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Objective To discuss the characteristics,growth and development of atlantoaxial pedicle in preschool children,and to provide the basic theoretical basis for the design,production and clinical application of pedicle screw technique in the treatment of atlantoaxial disease in preschool children.Methods Excluded patients with atlantoaxial fractures,deformities,tuberculosis and tumor,the clinical data of 60 children aged from 3 to 6 years old with cervical spondylolisthesis were collected.The original CT images were reconstructed in DICOM format and the subjects were reconstructed with Mimics software.The subjects were grouped by age to measure and analyze the atlantoaxial pedicle correlation.Results The pedicle width(PW),pedicle height(PH) and total length of pedicle bone channel (PL) increased gradually with age.The PW/PH ratio of the vertebrae(C1) is greater than 1.0,and that is, the width of the pedicle of the C1 pedicle is greater than the height.The PW/PH ratio of the vertebral (C2) is less than 1.0,which means the width of the pedicle of the C1 pedicle is less than the height.Conclusion The growth and development of spine in preschool children are fast, and the pedicle of atlantoaxial calculus in different age groups has different developmental characteristics.In this study,the diameter of the pedicle of the atlantoaxial pedicle in the 3 to 6 year old children is increasing with age.The pedicle screw with the smallest diameter of 3.5 mm can be implanted into the atlantoaxial pedicle with feasibility in theory.
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Objective To analyze the imaging manifestations of chondromyxoid fibroma,so as to improve diagnostic accuracy.Methods The X-ray,CT and MRI manifestations of 8 cases with chondromyxoid fibroma confirmed by surgical pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results All of 8 cases were in the long tubular bones.X-ray showed oval,well defined,eccentric,radiolucent lesion with surrounding sclerosis.The thick dense bony or coarse reticular septation were seen in 6 cases.CT scan showed osteolytic,surrounding sclerosis,and 1 case with foci of calcification.MRI images showed a low or medium signal on T1WI,high signal on T2WI,1 case with a equal T1WI and slight high T2WI signal intensity peripheral rim around.Two cases with diffused enhancement on T1WI after intravenous injection of gapentetate acid meglumine injection and a peripheral liner enhancement in 1 case.Conclusion Chondromyxoid fibroma has certain imaging characteristics,but should be combined with X-ray,CT and MRI to differentiate from other bone tumors with similar imaging manifestations.
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Objective To observe the clinical effects of the children with svstemic inflammatorv re- active syndrome(SIRS)receiving micro-dose heparin at early stage of the diseases.Methods The 53 cas- es diagnosed as SIRS were included in the randomized control trial.They were divided into two groups,26 cases in control group and 27 cases in therapeutic group.The children in control group received therapy for their primary diseases and other routine managements for SIRS.The children in therapeutic group received both above therapy and micro-dose heparin(5-10 U/kg,1 fime/6hours)via subcutaneous injection at earlv stages of diseases for 3 days.Results There were improvements in both control and therapeutic group, platelets count increased,C-reactive protein decreased (P＜0.01),there were significant diffemnce in platelets and C-reactive protein between two groups,the time of platelets recovery in therapeutic group [(28±9)h]Was less than that in control group[(55±14)h](P＜0.01).In therapeutic group,the dumtion of SIRS was shortened (P＜0.05),mortality and the incidence of multiple organ dysfunction svndrome (MODS)and disseminated intravascular eoagultion(DIC)were decreased significantly(P＜0.05).Con- clusion Early micro-dose heparin in SIRS can shorten its duration and decrease the mortality and the inci- dence of MODS in the children with SIRS.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of inhalation of budesonide bitween suspension and aerosol in the treatment of infant asthma. Methods 80 patients less than 3 years old were divided in three groups randomly,in group A the patients received budesonide suspension inhalation therapy,in group B the patients received budesonide aeroso inhalation therapy, in group C the patients received route treament. The patients were followed 1,3,6,12 months after teeament,symptom assessment scores, acute episode of asthma and administration of medication were compared beteen two groups. Results Compared with group C, symptom assessment scores became lower (P <0.01 ) ,acute episode of asthma reduced and use of receptor β2 receptor agonist and steroid reduced in group A and B(P<0.01);after 1,3,6 montha, the indicators observed in group A was better than in group B(P< 0.05),but there was no difference between two group after 12 months( P > 0.05). Conclusion Budesonide inhalaton is effec-tire in the treatment of asthma, in patients with infant asthma, budesonide suspension aerosol inhalation should be the first choice of treatment.
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Objective To study the effects of formaldehyde on the level of microelements in mouse liver and blood and explore the microelements as biomarker in injury induced by formaldehyde.Methods The mice were randomly divided into control,low(1/40LD50),moderate(1/20LD50) and high(1/10LD50) dose groups exposed to formaldehyde by inhalation(n=20),two hours per day for three and six weeks,and than the contents of Cu,Fe,Zn and Mn in mouse liver and blood were measured.Results The contents of Fe,Zn and Mn in liver in high dose group three weeks after exposure and the contents of Fe and Zn in liver in high dose group six weeks after exposure were significantly lower than those in control group(P