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Objective To investigate the expressions of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) and phosphorylated-protein kinase B (p-Akt) proteins in colorectal cancer and their clinical significances, in order to explore the roles of Oct4 and p-Akt in the staging and grading of colorectal cancer. Methods Immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the expression of Oct4 and p-Akt proteins in 78 cases of colorectal cancer in Wuxi Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Wuxi First People's Hospital from January 2011 to December 2016. Relationship between expressions of Oct4 and p-Akt proteins and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. Results The positive rate of Oct4 in tumors was 74.36 % (58/78), which was obviously higher than that in normal tissues [35.90 % (20/78), χ2= 23.32, P < 0.01]; and the positive rate of p-Akt in tumors was 67.95 % (53/78), which was obviously higher than that in normal tissues[28.21 %(25/78),χ2=24.68,P <0.01].The double positive and negative expression rate of these two proteins accounted for 80.8 %(63/78), with a linear positive correlation (r= 0.455, P < 0.000 1). In 78 cases of colorectal cancer, the expression of Oct4 protein was correlated with histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and Duke staging (all P < 0.05), and the expression of p-Akt protein was correlated with histological grade and lymph node metastasis (both P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the expression of Oct4 protein was related to histological grade and Duke staging(both P<0.05),and the expression of p-Akt protein was only related to lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Conclusion The combined detection of Oct4 protein and p-Akt protein has reliable and important clinical significance for judging the histological grade,lymph node metastasis and Duke staging of colorectal cancer.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of breathing exercise program (shrinking lips abdominal breathing combined with vertical breathing gymnastics) on dyspnea, pulmonary function, exercise tolerance and quality of life in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods A total of 90 hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COPD were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 45 cases in each group. The experimental group lost one case and the control group lost three cases, 86 patients finished the experiment. During hospitalization, on the base of conventional treatment and care, the experimental group received training of shrinking lips abdominal breathing combined with vertical breathing gymnastics after medical staff′s care, with folk music as the background. Exercise frequency:morning, afternoon, 2 times per day, 15 min per time and continue to exercise with researchers′ guidance after discharge. In the control group:take exercises by self, take routine follow-up after discharge. The intervention continued for three months. The indicators such as dyspnea, pulmonary function, exercise tolerance and life quality of both groups were assessed respectively before and after the intervention. Results There were no significant differences in dyspnea symptoms, lung function, exercise endurance, quality of life between two groups before intervention (P>0.05). The dyspnea scored 1.43±0.87 after intervention in the experimental group, and 1.93 ±0.97 in the control group, there was significant difference (Z=-2.293, P=0.022). The 6 min walking test distance was (371.34 ± 67.74) m after intervention in the experimental group, and (301.57 ± 61.67) m in the control group, there was significant difference(t = 4.988, P =0.000). The St. George′s Respiratory Questionnaire (respiratory symptoms, limited activity, influence disease) score and total score were 54.73 ± 11.96, 52.55 ± 14.48, 55.45 ± 10.01, 54.56 ± 10.79 after intervention in experimental group respectively, and 61.19 ± 10.72, 61.35 ± 14.66, 60.48 ± 9.39, 60.93 ± 10.16 in the control group, there were significant differences(t=-2.815--2.397, P0.05). Conclusions The program of shrinking lips abdominal breathing combined with vertical breathing gymnastics can relieve dyspnea in patients with moderate to severe COPD, improve exercise tolerance and quality of life, which is a safe and effective rehabilitation for patients with COPD.
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Dyspnea is an important issue for the patients with chronic heart failure. Breathing training, especially the inspiratory muscle training can help to improve the patients′ cardiopulmonary function, endurance and quality of life. In this paper, the foreign research about the method, effect evaluation and appropriate case of inspiratory muscle training in patients with chronic heart failure were reviewed so as to explore a specific strategy of inspiratory muscle training for China′s patients with chronic heart failure.
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Objective To discuss the method of stomach tube instead of normal nasointestinal tube for severe craniocerebral injury patients.Methods Placing the stomach tube into the jejunum blindly according to the patient's gastrointestinal peristalsis for 99 severe craniocerebral injury patients and observing the success rate and plugging rate.Results Ninety-two tubes were successfully placed,the success rate was 92.9％(92/99).The placement time was (45.9±26.7) min.The time of successful insertion tube enteral nutrition was (46.0±34.2) d.No clogging occurred during this period.Conclusions The method of stomach tube instead of normal nasointestinal tube is safe and effective.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of modulated, medium frequency electrotherapy on hemodynamics after thoracic surgery to provide non-pharmacological measures for preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Methods Seventy thoracic surgery patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group. Both groups received conventional treatment and nursing. The experimental group (35 patients) was treated with modulated, medium frequency electrotherapy additionally while the control group (35 patients) was not. The vein systolic maximum velocity (Vmax), vein diastolic minimum velocity (Vmin) and time-averaged mean velocity (TAVM) in the femoral vein, the superficial femoral vein, the deep femoral vein, the popliteal vein and the anterior tibial vein were observed before the operation, 4h after the operation, just after 20 minutes of electrotherapy, 15 min after the electrotherapy and 30 min after the electrotherapy. Results There were significant differences among the time points in the experimental group. There was no significant difference among the time points in the control group.There were significant differences in lower extremity hemodynamics between the experimental group and the control group at end of the electrotherapy session, but no significant differences at the later time points. Conclusions Modulated, medium frequency electrotherapy has a significant effect on lower extremity hemodynamics. It is an effective method for DVT prophylaxis in perioperative thoracic surgical patients.