Single-center experience with vascularized adrenal displacement for the treatment of primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To explore a new treatment of primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) and its efficacy. 【Methods】 Clinical data of 20 PBMAH patients treated in our hospital during Mar.2010 and Apr.2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent laparoscopic subcutaneous displacement of vascularized adrenal. The clinical symptoms, plasma free cortisol, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), and 24 h urinary free cortisol were regularly monitored after surgery. 【Results】 Of all 20 patients, 19 were followed up for 18 to 120 months (median 60 months). Three months after surgery, reexamination showed 1 patient had decreased plasma free cortisol and increased ACTH, but had no symptoms of low corticosteroids. After another 3 months, the plasma free cortisol and ACTH returned to normal. After 4 to 48 months, the parameters recovered in all patients and the clinical symptoms disappeared. 【Conclusion】 Laparoscopic vascularized adrenal displacement is a new and effective method for the treatment of PBMAH. It can alleviate the Cushing syndrome with no obvious adverse reactions.

Alleviation of isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis in mice by autophagy regulated by Astragaloside Ⅳ through activating ROCK/JNK pathway / 药学实践杂志

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of astragaloside Ⅳ(AS-Ⅳ) activating ROCK/JNK to regulate autophagy in improving isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial fibrosis (MF) in mice. Methods The mice were randomly divided into control operation group (Control group), ISO induced myocardial fibrosis group (MF group), AS-Ⅳ treatment group (AS-Ⅳ group) and combination group of astragaloside IV and Y-33075 (ROCK inhibitor) (astragaloside IV+Y-33075 group). After repeated administration for 30 days. The serum levels of LDH, BNP, CTGF in each group were detected. The cardiac function was detected by ultrasound. Myocardial structure and tissue fibrosis degree in each group were detected by Sirius Red and Masson staining. Oxidative stress (ROS) levels in myocardial tissue of each group were detected by DHE staining and the expression of ROCK, JNK, Atg5, Beclin 1, and LC3 Ⅰ/Ⅱ in myocardial tissue were detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with AS-Ⅳ group, the EF value of AS-Ⅳ+Y-33075 group decreased and the degree of myocardial fibrosis increased (P<0.05). The serum level of LDH, BNP, CTGF increased and the level of ROS in myocardial tissue increased while the expression of ROCK, JNK, Atg5, Beclin 1, LC3 Ⅰ/Ⅱ decreased (P<0.05). Y-33075 could block the protective effect of AS-Ⅳ on myocardial injury induced by MF and inhibit the regulation of AS-Ⅳ on ROCK and JNK. Conclusion AS-Ⅳ could attenuate myocardial fibrosis in mice by activating ROCK/JNK signal and promoting autophagy.

Mechanism of Cordyceps in Treating Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Renal Failure with Concept of “Same Treatment for Different Diseases” Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Cordyceps in treating bronchial asthma and chronic renal failure with the concept of "same treatment for different diseases" in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. MethodThe active components and potential targets of Cordyceps were collected from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） and SwissTargetPrediction. The disease targets were obtained from Therapeutic Target Database （TTD）， DrugBank， GeneCards and other databases. The common targets were obtained from the intersection of potential targets and disease targets. The protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed by STRING11.5， and the ''component-target-diseas'' network of Cordyceps was established by Cytoscape 3.9.0. Gene Ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） enrichment analyses were carried out by Metascape， and molecular docking was performed by Autodock 4.2. ResultSixty common targets of disease and drug were screened out. The core targets mainly involved protein kinase B1 （Akt1）， non-receptor tyrosine kinase， sarcoma virus protein （SRC）， TP53， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 （PTGS2）. The potential targets were mainly enriched in the signaling pathways of renin-angiotensin system （RAS）， RAP1， phosphoinositide 3 kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt）， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）， etc. ConclusionThe active components of Cordyceps inhibited inflammatory response and reduced fibrosis and cell apoptosis in a multi-target and multi-pathway manner. The findings of this study preliminarily revealed the potential targets and modern biological mechanism of Cordyceps in treating bronchial asthma and chronic renal failure with the concept of ''same treatment for different diseases''， and provided references for in-depth experimental verification and clinical application.

