ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a multivariate logistic regression model , and to predict the risk of ma-lignant partially cystic thyroid nodules .Methods 470 patients(662 nodules)treated with surgery and confirmed by pathological diagnosis were screened out .Their ultrasonographic morphology and vascularity of thyroid nod-ules, thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)and clinical information were collected and analyzed retrospectively .The model was developed to calculate the individual risk and ROC curve was used to evaluate the predictive index . Results The regression model was:Z=-3.60+1.40X2+2.47X3+1.05X4+0.57X9+0.07X10+1.02X12 ( X2 represents eccentric acute-angle configuration , X3 represents microcalcification , X4 represents cystic-solid margin,X9 represents echogenecity of solid portion , X10 represents TSH,X12 represents gender );M=eZ/1+eZ (M represents probability of malignancy , e represents natural constant 2.72).When applied the model to the ver-ification group, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, misdiagnosis rate, missed diagnosis rate, negative likeli-hood ratio(LR-)and positive likelihood ratio(LR+)was 96.95%,100%, 96.68%, 3.32%, 0%, 0 and 30.12 respectively.The largest area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUC)was 0.88,which proved the model has high diagnostic value .Conclusions The model has high accuracy to predict the risk of malignan-cy.M is closely related to malignant risk of partially cystic thyroid nodules .
ABSTRACT
Objective A multivariate logistic regression model was built to estimate the risk of malignant partially cystic thyroid nodules.Methods Data of ultrasonographic morphology,microcalcifications,margin,colloid crystals and echogenicity of 766 thyroid nodules (of 506 patients) were analyzed retrospectively.All patients underwent surgery and the diagnosis were confirmed by pathology.The model was built to calculate the individual risk and evaluate the predictive index.Results The regression model was Z =-2.30 + 1.42X2 + 2.39X3 + 1.17X4-1.35 X7 + 0.62X9 ; P =eZ/1 + ez (P represents probability of malignancy,e represents natural constant 2.72).The largest area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUC) was 0.86.When apply the model to the verification group(266 nodules),the accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,negative likelihood ratio and positive likelihood ratio were 93.61％,83.33％,94.63％,5.37％,16.67％、0.18 and 15.52 respectively.Conclusions This model based on the ultrasonographic variables increases the diagnostic accuracy of malignancy in patients with partially cystic thyroid nodules.
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Biochemistry is one of the important basic subjects in medical college. It is hard for students to master because of its complicated theories and abstract contents. It has been found that carrying out case-teaching method in biochemistry teaching is good for students to arouse study interest and enhance the abilities of autonomic learning, question-analyzing and question-solving as well as consolidate theory knowledge. It is worth generalizing as a new teaching method for biochemistry in medical college.
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We analyze the characteristics of foreign students and the problems in biochemistry teaching process by summarizing the practice of medical biochemistry teaching for undergraduate foreign students in Wenzhou Medical College. After careful thought on these problems,we brought forward some ideas and methods which may be useful to reform the teaching mode and improve the teaching results of medical biochemistry for foreign students.
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Based on the practice of bilingual education in medical biochemistry,this paper discussed the advantages,problems and solutions of bilingual education in medical biochemistry of teaching-centred medical college or university.This study will be helpful for developing bilingual teaching of biochemistry in other teaching-centred medical colleges or universities.
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Objective: To observe the inhibitory effect of scopolamine(Spm) and chlopromazine (Clo) on withdrawal syndromes in morphine dependent rats. Methods: The intensity of withdrawal syndromes on the model of morphine dependent rats was recorded after single or muiltiple subcutaneous administration(sc) of Spm and Clo at different doses. Results: Withdrawal syndromes were markedly decreased when single Spm 1 mg/kg and Clo 0.5 mg/kg combined with morphine were injected (P<0.05). Spm+Clo(sc) had much stronger effects on inhibiting withdrawal syndromes after intraperitoneal (ip) naloxone in morphine dependent rats (P<0.01). Conclusion: Spm can act on Ach-receptor and relieve morphine withdrawal syndromes. Clo may have a synergistic action with Spm via α2-receptor in the locus coeruleus of the rat brain stem.