ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate college students' awareness of dry eye and the prevalence of symptomatic dry eye disease.Methods:From October 2019 to January 2020, self-designed questionnaires including basic information, daily habits, dry eye cognition, and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scale, were distributed to students at Sichuan University. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed using SPSS 25.0 software.Results:A total of 1 013 valid questionnaires were collected. The awareness rate of dry eye among college students was 54.9% (556/1 013). The average OSDI scale score of college students was 14.02 ± 12.35 points. A total of 501 (49.5%) college students were judged to develop symptomatic dry eye disease by OSDI scale screening, of which 301 (29.7%) college students had mild dry eye disease, 124 (12.2%) college students had moderate dry eye disease and 76 (7.5%) college students had severe dry eye disease. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the number of adverse habits associated with dry eyes ( P = 0.003), sleep quality at night ( P < 0.001), use of over-the-counter eye drops ( P < 0.001), and daily time spent in reading video terminals ( P < 0.001) were the influential factors of symptomatic dry eye disease screened by OSDI. Conclusion:College Students' awareness of dry eye needs to be improved. The prevalence of symptomatic dry eye disease in college students judged by the OSDI scale is high.
ABSTRACT
Retinoblastoma (RB) and choroidal malignant melanoma are the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children and adults, respectively.Due to the advance in the diagnosis and treatment of intraocular tumors, the survival rate and survival time of the patients are significantly improved.The goal of the therapy for the patients of intraocular malignant tumors has gradually changed from simply saving life to trying to preserve eyeball on the basis of saving life.Although there are various treatment options for intraocular malignant tumors, eye salvage is still an great challenge for the patients with refractory tumors.In recent years, vitrectomy has been used again by some doctors to the treatment of refractory RB and choroidal malignant melanoma, which undoubtedly gives the hope of eye salvage to the patients with intraocular malignant tumors.However, this therapy arouse controversy because serious intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred in some patients.Ophthalmologists should select suitable indications for this surgery cautiously, perform the operation carefully, combine other chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and local treatment and close follow-up if necessary.
ABSTRACT
Retinoblastoma (RB) therapy has evolved over decades.In the 1970s, enucleation was important for improving life prognosis.In the 1980s, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) was popular.In the 1990s, systemic intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) was introduced and currently remains prevalent worldwide for intraocular RB control as well as prevention of systemic metastasis.However, RB seeds in vitreous and subretinal space are still the major obstacles for successful treatments.Advanced ophthalmic imaging technology promotes thorough and detailed description and observation of RB seeds.In the 2000s, interests in periocular chemotherapy (POC), intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) and intravitreous chemotherapy (IVitC) have been explored to overcome the low drug concentration around the seeds and to reduce the systemic side effects.This leads us into a new era of target local chemotherapy of RB.How to make the treatment decision based on biological behavior of RB seeds is a major task for us now.