Research on inheritance of Professor WANG Jie's Experience in Treatment of Frequent Ventricular Premature Complexes Based on Inheritance Support System of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:With the aid of the Inheritance Support System of Traditional Chinese Medicine V2.5 （TCMISS V2.5），to study the experience and prescription rules of professor WANG Jie in the treatment of frequent ventricular premature complexes，and inherit his clinical experience in diagnosis and treatment. Method:Professor WANG Jie's medical records and prescriptions for frequent ventricular premature complexes from 2016 to 2020 were collected and sorted out. Improved mutual information method，association rules，complex system entropy clustering，and unsupervised entropy hierarchical clustering were used to analyze the nature and flavor，channel tropism，concerted application rules，pair and combination of herbs for statistics， association rules analysis and discovery of new prescriptions. Result:A total of 122 prescriptions of professor WANG Jie on the treatment of frequent ventricular premature complexes were collected. 110 herbs，mostly with pungent and sweet flavors，were mainly on spleen channel and also on heart，kidney，liver，lung，and stomach channels. Cinnamomi Ramulus，Paeoniae Alba Radix<italic>，</italic>Os Draconis<italic>，</italic>Ostreae Concha<italic>， </italic>Glycyrrhizae Radix<italic>，</italic>and Jujubae Fructus<italic> </italic>had the highest frequency in use. The high-frequency herbal pair was Cinnamomi Ramulus-Paeoniae Alba Radix（116 times， accounting for 95.08%），the commonly used corner drugs were Cinnamomi Ramulus<italic>-</italic>Os Draconis<italic>-</italic>Ostreae Concha<italic> </italic>（108 times，88.52%），Cinnamomi Ramulus<italic>-</italic>Paeoniae Alba Radix<italic>-</italic>Ostreae Concha （106 times， 86.89%），Cinnamomi Ramulus<italic>-</italic>Paeoniae Alba Radix<italic>-</italic>Os Draconis （106 times，86.89%）. Commonly used herbal pair was<italic> </italic>Aucklandiae Radix-Amomi Villosi Fructus. The core prescription herbs included Cinnamomi Ramulus<italic>-</italic>Paeoniae Alba Radix<italic>-</italic>Os Draconis<italic>-</italic>Ostreae Concha<italic>-</italic>Glycyrrhizae Radix<italic>-</italic>Jujubae Fructus<italic>-</italic>Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma<italic>-</italic>Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix<italic>-</italic>Codonopsis Radix<italic>-</italic>Astragali Seu Hedysari Radix<italic>-</italic>Cistanches Herba-Poria<italic>-</italic>Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. Conclusion:Professor WANG Jie's prescription for the treatment of frequent ventricular premature complexes is Guizhi Jia Longgu Mulitang，and the main herbs are Cinnamomi Ramulus，Paeoniae Alba Radix，Os Draconis，Ostreae Concha，Glycyrrhizae Radix，and Jujubae Fructus. The final prescription could be adjusted according to the diseases and symptoms of patients.

Correlation between 21-gene recurrence score and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with Lumina type breast cancer and its clinical significance / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To analyze the correlation between 21-gene recurrence score (RS) and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with Lumina type breast cancer, and to explore its significance in individualized treatment.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 59 patients with surgical resection and pathological diagnosis of Lumina type breast cancer in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of 21 gene and RS was calculated. According to the 21-gene RS, the patients were divided into low recurrence risk group (RS < 18 points), intermediate recurrence risk group (RS 18-31 points) and high recurrence risk group (RS > 31 points). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were made to evaluate the correlations between different recurrence risk and clinicopathological characteristics of patients and their influence on the choice of adjuvant chemotherapy.Results:Based on the 21-gene RS, 29 patients were in low recurrence risk group, 22 cases were in intermediate recurrence risk group, and 8 cases were in high recurrence risk group. Single-factor analysis showed that age ( P = 0.012), maximum mass diameter ( P = 0.031), histological grade ( P = 0.036), progesterone receptor (PR) level ( P = 0.015), Ki-67 positive index ( P = 0.049) and molecular typing ( P = 0.010) were influencing factors of 21-gene RS recurrence risk. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age and Ki-67 positive index were negatively correlated with 21-gene RS recurrence risk (both P < 0.05). After grouping according to the 21-gene RS, 17 patients in the intermediate recurrence risk group (according to the traditional postoperative recurrence risk grouping method for breast cancer) were classified as low recurrence risk group, and 4 patients in the low recurrence risk group were classified as intermediate recurrence risk group ( χ2 = 4.535, P = 0.033). After grouping based on 21-gene RS, the number of patients who needed chemotherapy in individualized treatment decreased. Of the 17 cases, 11 cases did not undergo postoperative chemotherapy, and the remaining patients received chemotherapy. The postoperative follow-up period was 11-22 months. As of March 2020, there was no recurrence or disease progress. Conclusion:The 21-gene RS can provide objective basis for the individualized precise treatment and prognosis prediction for patients with early-stage Lumina type breast cancer.

