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AIM: To investigate the effects of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction(PANDO)on the tear film and ocular surface using LipiView ocular surface interferometer and Keratograph 5M anterior segment analyzer.METHODS: A self-controlled clinical trials. A total of 40 patients diagnosed with unilateral PANDO for at least 6mo who were admitted to our department from September 2021 to March 2022 were enrolled in the study, and the healthy eyes of the patients were assessed as control group. The LipiView ocular surface interferometer and Keratograph 5M anterior segment analyzer were used to measure the changes in related parameters of the tear film and ocular surface in both eyes.RESULTS: The non-invasive tear meniscus height(NITMH), stimulated NITMH, loss rate of upper meibomian gland, nasal and temporal ciliary redness index, temporal conjunctival redness index of the affected eyes were higher than healthy eyes(P<0.05), but there were no statistical differences in the non-invasive break-up time(NIBUT), loss rate of lower meibomian gland, nasal conjunctival redness index, dry eye grading, blink responses, partial blink rate and lipid layer thickness(LLT)between the both eyes(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: PANDO may lead to the aggravation of ocular surface inflammation and the loss of upper meibomian gland, and damage the ocular surface of patients. Attention should be paid to the early treatment of PANDO.
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In 2004, it was the first time that Wollensak and Spoerl had applied physical and chemical cross-linking methods to scleral tissue. They found that the biomechanical strength of cross-linked sclera, induced by riboflavin/ultraviolet A, glyceraldehyde and glutaraldehyde, could be improved and proposed that scleral collagen cross-linking is expected to be a new method for the treatment of pathologic myopia. In recent years, a series of explorations have been made on the effectiveness and adverse reactions of physical and chemical cross-linking in the prevention and treatment of pathologic myopia, including the establishment of various animal models and different myopia modeling methods, the improvement of cross-linking methods, the amelioration of the measurement of biomechanical strength of scleral tissue and the attention of biological parameters such as the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer and the amplitude of electroretinogram in vivo. Genipin-crosslinking of the scleral collagen combined with posterior scleral contraction/reinforcement has been applied to clinical research. This review summarizes physical cross-linking and the genipin-crosslinking of scleral collagen to explore the effectiveness and safety of the methods in the prevention and treatment of the pathologic myopia.
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AIM:A total of 1 084 preschool children in 4 kindergartens in Xining City were surveyed on their visual acuity and refraction status to find out abnormal vision and refraction beyond the normal range. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study. The overall sampling method was used on October 2019, a total of 1 084 preschool children aged 3-6 years were selected from a kindergarten in the east, west, south and north of Xining City. The children were checked for uncorrected distance vision and refractive status was checked by using a refractive screener.RESULTS: The detection rate of abnormal vision in preschool children in Xining City was 12.21%, and the detection rate of abnormal vision increased with the increasing age(χ2lineartrend=94.40, P<0.05), and there were differences among different age groups(χ2=293.55, P<0.05). Refractive abnormalities accounted for 6.09% of the total number of examinations. With the increasing age, the proportion of compound hyperopic astigmatism decreased(χ2lineartrend=1.79, P>0.05).CONCLUSION: The abnormal visual acuity of preschool children in Xining City gradually increases with the increasing age; The refractive state is dominated by astigmatism, among which the proportion of mixed astigmatism and pure myopia astigmatism is the highest, followed by pure hyperopic astigmatism and compound hyperopic astigmatism; With the increase of age, the diopter of compound hyperopic astigmatism gradually decreases, which is in line with the law of children's eye refractive development.
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@#At present, the new coronavirus(COVID-19)epidemic is spreading rapidly in Wuhan city Hubei province of China, and has aroused great attention of the international community. There have been clues that the conjunctiva may be one of the entries for the new coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2). In the absence of clinical evidence on ocular infection with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, understanding the mechanism and cell receptors of coronavirus transmission through ocular surface and the transmission characteristics of homologous coronavirus can provide some suggestions for appropriately ocular protection and identify COVID-19 coexisting with ocular signs for ophthalmologists during this epidemic disease.
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@#AIM: To investigate the effect and binocular alignment of unilateral recession-resection(R-R)procedure in patients with insufficient convergence intermittent exotropia(IXT).<p>METHODS: Totally 45 patients with insufficient convergence IXT were operated with unilateral R-R procedure. Binocular alignment was accessed 1d postoperative and 2wk postoperative. Statistical analysis was performed on squint at different time points.<p>RESULTS: All 45 patients with insufficient convergence IXT were operated with unilateral R-R procedure. On the 1st day after surgery, an overcorrection of 8.27±7.17PD at distance and 2.40±8.86PD at near were seen. On the 2wk after surgery. An under correction of 1.18±6.98PD at distance and 4.36±7.83PD at near were seen. Within 2wk after surgery, the average exo-drift at distance was 9.45±6.40PD, and at near was 6.77±7.92PD. There was statistically significant difference between exo-drift at distance and near, and a positive correlation was discovered. The difference of near-distance squint at postoperative(3.18±5.60PD)was significantly lower than that of preoperative(7.65±6.55PD), and there was a positive correlation between them.<p>CONCLUSION: Unilateral R-R procedure is appropriate for patients with insufficient convergence IXT. An appropriate increase of medial rectus strengthening can reduce postoperative near-distance squint difference and does not change the tension of medial rectus and lateral rectus. There was a synchronized exo-drift both at distance and near. The postoperative exo-drift at distance was 10PD and we believe a 10PD overcorrection shortly after operation may be beneficial to the long-term binocular alignment.
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AIM:To investigate the ocular surface condition among exotropia patients of different age groups by Oculus anterior segment analyzer. METHODS: The ocular surface condition of 66 patients with extropia were examined by Oculus anterior segment analyzer, including tear meniscus height, tear meniscus height after irritation,redness index,non-invasive break-up time(BUT),average BUT. Three groups were divided according to age:2-7 years,8-18 years and 19-46 years. RESULTS: BUT, temporal conjunctival redness index, temporal ciliary redness index,nasal ciliary redness index of 2-7 years group were statistically different to those of 8-18 years group and 19-46 years group. There were no statistically differentiations between redness index at different areas in each group and no statistically differentiations in redness index between dominant eye and nondominant eye(P>0.05). Redness index showed a positive lineal correlation with age. CONCLUSION:Patients are combined with dry eye and unstable tear firm beside strabismus before surgery. Ocular surface assessment should be paid attention to in preschool children in order to prevent complications around operation. Ocular surface data of children with different ages needs to be screened and collected in China.