated using external approach. With recent advances in endoscopy, many cases of BOFs of the medial orbital walls are now treated endonasaly using an endoscope. This article describes endonasal endoscopic reduction (EER) of BOFs of the medial orbital walls and reports the clinical results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with BOFs of the medial orbital walls underwent EER. Their records were reviewed for surgical indications, operative techniques, operative results, and postoperative complications. RESULTS: Surgical indications were persistent diplopia, limitation of eye movement, and significant enophthalmos. Ten patients showed complete resolution of symptoms after the operation. One patient underwent medial wall reconstruction with transorbital approach after failure of EER, and is now free of symptoms. Another patient with both zygomatic fracture and BOF of the orbital floor remained enophthalmic after EER. There were no other significant complications postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that EER is a safe and effective method of treating BOFs of the medial orbital walls.

Efficacy of Computed Tomography for Diagnosis and Treatment of the Deep Neck Infection / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND: Deep neck infection is an inflammatory disease process within the deep cervical fascia of the head and neck. Although the frequency has declined dramatically with development of antibiotics, the morbidity is still high because the diagnosis is delayed in the course of the disease. OBJECTIVES: To determine the diagnostic value of neck computed tomography (CT) and treatment modality according to the disease severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-three patients with deep neck infection admitted and treated from January 1992 to December 1996 were analysed retrospectively. CT was checked at the initial state and checked again at the seven to ten days later for evaluation of treatment. RESULTS: CT was valuable for early diagnosis when this disease was suspected and follow-up evaluation of treatment results. Hospital days were longer in patients with underlying disease. The size of abscess and the involved regions of cellulitis were used guides for the decision of treatment modality. In cases of cellulitis and small abscess less than 3cm, intravenous antibiotic therapy and CT-guided aspiration was efficient. Combined therapy with intervention and antibiotics was needed in patients with abscesses larger than 3cm and progressive disease. CONCLUSION: CT was an excellent diagnostic method and valuable for the evaluation of treatment. Treatment modality was decided according to the size of abscess and the presence of underlying disease.