Relationship of Peripheral Blood IL-37 Expression with T Lymphocytes Subsets and NK Cells in Patients with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the correlation of IL-37 with T lymphocytes subsets and NK cells in ITP patients, and to explore its possible mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of ITP.@*METHODS@#Forty-five patients with newly diagnosed ITP(newly diagnosed group), 32 patients of complete remission (remission group) and 22 healthy persons(control group) were selected. The serum level of IL-37 in 3 groups was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression of IL-37, IL-17 and IL-18 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells（PBMNC） in 3 groups was measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The number of IL-18RαCD4 T cells and Tim-3NK cells in the peripheral blood in 3 groups was detected by flow cytometry (FCM).@*RESULTS@#The serum level of IL-37 in the peripheral blood of ITP patients in the newly diagnosed group was significantly higher than that in the control group and the remission group(P＜0.01) . The expression level of IL-37 in PBMNC of the ITP patients in newly diagnosed group was higher than that in the control group and the remission group(P＜0. 05). The expression level of IL-17 and IL-18 in PBMNC of the ITP patients in newly diagnosed group was higher than that in the control group and the remission group(P＜0. 01); the expression of IL-18Rα in CD4 T cells in newly diagnosed group was significantly higher than that in both the control and the remission group(P＜0.01).The expression of Tim-3 in NK cells in ITP patients was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 01). In ITP patients, the serum IL-37 level and IL-18RαCD4T cells ratio both negatively correlated with Plt count (r=-0.58, r=-0.48) moreo-ver the serum IL-37 level also negatively correlated with amount of CD4 T cells and NK cells (r=-0.29, r=-0.28), but positively correlated with amount of CD8 T cells (r=0.329).@*CONCLUSION@#The IL-37 and its receptors may play an immunoregulatory role in CD4 T cells and NK cells, the IL-37 may be a therapeutic target for ITP patients.

Effect of Serum Containing Buyang Huanwu Tang on Endothelial-to- mesenchymal Transition of Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the regulatory effect of serum containing Buyang Huanwu Tang on endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EndMT) in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAEC), and make further analysis on its mechanism from the perspective of the signal transduction of Jagged1/Notch1. Method:Rabbit serum containing Buyang Huanwu Tang was prepared by gavage with dosage of 53.36 g·kg-1·d-1, and blank serum was prepared by gavage with same volume of normal saline. The HPAECs cultured in vitro, EndMT model was established by the transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) induced, which were divided into five groups:the control group (10%blank serum), the model group (10%blank serum+TGF-β1), the serum containing high-dose Buyang Huanwu Tang group (10%medicated serum + TGF-β1), the medium-dose group (5%medicated serum + 5%blank serum medicated + TGF-β1) and the low-dose group(2.5%medicated serum+7.5%blank serum+ TGF-β1). Cell proliferation was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method. Cell migration was detected by transwell and scratch assay. The endothelial markers platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31), vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and the mesenchymal markers fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were observed by immunofluorescence assay. The expression levels of Notch1, Jagged1 and CBF1 were detected by Western blot assay. Result:Compared with the control group, the proliferation and migration abilities of the HPAEC cells in model group were enhanced (Pα-SMA were increased. Further study found that the expressions of Notch1, Jagged1 and CBF1 were up-regulated (PPPα-SMA were on the decline. The expressions of Notch1, Jagged1 and CBF1 were also significantly lower than those in model group (PPConclusion:The serum containing Buyang Huanwu Tang can partly inhibit the EndMT in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells, which may be related to the regulation effect of Jagged1/Notch1 signaling.

