Study on Chinese character writing related cortical areas mapped by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To identify Chinese character writing related cortex (WRC) and its relationship with hand motor cortical areas. Methods Ten native Chinese-speaking, right-hand volunteers were recruited in the study. NTMS mapping was conducted during picture naming task. The WRC were mapped based on nTMS-induced impairment of Chinese character writing. The extent and area of WRC was calculated. The right-hand motor representations were mapped while motor-evoked potentials were produced under nTMS stimulation. EMG data and coordinates of positive stimulus were recorded. The relationship between WRC and hand motor cortex (HMC) was analyzed on the basis of area comparison and distance calculation. Results The cortical areas related to Chinese character writing were mapped successfully in all subjects by nTMS. WRC was primarily centered in left posterior middle frontal gyrus (pMFG) (86%,55/64). The mean WRC area (161.03 mm2 ±62.58mm2) was significantly smaller than the mean HMC area (589.50 mm2±227.34mm2) (P<0.001). The WRC and HMC were not conjoined or overlapped in the dominant hemisphere. The distance between those two was 12.58mm±2.71mm. Conclusions NTMS can provide reliable assistance in mapping WRC areas. The WRC is relatively fixed and centralized in pMFG but is not overlapped with the HMC.

Exploration on Electroencephalogram Mechanism Differences of Negative Emotions Induced by Disgusted and Sad Situation Images / 生物医学工程学杂志

Evolutionary psychology holds such an opinion that negative situation may threaten survival, trigger avoidance motive and have poor effects on the human-body function and the psychological quality. Both disgusted and sad situations can induce negative emotions. However, differences between the two situations on attention capture and emotion cognition during the emotion induction are still not well known. Typical disgusted and sad situation images were used in the present study to induce two negative emotions, and 15 young students (7 males and 8 females, aged 27 ± 3) were recruited in the experiments. Electroencephalogram of 32 leads was recorded when the subjects were viewing situation images, and event-related potentials (ERP) of all leads were obtained for future analysis. Paired sample t tests were carried out on two ERP signals separately induced by disgusted and sad situation images to get time quantum with significant statistical differences between the two ERP signals. Root-mean-square deviations of two ERP signals during each time quantum were calculated and the brain topographic map based on root-mean-square deviations was drawn to display differences of two ERP signals in spatial. Results showed that differences of ERP signals induced by disgusted and sad situation images were mainly manifested in T1 (120-450 ms) early and T2 (800-1,000 ms) later. During the period of T1, the occipital lobe reflecting attention capture was activated by both disgusted and sad situation images, but the prefrontal cortex reflecting emotion sense was activated only by disgusted situation images. During the period of T2, the prefrontal cortex was activated by both disgusted and sad situation images. However, the parietal lobe was activated only by disgusted situation images, which showed stronger emotional perception. The research results would have enlightenment to deepen understanding of negative emotion and to exploredeep cognitive neuroscience mechanisms of negative emotion induction.

The present state and progress of researches on gait recognition / 生物医学工程学杂志

Recognition by gait is a new field for the biometric recognition technology. Its aim is to recognize people and detect physiological, pathological and mental characters by their walk style. The use of gait as a biometric for human identification is promising. The technique of gait recognition, as an attractive research area of biomedical information detection, attracts more and more attention. In this paper is introduced a survey of the basic theory, existing gait recognition methods and potential prospects. The latest progress and key factors of research difficulties are analyzed, and future researches are envisaged.

Circuit Design of Apparatus Used in Multi-functional Drug-Iontophoresis and Interference Electric Current Therapy / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design the circuit used in drug-iontophoresis and interference electric current therapy,which is a multi-functional apparatus. Methods Controlled by singlechip,through the D/A conversion and the functional generator ICL8038,a variety of waveforms were generated. The digital potentiometer was used to amplitude modulation. After the power amplifier and isolation,the signal needed was output. Results It had multiple output channels which could be regulated and controlled independently and could produce a variety of waveforms with adjustable parameters. Conclusion The circuit can complete the drug-iontophoresis and interference electric current therapy,which has simple structure and is low cost and multi-functional. It provides a new type of circuit for the relevant instrument design.