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Objective:To evaluate the role of G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) in reduction of ketamine-induced long-term cognitive dysfunction by 17β estradiol in neonatal rats.Methods:Thirty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 7 days, weighing 11-18 g, were divided into 5 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), ketamine group (group K), 17β estradiol plus ketamine group (group KE), GPR30 agonist G1 plus ketamine group (group G1K) and GPR30 inhibitor G15 plus 17β estradiol plus ketamine group (group G15EK). Ketamine 75 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in group K. In group EK, 17β estradiol 600 μg/kg was subcutaneously injected, and ketamine 75 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected.In group G1K, G1 200 μg/kg was subcutaneously injected, and ketamine 75 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected.In group G15EK, G15 300 μg/kg and 17β estradiol 600 μg/kg were subcutaneously injected, and ketamine 75 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected.The equal volume of normal saline was intraperitoneally given in group C. The injection was performed every 24 h for 3 consecutive days.All the rats were allowed to grow up till postnatal day 60, and then Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate their spatial learning and memory function.The rats were sacrificed after the end of Morris water maze test, and hippocampi were removed for determination of contents of acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) and acetylcholine (ACh) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly prolonged on the 3-5 training days, the frequency of crossing the platform and percentage of time of staying at the target quadrant were decreased, the content of AChE was increased, and the content of ACh was decreased in group K ( P<0.05). Compared with group K, the escape latency was significantly shortened on the 3-5 training days, the frequency of crossing the platform and percentage of time of staying at the target quadrant were increased, the content of AChE was decreased, and the content of ACh was increased in EK and G1K groups ( P<0.05). Compared with EK and G1K groups, the escape latency was significantly prolonged on the 3-5 training days, the frequency of crossing the platform and percentage of time of staying at the target quadrant were decreased, the content of AChE was increased, and the content of ACh was decreased in group G15EK ( P<0.05). Conclusion:GPR30 is involved in reduction of ketamine-induced long-term cognitive dysfunction by 17β estradiol, which is related to regulating the contents of AChE and ACh in hippocampi of neonatal rats.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and safety of Xingnaojing injection combined with butylphthalide on neuro-logical function,cognitive function,coagulation function and living activity. METHODS:A total of 106 patients with middle cere-bral artery infarction in Wuhan University People's Hospital during Jun. 2014-Dec. 2015 were divided into control group and obser-vation group according to random number table,with 53 cases in each group. Besides routine symptomatic treatment,control group was given Butylphthalide soft capsules 0.2 g,po,tid. Observation group was additionally given Xingnaojing injection 20 mL added into 0.9% Sodium chloride injection 250 mL,ivgtt,qd. Both groups were treated for 14 d. The neurological function score (NI-HSS,NFDS),cognitive function score (MoCA,MMSE),coagulation function indexes (PT,APTT,FIB),BI score were ob-served in 2 groups before and after treatment. The occurrence of secondary remote damage and ADR were recorded. RESULTS:Eight patients withdrew from the study,including 3 patients of control group and 5 of observation group. Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in neurological function scores(NIHSS,NFDS),cognitive function scores(MoCA,MMSE),coag-ulation function indexes or BI scores between 2 groups (P>0.05). After treatment,NIHSS,NFDS scores and FIB of 2 groups were decreased significantly compared to before treatment,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance (P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:For middle cerebral artery infarction,the application of Xingnaojing injection combined with butylphthalide can reduce the risk of remote damage,promote the recovery of neurological function and cognitive func-tion,and improve coagulation function and living activity with good safety.