Number and Function of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Patients with Adult Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSC) and the level of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) in the bone marrow of adult ITP patients, and to explore their possible mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-five patients of newly diagnosed ITP, 25 patients of complete remission group and 15 patients of control group were selected. The number of MDSC in the bone marrow between 3 groups was detect by flow cytometry (FCM). The serum level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in 3 groups was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relative expression of IFN-γ mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells was measured by real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in each groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The number of MDSC in the complete remission group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05); the number of MDSC in the newly diagnosed group was higher than that in the control group; the number of MDSC in the complete remission group was higher than that in the newly diagnosed group. The serum level of PGE2 in bone marrow of ITP patients in the newly diagnosed group was higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）. The serum level of PGE2 in the bone marrow of ITP patients of the complete remission group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05）. The level of PGE2 in bone marrow serum of ITP patients of the newly diagnosed group was lower than that in the complete remission group(P<0.05）. The relative expression level of IFN-gamma in bone marrow mononuclear cells of the ITP patients in newly diagnosed group was higher than that in the control group and the complete remission group（P<0.001）. The relative quantification (RQ) of IFN-γ in bone marrow mononuclear cells was 2.60 between the newly diagnosed group and the complete remission group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>When adult ITP disease is remitted, the number of MDSC rises and correlates with the therapeutic response and PGE2 level in the bone marrow.</p>

Correlation among high sensitivity C reactive protein,inflammatory factor levels and cardiac function in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To explore correlation among high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP),inflammatory factor levels and cardiac function in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).Methods:A total of 102 DCM patients were continu-ously collected in our hospital from Mar 2014 to Mar 2016.According to their hsCRP level at hospitalization,patients were divided into low hsCRP group (n＝51,≤3mg/L) and high hsCRP group (n＝51,＞3mg/L).Levels of hsCRP,brain na-triuretic peptide (BNP),interleukin (IL)-6,IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,left ventricular end-diastolic di-mension (LVEDd) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured and compared between two groups.Corre-lation between inflammatory factors and cardiac function indexes were analyzed.Results:Compared with low hsCRP group [ (2.18 ± 0.12) mg/L],there were significant rise in LVEDd [ (58.47 ± 6.16) mm vs.(66.58 ± 9.45) mm],levels of BNP [(232.04 ± 56.07) pg/ml vs.(466.34 ± 105.12) pg/ml],IL-6 [(6.48 ± 2.48) ng/L vs.(9.38 ± 2.41) ng/L],IL-1 [(63.58 ± 6.58) ng/L vs.(67.84 ± 5.75) ng/L] and TNF-α [(74.58 ± 8.39) ng/L vs.(79.58 ± 10.71) ng/L],and significant reduction in LVEF [ (38.67 ± 6.08)% vs.(33.23 ± 5.15)%] in high hsCRP group [ (3.87 ± 1.53) mg/L],P＜0.05 or ＜0.01.Linear correlation analysis indicated that in high hsCRP patients,hsCRP level was significant positive-ly correlated with levels of IL-6,IL-1 and TNF-α ( r＝0.328～0.341,P＜0.05 all);levels of hsCRP,IL-6,IL-1 and TNF-α were significant positively correlated with BNP level,LVEDd and NYHA class (r＝0.241～0.432,P＜0.05 or ＜0.01),and significant inversely correlated with LVEF (r＝ -0.346～ -0.327,P＜0.05 all).Conclusion:High sensitivity C reactive protein level is significantly correlated with cardiac function in DCM patients.Therefore,it can be used as an important index monitoring cardiac function changes in these patients.

Pregnancy outcomes among women with high and low risk in first and second trimester prenatal screening analysis / 预防医学

Objective To analyze adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with high risk and low risk during prenatal screening. Methods Clinical data of 180006 pregnancies in 5 prenatal screening center in Hangzhou were collected. We compared the adverse pregnancy outcomes of high and low risk pregnancies. Results Among 180006 pregnancies (age<35 years old), there were 10296 high-risk cases and 169710 low-risk cases, with 168654 cases followed. There were 9406 high-risk cases of Down's syndrome (DS) (5.23％), 273 high-risk cases of Edwards' syndrome (ES) (0.15％) and 617 high-risk cases of open neural tube defect (ONTD) (0.34％) . The detection rate of pregnancy outcome of premature birth, spontaneous abortion, termination of pregnancy, stillbirth in the high risk was 5.46％, 0.80％, 1.80％, 0.37％, respectively, and that rate in low risk results was 3.50％, 0.21％, 0.38％, 0.18％, respectively. Adverse pregnancy outcomes in high-risk group were significantly higher than that in low-risk group (all P<0.001) . The actual incidence rate of DS, ES or ONTD in high-risk group (4.56‰, 1.65‰, 0.97‰, respectively) were significantly higher than that in low-risk group (0.12‰, 0.04‰, 0.09‰, respectively, all P<0.001) . The detection rates of prenatal screening were 70.15％, 68.00％ and 38.46％, and false positive rates were 5.23％ , 0.14％ and 0.34％ . Conclusion High risk of serum prenatal screening analysis is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The number of pregnancies experienced invasive prenatal diagnosis can be reduced by routine serum prenatal screening. That is an Effective method to reduce the birth defects.

