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Objective:To investigate the potential drug interactions of outpatient prescriptions containing metformin combined with other drugs from the perspective of drug transporters.Methods:The prescriptions containing metformin that were used in the Outpatient Department of Hainan General Hospital, China between July and December 2019 were collected. The potential interaction between drugs and metformin used in the prescriptions was analyzed according to drug instructions, Drugbank, PubMed databases.Results:A total of 15 568 outpatient prescriptions containing metformin were collected, including 9 146 prescriptions for male patients and 6 422 prescriptions for female patients. A total of 14 902 prescriptions contained combined medication. The drugs used in combination included other hypoglycemic drugs, antiplatelet drugs, antihypertensive drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, and neuroprotective drugs. The drug transporters including aspirin, atorvastatin calcium, repaglinide, bisoprolol, metoprolol and clopidogrel had a potential interaction with metformin. There were 11 614 prescriptions containing drug transporters and metformin, including 5 938 prescriptions inhibiting organic cation transporter 1 and 5676 prescriptions inhibiting organic cation transporter 2.Conclusion:There is no incompatibility between the outpatient prescriptions containing metformin and the commonly used drugs for chronic diseases, but the outpatient doctors do not have enough knowledge about dose adjustment caused by potential interaction.
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Brexanolone, also known as 3a, 5a-tetrahydroprogesterone, is a metabolite of progesterone and an important neuroactive steroid with a wide range of biological activities.Recently, the most exciting thing is that 2019 year the FDA has approved its treatment of postpartum depression, which is also the only drug to obtain indications for postpartum depression.It is expected to officially enter the market by the end of June 2019 year.This article reviews the research progress of its pharmacological action.
ABSTRACT
Brexanolone,also known as 3a,5a-tetrahydroprogesterone ,is a metabolite of progesterone and an important neuroactive steroid with a wide range of biological activities.Recently,the most exciting thing is that 2019 year the FDA has approved its treatment of postpartum depression ,which is also the only drug to obtain indications for postpartum depression.It is expected to officially enter the market by the end of June 2019 year.This article reviews the research progress of its pharmacological action.
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ObjectiveTo explore the clinical application of video-assisted mini-thoracotomy lobectomy for radical resection of lung cancer.MethodsThirty-five patients with lung cancer treated with video-assisted mini-thoracotomy lobectomy as experiment group,40 patients with lung cancer treated with open thoracic operation as control group.The length of incision,operation time,lymph node number,peri-operative bleeding,drainage time,postoperative analgesia time,length of hospital stay were observed and compared between two groups.ResultsThe length of incision,operation time,lymph node number,peri-operative bleeding,drainage time,postoperative analgesia time,length of hospital stay were(5.8 ± 1.5) cm,( 146.5 ± 26.4) min,7.8 ± 0.6,(257.5 ± 79.5) ml,(3.2 ± 0.6) d,(2.0 ± 0.4) d,(9.5 ± 2.6) d in experiment group,and (28.7 ± 3.1 ) cm,( 142.3 ± 28.6) min,8.2 ± 0.7,(495.3 ± 97.6) ml,(5.7 ± 1.0) d,(3.6 ± 0.8) d,(16.3 ± 2.7) d in control group.There was no significant difference in the operation time,lymph node number between two groups(P ＞ 0.05).There were significant differences in the length of incision,peri-operative bleeding,drainage time,postoperative analgesia time,length of hospital stay between two groups (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsThe radical resection of lung cancer under video-assisted mini-thoracotomy lobectomy is safe,effective,microinvasive.It can achieve the better efficacy under the similar operation time as open thoracic operation,thus it is worthy of being widely used in the clinic and promotion.
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ObjectiveTo study the clinical applications value of tuberculous cavity resection in cavitary tuberculosis.MethodsForty-three cases of patients with cavitary tuberculosis were selected and divided into 2 groups by mechanical sampling method,15 cases in group Ⅰ were given standard chemotherapy regimen,28 cases in group Ⅱ were given standard chemotherapy regimen combined with tuberculous cavity resection.ResultsAfter treatment,the proportion of haemoptysis ending in group Ⅱ was85.7％(24/28),the proportion of negative sputum bacteria was 96.4％(27/28),and the proportion of antfebrile was 92.9％(26/28),which were higher than those in group Ⅰ [13.3％(2/15),33.3％(5/15),26.7％(4/15)].There were significant differences between two groups(P＜ 0.01 ).But after treatment,the time needed for improving symptoms in group Ⅰ [( 10.2 ± 1.1 ),(8.3 ± 1.2 ),(9.1 ± 1.1 ) months]were significantly longer than those in group Ⅱ [(6.3 ± 1.2 ),(4.5 ± 1.3 ),( 5.3 ± 1.2) months],and there were significant differences between two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion The tuberculous cavity resection in treatment for cavitary tuberculosis can significantly improve the curative effect,and shorten the period of treatment.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the association between homocysteine and cerebral infarction, as well as between different subtypes of cerebral infarction.Methods105 cases with cerebral infarction were divided into two subgroups, according to TOAST criteria, large-artery disease and small-artery disease.In addition,50 normal persons were selected as control group.Fasting blood samples were drawn from antecubital vein for measurement of plasma total homocysteine,glucose and lipids.Enzyme conversion immunoassay was applied to detect plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) levels.ResultsThe mean tHcy of cerebral infarction, which was (24.85±24.56) μmol/L, was significantly higher than that of control group, which was (16.18±6.97) μmol/L(P<0.05).There was a significant difference of homocysteine between large-artery disease,which was (30.46±31.16) μmol/L, and small-artery disease,which was (18.43±10.73) μmol/L,or the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between small-artery disease and the control group. ConclusionThe mean tHcy significantly elevated in large-artery disease,which indicated that elevated plasma homocysteine levels is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease.