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Objective To explore the gender differences in disgust processing in patients with ob-sessive-compulsive disorder ( OCD). Methods A total of 74 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (39 males and 35 females) and 65 normal healthy controls (35 males and 30 females) were assessed with Padua inventory-Washington State University revision (PI-WSUR),Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) and were tested the lexical decision task,in order to evaluate their OCD symptoms and severity. The results of reaction time,accuracy and rating intensity of core disgust words,moral disgust words and neu-tral words were recorded,and the gender differences in disgust processing in patients with obsessive-compul-sive disorder and normal healthy controls were analyzed. Results The reaction time of core disgust words ((753.6±84.1) vs (711.8±83.8)ms),the reaction time of moral disgust words((813.5±89.0) vs (749.4± 81.4)ms) and neutral words((775.3±91.8) vs (725.9±104.2)ms) showed significant differences between males and females in pateints with OCD,but there were no differences in accuracy and rating intensity(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). In normal healthy controls,there were only differences between males and females in reac-tion time of neutral words,females were also showed shorter reaction time than males (P＜0.01). Pearson cor-relation analysis showed that both male and female patients had a negative correlation between the reaction time of core disgust words and total PI-WSUR scores (P＜0.05). There was a gender difference in the relative variables of PI-WSUR,Y-BOCS and disgust processing in OCD patients. Conclusion There were gender differences in disgust cognitive processing in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder,females with ob-sessive-compulsive disorder have higher core disgust and moral disgust than males. Females with OCD have a special high sense of moral disgust.
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Objective To systematically analyze and assess the overall value of transrectal shear wave elastograpy in diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) using Meta-analysis.Methods Relevant Chinese and foreign papers diagnosing PCa with transrectal shear wave elastograpy published before December 2016 were searched.The references were evaluated and screened according to the criteria of diagnostic research.The selected references were analyzed by Meta-Disc 1.4 and Stata 12.0 statistical software.Results Eight articles were included in the present Meta-analysis.Five of these literatures were about transrectal shear wave elastograpy in diagnosis of PCa,the summarized sensitivity (SEN) and summarized specificity (SPE) in diagnosis of PCa were 0.80 (95％CI [0.75,0.84]) and 0.75 (95％CI [0.71,0.79]),respectively;the positive likelihood ratios (PLR) and negative likelihood ratios (NLR) were 3.60 (95 ％ CI [2.57,5.05]) and 0.17 (95 ％ CI[0.08,0.37]),respectively;the area under SROC curves was 0.895.Five of these literatures were about transrectal shear wave elastograpy supplemental prostatic biopsy in diagnosis of PCa,the summarized SEN and SPE were 0.86 (95％ CI [0.83,0.88]) and 0.84 (95％CI [0.82,0.85]) respectively;the PLR and NLR were 5.81 (95％CI [3.07,10.99]) and 0.14 (95％CI [0.04,0.49]) respectively;the area under SROC curves were 0.924.Conclusion Transrectal shear wave elastograpy has better clinical value in detection of PCa and can be used to supplemental prostatic biopsy.