Research progress of humanized mouse models in immune system / 中国比较医学杂志

Animal model is an animal material with human mimic performance established in biomedical scientific research. It can be used as experimental basis for studies of experimental hypothesis and clinical hypothesis. It can shorten the research time and observe the whole process of disease occurrence, development or prevention and treatment. Human biomedical research is largely limited by the biological complexity. In order to overcome this limitation, based on the immunosuppressive characteristics of a severely immunodeficient ( SCID) or recombinant activated gene ( Ragnul ) in mice, humanized mouse models of human diseases can be established and have been widely used to study the underlying principles of human immunobiology and complex pathological mechanisms of human diseases. This approach has become one of the important ways to promote the development of medical sciences, with practicality and foresight. In this paper, the application and research progress of humanized mouse models are reviewed.

Research progress of humanized mouse models in immune system / 中国比较医学杂志

Animal model is an animal material with human mimic performance established in biomedical scientific research. It can be used as experimental basis for studies of experimental hypothesis and clinical hypothesis. It can shorten the research time and observe the whole process of disease occurrence, development or prevention and treatment. Human biomedical research is largely limited by the biological complexity. In order to overcome this limitation, based on the immunosuppressive characteristics of a severely immunodeficient ( SCID) or recombinant activated gene ( Ragnul ) in mice, humanized mouse models of human diseases can be established and have been widely used to study the underlying principles of human immunobiology and complex pathological mechanisms of human diseases. This approach has become one of the important ways to promote the development of medical sciences, with practicality and foresight. In this paper, the application and research progress of humanized mouse models are reviewed.

Expression and Significance of HOXA9 in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression pattern of HOXA9 in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients and its relation with clinical characteristics and treatment response.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mRNA and protein expression levels of HOXA9 in bone marrow cells from 33 cases of MDS, 12 cases of AML, 20 cases of ITP and 18 normal controls were detected by real-time guautitative PCR(RT-PCR) and flow cytometry, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The percentage of HOXA9(+)/CD34(+) and HOXA9(+)/CD34(+)CD38(-) in MDS patients were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of HOXA9 in MDS patients had a similar trend. The percentages of HOXA9(+)/CD34(+) and HOXA9(+)/CD34(+)CD38(-) before decitabine treatment were (50.64±27.59)% and (55.67±28.57)% respectively, which were both higher than those in control group (P<0.05). After decitabine treatment, expression of HOXA9 significantly decreased (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HOXA9 is overexpressed in MDS patients and associated with several clinical characteristics. The detection of HOXA9 expression may have guide roles for diagnosis and treatment of MDS patients.</p>

Correlation study between lupus nephritis patients of rheumatism syndrome and SLEDAI--a clinical study / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore lupus nephritis (LN) patients' monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and urinary IP-10 (ulP-10) levels, the correlation between each clinical activity index and rheumatism syndrome, thereby proving objective evidence for microscopic typing of rheumatism syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 60 LN patients were assigned to the rheumatism group (31 cases) and the non-rheumatism group (29 cases). Besides, 20 healthy volunteers were recruited as the normal control group. Clinical data and renal pathology were collected, and urinary levels of MCP-1 and IP-10 detected by ELISA. The correlation between rheumatism syndrome and each activity index as well as manifestations of clinical activities was comprehensively analyzed. Results (1) Patients in the rheumatism group were more liable to occur fever, serositis, edema, and hypertension (P<0.05). (2) Compared with the non-rheumatism group, patients in the rheumatism group exhibited much higher levels of 24 h protein quantification and blood urea nitrogen, higher levels of uMCP-1 and ulP-10. Microscopic hematuria, anti-ds-DNA, anti-Sm, the positive rate of AnuA, scores of SLEDAI and BILAG were higher in the rheumatism group than in the non-rheumatism group (P<0.05). Levels of plasma albumin and complement C3 were lower in the rheumatism group than in the non-rheumatism group (P<0.05). (3) The average activity index (AI) of the renal pathology was higher in the rheumatism group than in the non-rheumatism group. The most frequent pathological type of rheumatism group was type IV of LN.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>More severe renal damage and immune abnormality occurred in LN patients of rheumatism syndrome. Rheumatism syndrome is closely correlated to clinical activity indices.</p>