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Objective To understand the situation of off-label use of sildenafil, so as to provide reference for developing off-label drug use policy. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to collect prescription data of sildenafil in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital in 2015. The off-label drug use situation was analyzed according to drug labels. The situations of drug use in all departments were summarized, and off-label drug use occurrences were analyzed.Results A total of 1044 prescriptions with sildenafil were collected and analyzed to discover the occurrence of off-label use was up to 69. 54%. The top 3 departments of off-label use of sildenafil were assisted reproductive center, heart center and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The top 3 types of off-label use were non-indication(50. 35%), over drug population(31. 76%) and over drug administration(17. 89%). The top 3 diseases for non-indications were infertility, pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease. Conclusion Sildenafil off-label use was common in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital in 2015, especially in assisted reproductive center, heart center, and NICU. The result suggests that more clinical studies about sildenafil on cardiovascular system are expected to provide more evidence for drug use, so as to ensure the safety of drug use in special populations and avoid potential medical risk.
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Objective To establish a simple and practical superparamagnetic immunochromatographic test strip for rapidly monitoring human serum level of CA72-4. Methods Water-soluble carboxylated super-paramagnetic nanoparticles were prepared with a modified one-step hydrothermal synthesis method. Magnetic probe was prepared by immobilizing specific antibody (mAb1) onto the surface of nanoparticles. Following with optimization and assembly of the test strip , we evaluated sensitivity , specificity , stability of this method for serum CA72-4 detection. Results The optimized test strip provided not only the qualitative results, but also the high sensitivity quantitative detection through stable magnetic signal. The detection limit was 0.83 IU/mL. One hundred clinical samples ( 70 positive and 30 negative ) were measured to assess these test strips with high sensitivity (99%) and high specificity (93%). The test strip and magnetic signal possessed high stability. Conclusion A rapid and quantitative detection of CA72-4 by the test strip was accomplished. This method is rapid, sensitive and quantitative, possessing great potential in large sample screening or in-home testing.
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Objective To detect the efficiency and function of NK cell differentiation from human umbilical cord he?matopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vitro. Methods CD34+hematopoietic stem cells were isolated from human umbilical cord blood, and inoculated into SCGM medium containing 20 μg/L FMS like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt-3L), stem cell fac?tor (SCF), interleukin (IL)-7, IL-15 and IL-21. And CD34+HSCs were differentiated into NK cells in directional inducing. The growth state of cells was observed. The expressions of CD56, NKG2D, NKp46, CD3, CD19 and CD34 were detected by flow cytometry in the differentiation of 7, 14, 21 and 28 d. In the differentiation of 21 d and 28 d, the differentiation cells were used as effector cells, and K562 cells as target cells. The ratios of effector cells and target cells were 8∶1, 4∶1, 2∶1 and 1∶1. The killing activity of the differentiated cells was detected by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cell toxicity assay and 7AAD/CFSE labeling method. Results CD34+HSCs derived from human umbilical cord blood can proliferate in vitro under appropriate condition. There were no significant differences in the expression of CD3 and CD19 between different differentia?tion stages (7, 14, 21 and 28 d, P>0.05). The expressions of CD56, NKG2D and NKp46 were significantly different (P<0.05), and the ultimate expression amount was (72.57±1.60)%, (32.83±1.29)%and (29.53±2.40)%. The expression of CD34 decreased gradually, and the lowest was (12.13 ± 2.01)%. The maximum killing activity detected by LDH cell toxicity assay and 7AAD/CFSE labeling method reached(49.91±2.76)%and (40.87±1.12)%.The killing activity of NK cells was decreased in the order of 8∶1, 4∶1, 2∶1 and 1∶1 groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the killing activity between NK cells of 28 d and 21 d. Conclusion Human umbilical cord hematopoietic stem cells can differentiate into NK cells un? der appropriate conditions in vitro, and the NK cells induced from differentiation are with killing activity.
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Objective To study the value and significance of neuromuscular electrical diagnosis instrument to assess peripheral nerve injury. Methods using neuromuscular electrical instrument for determination of 135 cases of peripheral nerve injury, some patients simultaneously electromyography and nerve conduction velocity examination. Results 135 cases of peripheral nerve injury, 22 cases of normal part degeneration in 81 cases, completely denatured 32 cases, the positive rate was 83.70%(P<0.05). Among 30 cases of electromyography and nerve conduction velocity determination, 28 cases results. Conclusion It has a certain value and significance of neuromuscular electrical diagnosis instrument for peripheral nerve injury rehabilitation evaluation.
