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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the antiulcer effects of pomegranate tannins in animal models.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Gastric ulcer models were established by pylorus ligation, intragastric absolute ethanol, and water-immersion stress, respectively. The ulcer index, the contents of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) from gastric mucosa of rats, the gastric juice volume, free acidity, total acidity,total acid output, the pepsin activity, the amount of adherent mucus and free mucus were measured, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Pomegranate tannins (500, 150, 50 mg x kg(-1)) significantly inhibited ulcerative formation induced by both water immersion stress and pylorus ligation, obviously decreased the gastric mucosa damages induced by intragastric absolute ethanol, in dose-dependent manner. Pomegranate tannins significantly inhibited absolute alcohol-induced elevation of MDA as well as decreasing of NO level, and activities of both SOD and GHS-PX from gastric mucosa. Pomegranate tannins significantly increased the secretion of adherent mucus and free mucus, but did not affect elevation of the free acidity, total acidity, and total acid output, gastric juice volume, gastric pepsin activity induced by pylorus ligation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pomegranate tannins play a protective role against gastric ulcer. Its antiulcer effect is related to increasing secretion of adherent mucus and free mucus from the stomach wall, which may inhibit generation of oxygen-derived free radicals, and decrease the consumption of GSH-PX and SOD, and maintain content of NO at normal level.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Rats , Anti-Ulcer Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Disease Models, Animal , Ethanol , Gastric Juice , Nitric Oxide , Plant Extracts , Therapeutic Uses , Lythraceae , Chemistry , Pylorus , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Stomach Ulcer , Drug Therapy , Tannins , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
Objective:To establish a two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresi(s2-DE)technique forplasma/serumproteomics. Methods:Plasmas from 8 healthy volunteers and 10 with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and sera from 8 HCC were collected.After six proteins of the highest abundance in plasma/sera were depleted by the Multiple Affinity Removal System(MARS)Technologies from Agilent,plasma/sera were subjected to 2-DE.After comparing,analyzing and identifying by the software PD Quest(7.4,0),the enzyme-digested products of differential expression proteins were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS.The Peptide mass fingerprinting(PMF) data were obtained and used to identify proteins through NCBInr data bank.Results:In comparison with the healthy volunteers,20 differential proteins were identified in the plasmas of the HCC patients,among which 18 protein expressions were up-regulated and 2 down-regulated.In the sera of the cancer patients,23 differential proteins were identified,among which 17 protein expressions were up-regulated and 6 down-regulated.Tumor necrosis factor-inducible protein TSG-14 and FADD protein were both identified in the plasmas and sera of the cancer patients.Conclusion:The differential proteins,including RING finger protein 34,Wilms’tumor 1-associating protein,CD147 antigen,Tumor necrosis factor-inducible protein TSG-14 from plasmas group and Protein kinase NYD-SP9,Tumor necrosis factor receptor super family member 19 precursor,Histone-binding protein RBBP4,FADD protein,26S protease regulatory subunit p28,CD82 antigen,Autophagy protein 5 from sera group may be used as markers for HCC in blood.
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Objective To investigate tissue distribution of Hylotelephin in Beagle dogs and excretion of Hylotelephin in rats. Methods A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection was developed to study the concentrations of Hylotelephin in biological samples, taking anthracene as an internal standard, Benzoyl chloride as the pre-column derivatization of Hylotelephin and methanol-water as the mobile phase. Results After a single intravenous dose of 10.6 mg/kg Hylotelephin in beagle dogs, parent drug was widely distributed to virtually all tissues in 5 min and the concentration of Hylotelephin in most tissues at 90 min were lower than those at 5 min obviously. Hylotelephin was mainly distributed in kidney, liver and spleen, secondly in heart, lung and intestine. The parent drug concentration in kidney, liver and spleen was similar to that in blood at the same time point. After a single intravenous dose of 36 mg/kg Hylotelephin in rats, the excretion of the parent drug in urine, feces and bile amounted to 88.45%, 0.61% and 1.08% of the dose, respectively. The parent drug excretion amounted to 67% of the dose in 3 h. Conclusion Hylotelephin was distributed and eliminated in Beagle dogs rapidly. It was mostly distributed in kidney, liver, spleen and plasma. The parent drug excretion was 88% via urine.
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Objective To propose a method for the determination of droxidopa concentration in human plasma by HPLC method for the study of the pharmacokinetics of droxidopa.Methods After a single oral dose of 200 mg droxidopa capsule was administered to 12 healthy Chinese male volunteers,we used perchloric acid to precipitate proteinum and then determined the droxidopa concentration in plasma by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters of droxidopa were calculated by 3P87 software.Results The linear range was 0.025-2 ?g/ml.Pharmacokinetic parameters were: T1/2(108.50?30.78)min,AUC(185.74?26.41) ?g?ml-1?min-1,CL(1.08?0.08)ml/min,Tmax(99.90?10.05)min,Cmax(0.74?0.08)?g/ml.At 10 h after administration,droxidopa was eliminated from the blood almost completely.Conclusion The method we proposed is sensitive,reproducible,and easy to operate.Pharmacokinetics of droxidopa in vivo is fitted to two-compartment model.
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OBJECTIVE:To determine the contents of betahistine hydrochloride and the related substances by HPLC.METHODS:The chromatographic separation was performed on Eclipse XDB-C18 column with column temperature at 25 ℃.The mobile phase consisted of water(sodium heptanesulfonate+10 mL triethylamine+810 mL water,with the pH adjusted to 3.0 with phosphoric acid) and methanol(82:18) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL?min-1.The detection wavelength was 261 nm and the sample size was 50 ?L.RESULTS:The linear range of betahistine hydrochloride was 10～80 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 3).The lowest detection limit was 2.84 ?g?mL-1 and the lowest quantitative limit was 3.01 ?g?mL-1.The average recovery was 99.8%(RSD=0.3%).The average content for the related substances in 3 batches of samples was 0.13%.CONCLUSION:The method is simple,rapid,accurate and reliable,and suitable for the quality control of betahistine hydrochloride.
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The linear regression method of multiwavelength data and orthogonal functions spectropho-tomtry have been used for the determination of sulfamethoxazole and triemethoprim in co-trimo-xazole tablets without any preliminary separation.The methods are simple and rapid.Good results have been obtained. The average recovery of sulfamethoxazole was 99.72-100.5%, with coefficient of variation below 0.48%, and the average recovery of triemethoprim was 99.26-99.46%, with coefficient of variation below 0.83%. The accuracy and precision meet the requirements of analysis of the pharmaceutical preparations