Research progress on mechanisms of modern medicine in cancer metastasis / 中国中药杂志

Cancer metastasis is the most dangerous stage of tumorigenesis and evolution, the primary cause of death in cancer patients. Clinically, more than 60% of cancer patients have found metastasis at the time of examination. Modern medicine has made significant progress on the mechanisms of cancer metastasis in recent years, from the simple "anatomy and machinery" theory forward to the "seed and soil" theory, then to the "microenvironmental" theory and the "cancer stem cell" theory. The emerging "cancer stem cell" theory successfully explains phenomenon such as tumor genetic heterogeneity, anoikis resistance, tumor dormancy, providing more new targets and ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer metastasis.

Abnormal quantity of regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of patients with severe aplastic anemia and its clinical significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the role of regulatory T cells (Treg) in the immune unbalance for patients with acquired severe aplastic anemia (SAA). The flow cytometry was used to detect the quantity of CD4(+) CD25(+) CD127(dim) Tregs, T cell subset (CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio), dendritic cell(DC) subset(mDC/pDC ratio) in 44 SAA patients(25 untreated patients and 19 recovery patients) and 23 normal controls. The correlation between Tregs and T cell subset, DC subset and hemogram were analyzed. The results showed that the percentage of CD4(+) CD25(+) CD127(dim) Tregs in peripheral blood lymphocyte(PBL) of untreated patients was (0.83 ± 0.44) %, which was obviously lower than that in recovery patients (2.91 ± 1.24)% and normal controls (2.18 ± 0.55)% (P < 0.05), but the difference was not statistically significant between latter two groups. The ratio of CD4(+)/CD8(+) was (0.5 ± 0.3) in untreated patients, which was obviously lower than that in recovery patients (1.2 ± 0.4) and normal controls (1.11 ± 0.24) (P < 0.05). The ratio of mDC/pDC was (3.08 ± 0.72) in untreated patients, which was significantly higher than that in recovery patients(1.61 ± 0.49) and normal controls (1.39 ± 0.36) (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD4(+) CD25(+)CD127(dim) Tregs in PBL positively correlated with CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio (r = 0.695, P < 0.01), and that negatively correlated with mDC/pDC ratio (r = -0.796, P < 0.01). There were significant positive correlations between CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(dim) Tregs/PBL and WBC, Ret% (r = 0.761, 0.749 respectively, P < 0.01). It is concluded that the decrease of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(dim) Tregs quantity in SAA may be one of mechanisms underlying bone marrow failure resulting from the deterioration of immune tolerance and hyperfunction of T-cells.

Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of PON2 gene and susceptibility to occupational noise-induced deafness among Chinese Han population exposed to high noise levels / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of paraoxonase-2 (PON2) gene and the susceptibility to occupational noise-induced deafness among Chinese Han population exposed to high noise levels [>85 dB (A)].</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was conducted in Chinese Han population exposed to high noise levels. The subjects were divided into case group (n = 127) and control group (n = 136) according to the Diagnostic criteria of occupational noise-induced deafness (GBZ 49-2007). The case group was composed of 127 workers with a mean binaural high-frequency hearing threshold not less than 40 dB, as measured using an electro-audiometer, while the control group was composed of 136 workers with a mean binaural high-frequency hearing threshold less than 40 dB, as measured using the electro-audiometer, who were on shift in the same position as the cases and matched with them for age, sex, and years of noise exposure. Peripheral venous blood (2 ml) was collected from each subject during physical examination to extract genomic DNA, and genotypes were identified using a TaqMan probe.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PON2 genotypes rs7493 CG+GG, rs7785846 CT+TT, rs12026 CG+GG, and rs7786401 GT+TT were the risk factors for occupational noise-induced deafness, and the adjusted odds ratios (95%confidence intervals) were 5.87 (3.11∼11.07), 5.92 (3.10∼11.32), 5.53 (2.93∼10.45), and 5.93 (3.10∼11.34), respectively. In addition, the higher the noise exposure levels, the higher the risk of developing occupational noise-induced deafness among the individuals carrying mutant genotypes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PON2 genotypes rs7493 CG+GG, rs7785846 CT+TT, rs12026 CG+GG, and rs7786401 GT +TT may be associated with the susceptibility to occupational noise-induced deafness among Chinese Han population exposed to high noise levels, and the effects of mutant genotypes and noise exposure levels may be mutually enhanced.</p>

