Research progress on new dosage forms of progesterone and its preparation methods / 药学学报

Progesterone is currently the first-line drug for the treatment and prevention of threatened abortion and habitual abortion. With the gradual liberalization of China's childbirth policy, the number of elderly parturients has increased significantly. As a result, the market demand for progesterone and the individual requirements have been continuously improved. Clinical studies have found that the indications of progesterone are not limited to gynecological diseases, but can also be used for the treatment of renal colic, traumatic brain injury and other diseases. Existing progesterone preparations include oral capsules, intramuscular injections, vaginal gels, etc., but they can no longer meet the current market situation and the increase of indications. Improving existing preparations, developing new preparations, and opening up new routes of administration have become one of the directions of progesterone drug research. This article will review the research progress of new dosage forms in existing administration, new routes of administration and related preparation methods of progesterone.

Simultaneous determination of pregabalin and preservative parabens in pregabalin oral solution by HPLC / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective: To develop an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of pregabalin, methylparaben and propylparaben in pregabalin oral solution. Methods: The analytical column was the CPACELL PAK C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase A was 25 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution(previously adjusted to pH 6.7 with concentrated ammonia)and the mobile phase B was methanol. Gradient elution was carried out at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm for all analytes. The column temperature was maintained at 30℃, and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results: The linear ranges for pregabalin, methylparaben, propylparaben were 1000.45-4001.78, 65.21-260.84, and 8.17-32.68 μg/ml(all r≥0.9995), respectively. Their average recoveries were 100.17%(RSD=1.06%), 100.30%(RSD=0.56%), and 99.92%(RSD=0.28%)(n=9), respectively. Conclusion: The established HPLC method is simply operable, efficient, accurate and reproducible, which could be used for the quantitative determination of pregabalin and paraben preservatives in pregabalin oral solution.

Experiments that led to the first gene-edited babies: the ethical failings and the urgent need for better governance / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

The rapid developments of science and technology in China over recent decades, particularly in biomedical research, have brought forward serious challenges regarding ethical governance. Recently, Jian-kui HE, a Chinese scientist, claimed to have “created” the first gene-edited babies, designed to be naturally immune to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The news immediately triggered widespread criticism, denouncement, and debate over the scientific and ethical legitimacy of HE’s genetic experiments. China’s guidelines and regulations have banned germline genome editing on human embryos for clinical use because of scientific and ethical concerns, in accordance with the international consensus. HE’s human experimentation has not only violated these Chinese regulations, but also breached other ethical and regulatory norms. These include questionable scientific value, unreasonable risk-benefit ratio, illegitimate ethics review, invalid informed consent, and regulatory misconduct. This series of ethical failings of HE and his team reveal the institutional failure of the current ethics governance system which largely depends on scientist’s self-regulation. The incident highlights the need for urgent improvement of ethics governance at all levels, the enforcement of technical and ethical guidelines, and the establishment of laws relating to such bioethical issues.

Experiments that led to the first gene-edited babies: the ethical failings and the urgent need for better governance / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

The rapid developments of science and technology in China over recent decades, particularly in biomedical research, have brought forward serious challenges regarding ethical governance. Recently, Jian-kui HE, a Chinese scientist, claimed to have "created" the first gene-edited babies, designed to be naturally immune to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The news immediately triggered widespread criticism, denouncement, and debate over the scientific and ethical legitimacy of HE's genetic experiments. China's guidelines and regulations have banned germline genome editing on human embryos for clinical use because of scientific and ethical concerns, in accordance with the international consensus. HE's human experimentation has not only violated these Chinese regulations, but also breached other ethical and regulatory norms. These include questionable scientific value, unreasonable risk-benefit ratio, illegitimate ethics review, invalid informed consent, and regulatory misconduct. This series of ethical failings of HE and his team reveal the institutional failure of the current ethics governance system which largely depends on scientist's self-regulation. The incident highlights the need for urgent improvement of ethics governance at all levels, the enforcement of technical and ethical guidelines, and the establishment of laws relating to such bioethical issues.

Analysis of tongue figure features in 990 cases of sexually transmitted and intravenous drug use spread HIV infected population in Xinjiang / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the tongue manifestation features of sexually transmitted and intravenous drug use spread HIV infected population in Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recruited were 990 HIV infected subjects in Xinjiang from May 2011 to March 2012, who were assigned to the intravenous drug use spread HIV infected (498 cases) and the sexually transmitted (492 cases). By using tongue figure shoot combined with analyses of experts, tongue manifestations were analyzed and compared between the sexually transmitted and the intravenous drug use spread from four aspects, i.e., the tongue color, the tongue shape, the fur color, and the fur property.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the sexually transmitted population, red tongue, fissured tongue, yellow fur, thick fur, eroded fur, deficiency of fur fluid were more often seen, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). Compared with the intravenous drug use spread population, pale tongue, white fur, and thin fur were more often seen, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The tongue manifestations of the intravenous drug use spread HIV population reflected inner exuberance of evil toxin and heat impairing qi and yin. Compared with the intravenous drug use spread population, the attack of HIV infection was more hiding in the sexually transmitted population, with milder internal injury. Their Wei-qi was not damaged and no obvious change occurred in the tongue figure.</p>