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ObjectiveTo explore the barriers and facilitators of the adherence of formal practice after mindfulness-based cognitive therapy （MBCT） in psychological counseling outpatients. MethodsOne-on-one interview was conducted in 15 psychological counseling outpatients who attended MBCT at Shanghai Mental Health Center and had been out of treatment 5 months or more. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. ResultsPoor mood， weak willpower， limited time and space， lack of companionship and supervision， and discomfort with the recording were the five factors that prevented the patients from sticking to their practice. Personality trait， trust， benefit， need for self-care， time/space arrangement， fellow practitioners， therapists， and ease and convenience of practice were the eight factors that promoted the patients to practice. ConclusionThe COM-B model helps therapists and individuals with practice needs to understand the mechanism of formal practice facilitators at a holistic level. Therapists and individuals with practice needs should be concerned about possible barriers on the adherence of formal practice.
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Xi'an Jiaotong University has proposed the concept of "less teaching and more learning, interaction between guiding and learning" in medical education, based on its sedimentary deposits, and carried out reform for all clinical medical students since 2001. After more than ten years of educational reform, we have built brand new management framework, and established integrated organ system-based curriculum and PBL teaching pattern. This pattern involves eight aspects of comprehensive reform, including training program, curriculum model, textbook, teaching method, learning style, assessment and evaluation, teaching organization, teaching conditions and guarantee. It will provide paradigm for the integrated curriculum reform in peer colleges, and will be a milestone in the history of medical education in China.
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Objective To investigate the effect of constant small amount of continuous airway humidification and closed suction method to prevent sputum formation of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Methods 115 cases with acute respiratory distress syndrome were randomly divided into the observation group (60 cases)and the control group (55 cases).The observation group was given small amount of constant continuous airway humidification and closed suction method.The control group was given open suction and intermittent airway humidification.The treatment effect was compared between the two groups. Results 24 h after intubation,difference of sputum viscosity between the two groups was not significant.72 h and 120 h after intubation,sputum viscosity of the control group was significantly higher than the observation group.In the sputum formation,24 h,72 b and 120 h after intubation,the control group was significantly higher than the observation group.At the end of suction,and 1 min,3 min,5 min after the suction,the oxygen saturation degree of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group.Whatever in the process of humidification or suction,the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,the difference was obvious. Conclusions Combination of constant small amount of continuous airway humidification and closed suction method can effectively reduce the sputum formation of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome,which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Objective To study the correlation of the serum insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) level and the radioactive iodine uptake rate in patients with nodular goiter,to explore a simple and saftymethods of identifying different kinds of thyroid nodule.Methods Sixty diagnosed cases was selected intohot nodule group(30 cases)and cool nodule group(30 cases),and 30 healthy people were selected into thehealthy control group.Measured the IGF-1,FT3,FT4,TSH level of each group by radioimmunoassay,and measured the radioactive iodine uptake rate by radionuclear technique.Results To compare with healthy control group,the levels of serum IGF-1,FT3,FT4 and the radioactive iodine uptake rate of hot nodule group were increased obviously,but the serum TSH was decreased significantly,and the level of IGF-1 had positive correhtion with the radioactive iodine uptake rate(r=0.835)in the same group.Meanwhile,the 1 evel of IGF-1 had negative correlation with the level of TSH(r=-0.326).In cool nodule group,the levels of serum IGF-1,FT3,FT4,TSH had no significant difference oompared with healthy control group(P>0.05).Conclusion The level of IGF-1 and radioactive iodine uptake rate in patients with nodular goiter has certain correlation.
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AIM: To observe the change of TNF-? mRNA in hypertrophic cardiac myocytes induced by pressure overload in rats and the effect of captopril. METHODS: Serum and heart were collected 42 days after the cardiac hypertrophy model made by pressure overload by abdomen aorta-constriction (AC). Hypertrophic parameter and the concentration of TNF-? in serum and left ventricle were determined by ELISA. TNF-? mRNA in cardiac myocytes was determined by in situ hybridization and analyze by ELIA image analysis system. The orientation of (TNF-?) mRNA in cardiac myocytes was also observed. RESULTS: Left ventricle hypertrophy was observed 42 days after operation. TNF-? mRNA in AC group elevated 98% compared to sham-operated group and descended 64.14% by captopril ((P
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AIM: To examine the effects of monocyte-endothelium interaction on the expression of CD36 in monocytes and observe the functions of cytokines in this process. METHODS: The monocytes and endothelial cells were cultured alone or cocultured together to form different cell culture conditions. The level of M-CSF in culture medium was determined by enzyme linked immune sandwich assay(ELISA) technique, and the expression of CD36 in monocytes was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The expression of CD36 in monocytes was low in monocytes cultured alone but increased significantly when monocytes and endothelial cells were cocultured(P
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Objective To clone the reconstructed Hc gene of botulinum neurotoxin type A(BoNT/AHc)and to explore the soluble expression of the reconstructed gene in E.coli.Methods The gene of Hc fragment was synthesized by replacing rare codons with frequent ones in E.coli,while the components of amino acids didn't change,and the contents of AT decreased from 76.4 % to 57.3%.The reconstructed gene was then cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pQE-60.The recombinant plasmid pQE-60Hc was introduced into E.coli Origami(DE3)that was induced to express the protein.The soluble expression products were then detected by Western Blot.Finally the expressed product of recombination plasmid pQE-60Hc was analyzed with SDS-PAGE after purification through Ni-NTA column.Results The reconstructed Hc gene of BoNT/AHc was amplified by PCR.The expression vector pQE-60Hc was constructed successfully with BamH Ⅰ and Nco Ⅰto ingest both BoNT/AHc and vector pQE-60.Reconstructed gene could be expressed effectively in E.coli in soluble form.The molecular weight of expressed product of recombination plasmid pQE-60Hc analyzed by SDS-PAGE was 52 000,which was the same as anticipated.And the soluble expression product accounted for to 11.5 % of the total bacterial protein.Western blot assay showed that the expression product could bind to specific antibody agent BoNT/A.Conclusion The expression vector has been constructed and the reconstructed gene was expressed successfully and effectively in E.coli,which may provide a foundation for further study on antitoxin and vaccine.
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Objetive To study the effects of captopri on AT1 and AT2 receptors of load-pressured hypertrophied cardiac muscles of adult rats.Methods Using the methods of narrowing and contraction of the aorta of adult healthy rats to establish the model of animals with hypertrophied cardiac and to observe the changes of receptors AT1 and AT2 of hypertrophied cardiac muscles of AC rats by comprehensive applications of cardiac-tube,immunity tissue chemistry and the technique of image disjunction.Results Left ventricular and cardiac muscles of rats were increased remarkably as the pressure-loading time lasted.After using captopri,left ventricular hypertrophied one was decreased more significantly than that in control group.The expression of receptor AT 1 was increased remarkably as the pressure-loading time lasted.The expression of receptor AT2 was increased transiently,after that reached about as high as control group.AT1/AT2 was increased one week after operation,and then was progressively decreased.After AC,captopri prevented hypertrophied cardiac muscles and receptor AT1 in cardiac muscles.AT1/AT2 was remarkably decreased.Conclusion Load-pressured cardiac hypertrophy may increase the expression of AT1.The expression of receptor AT 2 was increased transiently.The main working mechanism of captopri's preventing and treating the load-pressured cardiac hypertrophy in adult rats may be lowering the expression of AT1 and may effectively block the cardiac hypertrophy regulation precess of Ang ll via AT1 preventing load-pressured cardiac hypertrophy in adult rats.