Use of endoscopic tissue adhesive injection for gastric varices / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of endoscopic tissue adhesive(N-octyl-α-cyanoacrylate) injection for the treatment of gastric varices.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was performed to review the clinical and follow up data of 169 patients with gastric variceal who received tissue adhesive injection at the Fudan University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital between April 2004 and December 2011.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 128 males and 41 females with a mean age of 56.8(37-85) years old. One hundred and thirty-one patients received one injection, 38 received two injections or more with a mean of 1.12 per patient. Volume of injection ranged from 1 to 3 ml(mean, 1.7 ml). Eighty-three patients received adhesive injection alone, 231 received injection combined with ligation, 50 received combined sclerotic agent injection. All the patients had follow up ranging from 1 to 78 months(mean, 3.4 months). The treatment outcome was satisfactory in 130 patients(76.9%), good in 36(21.3%), and ineffective in 3(1.8%). The rate of ectopic embolization was 3.0%, and the rate of early re-bleeding was 1.2%. Postoperatively there were no septic complications or esophageal stricture. There were no deaths within 2 weeks.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Injection of tissue adhesive under endoscopic guidance for treatment of gastric varices is convenient, safe and effective.</p>

Expression of proteasome immunosubunit in labial glands of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of proteasome immunosubunit low molecular weight polypeptide (LMP)2 and LMP7 in labial glands of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome patients, and thus explore their role in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and pathogenesis of primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Labial specimens were collected from 40 patients with pSS, 15 patients with connective tissue diseases other than pSS, and 9 healthy controls. The expressions of LMP2 and LMP7 in labial specimens were determined using immunohistochemical approaches and analyzed using semi-quantitative methods. The positive rate of acinar was calculated. After the square arcsine transformation of data, the differences of the positive rate in acinar between LMP2 and LMP7 were compared among three groups. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used for analyzing the correlation of clinical manifestations with LMP2 and LMP7 expressions.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of LMP2 and LMP7 within the acinar and ductal epithelial cells were confirmed. Although the LMP2 expression in labial specimens was not significantly different among three groups(P=0.369), the expression of LMP7 was significantly higher in pSS patients compared with patients with connective tissue disease and healthy controls (P<0.01). Only in pSS group, LMP7 was found to be with higher positive rate in acinar than LMP2 (P<0.01). No significant correlation was found between LMP2/LMP7 and clinical manifestations (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In patients with pSS, the expression of LMP7 (but not LMP2) is up-regulated in labial gland, indicating these two proteins have different genetic regulation mechanisms.</p>

Adenovirus mediated gene transfer of tyrosinase gene on HepG2 cell by magnetic resonance imaging / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the transfect results of recombinant adenovirus vector carrying tyrosinase gene (Ad-tyr) in vitro by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after the Ad-tyr was transfected into HepG2 cell.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Ad-tyr which carried the full-length cDNA of tyrosinase gene was transfected into HepG2 cell. The transfected cells were scan by MRI sequences of T1 weighted image (T1WI) , T2 weighted image (T2WI) , and short time inversion recovery (STIR) to observe the MRI signals of expressed melanin. Masson-Fontana staining was performed to search for melanin granules in transfected cells. Real-time PCR method was used to search for cDNA of tyrosinase gene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ad-tyr was transfected into HepG2 cells and synthesized a large amount of melanin inside. The synthesized melanin of 1 x 10(6) cells which had been transfected by Ad-tyr with the 50, 150, and 300 multiplicity of infection separately were all sufficient to be detected by MRI and showed high signals in MRI T1WI, T2WI, and STIR sequences. The signal intensities of MRI were positively correlated to the amounts of transfected Ad-tyr. The melanin granules were found in HepG2 cells in Masson-Fontana staining. The cDNA amount of tyrosinase gene in transfected HepG2 cells, which was detected by real-time PCR, was remarkably higher than that in nontransfected cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The synthesized melanin of HepG2 cells, which controlled by expression of exogenous gene, can be detected by MRI, indicating that the adenovirus vector can efficiently carry the tyrosinase gene into HepG2 cells.</p>