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Objective To evaluate the quality of life and influencing factors in patients with breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery, so as to provide theoretical support for preoperative health education and postoperative rehabilitative intervention for these patients. Methods 120 breast conserving surgery (BSC) and 140 modified radical mastectomy (MRM) patients were assessed with Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B V4.0) one week after operation. Life quality was evaluated between the two groups, and the influencing factors were also analyzed. Results Postoperative breast cancer patients after breast conserving surgery were with good breast complementary attention, lower emotion state. The other scores of quality of life had no statistical difference. Influencing factors on the quality of life of breast cancer patients were anxiety state, relationship of family members, position of surgery and character type. Conclusions It suggests that nursing specialists should make out corresponding, scientific and reasonable nursing intervention schemes based on the characteristics of different groups of people to ease psychological burden, and elevate the quality of life effectively for postoperative breast conserving surgery patients.
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Objective To explore the related protein which lead to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to find different proteins associated with active RA by comparing the expression levels of proteins in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy individuals to patients with rheumatoid arthritis using a proteomics approach. Methods Samples of peripheral blood were collected from 9 patients diagnosed as active RA and 9 healthy individuals. PBMCs were isolated from blood using lymphoeytes separation medium. The total protein was extracted from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The total protein from either RA patients or normal controls was prepared by means of immobilized pH gradient based on two-dimensional gel eleetrophoresis. After Coomassie brilliant blue G250 staining, gel-image analysis was performed by using PDQuest.The differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALD I-TOF-MS). Then APOA-I was validated by RT-PCR. Results 2-DE patterns of PBMCs from controls and RA patients were presented. The results showed that the average number of protein spots was 556 and 579 respectively, and the corresponding average matching rate was 89.4％ and 88.5％ respectively. Gel-image analysis revealed that there were 23 differential protein spots. Fourteen of total 18 differential protein spots were successfully identified by MALD I-TOF-MS, of which 8 proteins were upregulated such as actin beta, fibrinogen beta chain, ApoA-I ; and 6 proteins such as peroxiredoxin-2, glu-tathione S-transferase omega 1 were down-regulated when compared with controls. The result of ApoA-I by RT-PCR was consistent with the proteomics results. Conclusion Some differentially expressed proteins are observed in the PBMCs of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, which may play a potential role in the pathogenesis of RA.
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In this article, the plasma half life of IL-2 and its bio-distribution were studied using radio-nucleus Technetium-99M labeled IL-2. The results showed the plasma half life of IL-2 was merely 10 minutes mainly due to IL-2 distribute to its target organ such as liver, kidney etc,rather than clear out of the body. Our results indicated that IL-2 is a high organ-specific drug. It's plasma half life is short under high concentration in its target organ. So it might have advantages of high effectiveness and low whole body toxicity in treatment of tumor of liver and kidney.
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OBJECTIVE:To probe into the current situation and developing trend of the marketing of Cefuroxime in China.METHODS:To analyze the production and consumption of Cefuroxime in China.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:We con?sider that the market of Cefuroxime looks to further briskness.However,with more and more manufacturers entering into,the competition is becoming more intensive.
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AIM This study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect against ConcanavalinA (ConA) or BCG+LPS induced liver injury in mice by FTY720 and possible mechanisms. METHODS The serum ALT and its AST level changes were measured in two kinds of immunological liver injury models. The serum IFN ? and IL 4 changes were determined by ELISA and tested the effect of FTY720 on lymphocyte proliferation. RESULTS FTY720 dose dependently reduced serum ALT, AST levels in ConA or BCG+LPS induced liver injury in mice. It was also found that FTY720 decreases serum IFN ? and IL 4 levels during liver injury. The results also proved that FTY720 was able to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation. CONCLUSION Pretreatment with FTY720 could protect the mice from immunological liver injury. The possible mechanisms of its action are related to inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation and cytokines production.