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Objective To describe the cardiovascular risk profile of inpatients with schizophrenia and estimate the 10-year CVD risk in schizophrenia patients. Methods Four hundred sixty-six randomly selected cases of schizophrenia patients and 507 health controls were included in the study. Body mass index (BMI), Fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG),,total cholesterol (TC), smoking rate (smoking people/total people), Framing-ham Risk Score (FRS), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and age of the vessel (VA). The 10-year cardiovascular risk(FRS) and age of the vessel (VA) were assessed using the Framing-ham Risk Score. Results 10-year CVD risk was significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in control group [(6.71 ±6.95)％ vs. (4.76 ±3.07)％], (P<0.05). Comparing with the control group, smoking prevalence[(41％) vs. (19％)], MS[(25％) vs. (17％)], BMI[(23.67 ±3.61)kg/m2 vs. (21.73±4.11)kg/m2] and VA[(46.7±15.3) vs. (43.7±9.8)] were higher in patients group. SBP[(119.86±14.90)mmHg vs. (128.10±15.41)mmHg] and HDL-C [(1.08±0.27)mmol/L vs. (1.38±0.22)mmol/L] were lower in patients group than in the healthy controls. The FRS score of the patient group was positively correlated with BMI, FBG level and SBP, waist circumference and smoking index (P<0.05) and was negatively correlated with the levels of HDL-C. Multivariate Linear Regression analysis demonstrated that FRS was correlated with FBG (β=0.181,P<0.01)、SBP (β=0.149,P<0.01)、HDL-C (β=-0.107,P<0.01) and smoking index(β=0.554,P<0.01). Conclusion The risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia over the next 10 years is 6.7％, which is significantly higher compared with the control group. Fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, high density lipoprotein, smoking may be associated with 10-year CVD risk of schizophrenia patients.
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Objective This study aims to investigate the moral disgust cognitive processing of patients with obses?sive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its relationship with OCD symptoms. Methods Twenty-eight OCD and 30 healthy controls matched for gender, age and education completed lexical decision task, recording reaction time and accuracy of words and assessing the degree of disgust. Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) and Padua Invento?ry-Washington State University Revision (PI-WUSR) were used to assess the symptoms. Results OCD group showed significantly longer reaction time to core disgust-related words [(762.69 ± 128.25) ms vs. (648.69 ± 162.66) ms] and moral disgust-related words [(798.73 ± 115.26) ms vs. (727.00 ± 106.06) ms] than the healthy controls (P<0.05). OCD group showed significantly higher aversion degree to core disgust-related words [(6.38 ± 1.78) vs. (5.03 ± 1.64)] and moral dis?gust-related words [(7.08 ± 1.23) vs. (5.77 ± 1.44)] than control group (P<0.05). Y-BOCS total score, Y-BOCS obsessive thoughts score, Y-BOCS compulsive behavior score, total score of PI-WUSR, cleaning/pollution force factor score, hurt?ing themselves and others force factor were positively correlated with two types of disgust-related words in patients group (P<0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis between disgust words and Y-BOCS/PI-WUSR scores pointed that only CWCF influenced disgust degree of core disgust-related words (β=0.61, P<0.01) and moral disgust-related words (β=0.54, P<0.01), respectively. Conclusion The core disgust and moral disgust of OCD are stronger compared to controls.
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Objective To investigate the safty and proper concentration of using the sufentanil combined with ropivacaine in patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) under lower limb surgery in elderly. Methods Eighty patients scheduled for lower limb surgery were divided into 4 groups by random digits table with 20 cases in each. The concentration of the sufentanil were 0.1,0.2,0.3 and 0.4 μ g/ml in group A, B, C, D respectively. The concentration of the ropivacaine were 0.125% in each group for the PCEA.R-VAS, C-VAS , Bromage score, Ramsay score, press times ,dosage and side effects were monitored and recorded at 4,10,24 and 48 h after operation. Results Compared with those in group C, D, C-VAS,dosage of the analgesia,press times of PCEA were higher in group A,B (P＜0.01 or ＜ 0.05),the efficacy of press was lower in group A, B(P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference between group C and group D(P＞0.05 ).The Ramsay score 10,24 h after operation in group D[(4.5 ± 0.5 ), (4.6 ± 0.6) scores] was higher than that in group A,B,C [(2.7 ±0.8), (2.7 ±0.8) scores vs.(2.9 ± 0.9), (2.7 ± 0.9) scores vs. (3.0 ±0.7), (2.9 ±0.5) scores] (P ＜0.05). There were no case with hypotension and respiratory depression.Conclusion PCEA of four methods are safe and effective in elderly which 0.3 μ g/ml sufentanil combined with 0.125% ropivacaine have good analgesic effect and less side effect.