Clinical analysis of mastoid abnormal MRI singals In the infant / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To analyse the result of mastoid abnormal MRI singals in infants without clinical symptoms and to evaluate the diagnostic value. METHODS The MRI data of abnormal signals in the middle ear and mastoid of 42 infants(62 ears) were analyzed with 1000 Hz probe tone tympanometry and oto-endoscope. RESULTS Of the infants with abnormal MRI signals of the middle ear and mastoid, 50 ears were secretory otitis media(80.7％), 10 ears had dysfunction of middle ear (16.1％), and 2 ears were not identified. CONCLUSION In the infant who had a abnormal long T2 singals MRI but without clinical symptoms, 80.7％ were caused by SOM or AOM. It is valuable for clinical efficacy evaluation and treatment planning in advance.

Treatment experience of critical children with tracheobronchial foreign body / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To investigate the rescue and treatment of critical children with tracheobronchial foreign body. METHODS From June 2011 to June 2015,there were 2489 children with tracheobronchial foreign bodies treated in Children's Hospital of HeBei Province, among which 11critical children who were rescued as soon as they came to the hospital. The clinical data of the 11critical children were analyzed. RESULTS All the 11 critical cases endured dyspnea of third degree or more severe and presented severe hypoxia, in which 2 children had been performed tracheal intubation before they came to the hospital and 1 child even showed the symptom of respiratory and cardiac arrest. Among these critical cases, the foreign body was removed directly without anesthesia in 1 child. The other 2 children with severe pneumothorax, mediastinal emphysema and subcutaneous emphysema in neck and chest area were treated by excision and drainage of emphysema firstly, and then the foreign bodies were extracted through bronchoscope after general anesthesia. The another 8 children were performed operations of extraction of bronchial foreign body and then the foreign bodies were taken out. All the 11 critical children were rescued successfully and no death cases happened. CONCLUSION Rapid diagnosis and rapid removal of foreign bodies is the key to save the lives of critical children with tracheobronchial foreign bodies.

Distribution and drug resistance of the pathogenic bacteria from sputum specimens of 1 125 children with tracheo bronchial foreign bodies / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the distribution and drug susceptibility of the pathogenic bacteria in the airway secretions in children with tracheobronchial foreign bodies so as to assist physicians in clinical prescription.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sputum specimens of 1 125 children with tracheobronchial foreign bodies were collected in removal of the foreign bodies by rigid bronchoscope, and the drug susceptibility test was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pathogenic bacteria were detected in 218 (19.4%) of 1 125 sputum specimens. Among the pathogenic bacteria, 126 (57.79%) strains were gram-negative bacilli, consisting of 76 (34.86%) strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 10 (4.59%) strains of Escherichia coli, 7 (3.21%) strains of Sewer enterobacter, 7 (3.21%) strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 6 (2.75%) strains of Klebsiella bacillus; and 92 (42.21%) strains were gram-positive bacilli, consisting of 80 (36.69%) strains of Streptococcus pneumonia and 10 (4.59%) strains of Escherichia coli. Most of detected gram-negative bacilli were highly sensitive to cefepime, ceftazidine, imipenem and amikacin, no strains were resistant to meropenem and ciprofloxacin. None of the detected gram-positive bacilli were resistant to cefepime, vancomycin, levofloxacin and teicoplanin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The Haemophilus influenzae of gram-negative bacilli and the Streptococcus pneumonia of gram-positive bacilli are the main pathogenic bacteria existing in the airway secretions of children with tracheobronchial foreign bodies. The Haemophilus influenzae were highly sensitive to cephalosporin, imipenem and amikacin, and the Streptococcus pneumonia to cefepime, vancomycin, levofloxacin and teicoplanin.</p>

A clinical study of the acoustic rhinometry in nasal and nasopharyngeal airway of children with adenoid vegetation / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the significance of the AR measurement in diagnosis of adenoid vegetation and evaluation of the efficiency of adenoidectomy.@*METHOD@#Twenty-three healthy children and 27 children with adenoid vegetation were studied by ECCOVISION acoustic rhinometry (AR).@*RESULTS@#Tthe NAR of the in-patients before adenoidectomy [(0.44 +/- 0.17) kPa x L(-1) x min(-1)] were significantly (P < 0.05) greater than that of the healthy children [(0.33 +/- 0.17) kPa x L(-1) x min(-1)],while the total NPV [(14.74 +/- 5.01) cm3] were significantly (P < 0.01) smaller [(19.77 +/- 5.77) cm3]. The NAR of the in-patients after adenoidectomy [(0.36 +/- 0.21) kPa x L(-1) x min(-1)] were significantly (P < 0.05) smaller than that before adenoidectomy. The total NPV [(17.93 +/- 4.56) cm3] were significantly (P < 0.05) greater than that before adenoidectomy.@*CONCLUSION@#AR has significant importance in diagnosis of adenoid vegetation and it is also an efficient method to evaluate the efficiency of adenoidectomy.