ABSTRACT
Since Fujita first described uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UPPP)in 1981,UPPP and its modified procedures have been widely used to treat obstructive sleep apnea and hyponea syndrome(OSAHS).However,despite of its wide application,the success rates was uncertain,ranging from 20% to 80%,with patients of varing Friedman stages.It is well known that the principle of UPPP is to remove the redundant tissue of palate,elongated uvula and hypertrophic tonsils in order to widen the anteroposterior space at the level of palate.But recently,surgeons have found that not only the collapse of soft palate but also the collapse of lateral wall at the palate level can contribute to the obstruction of upper airway at the level of palate.As a result,many surgeries which can widen the lateral velopharyneal space have sprung up in these years.This review focuses on the development of techniques that emphasize the enlargement of lateral velopharyneal space in patients with OSAHS.
Subject(s)
Humans , Larynx , Palate , Palate, Soft , Pharynx , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive , Therapeutics , UvulaABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the role of sperm kinematic parameters in the hyperactivation of Guinea pig spermatozoa, and to confirm the index of their hyperactivated motility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) was used to describe the kinesis parameters of the Guinea pig spermatozoa incubated for 1, 3, 5 and 7 hours.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The curvilinear velocity, average path velocity and amplitude of lateral head displacement were increased with time and reached the peak at 5 hours, while the straight linear velocity, linearity, straightness and beat cross frequency were gradually decreased with time and hit the bottom at 5 hours.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sperm movement pattern changes greatly before hyperactivation during the capacitation of Guinea pig spermatozoa.</p>