Multivariate analysis of pharyngo cutaneou fistulas after larynx cancer and lower pharynx cancer surgery / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relative factors of pharyngo cutaneou fistulas after larynx cancer and lower pharynx cancer surgery.@*METHOD@#The clinical datas of 87 larynx cancer patients and lower pharynx cancer patients admitted were retrospectively analyzed. According to the type of postoperative complications all cases could be divided into pharyngo cutaneou fistulas group and no pharyngo cutaneou fistulas group. Thirty-eight kinds of factors,including age, clinical stage, plasma electrolytes level and type of procedure are in the multivariate analysis, and the variability indicators are in binary-regression analysis.@*RESULT@#Eleven patients had pharyngo cutaneou fistulas (12.64%). Univariate analysis indicated that BMI, pre-operative serum potassium, operation time, cervical lymph dissection, post-operative prealbumin, post-operative hemoglobin, infection and delayed union of incision were the risk factors of pharyngo cutaneou fistulas (P < 0.05). Logistic stepwise regression analysis indicated that post-operative prealbumin and operation time were the independent risk factors.@*CONCLUSION@#To avoid pharyngo cutaneou fistulam, it is very necessary to correct electrolyte disorder and negative nitrogen balance. To shorten the operation time, to avoid incision infection and delayed union were helpfulness, too.

The effect of sodium salicylate on the expression of GABAa receptor subunits in cochlear spiral ganglion neurons / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate mRNA expression of GABAa receptor(GABAaR) subunits in the rat cochlear spiral ganglion neurons (SGN) and explore the effect of sodium salicylate (SS) on the expression of GABAaR subunits.@*METHOD@#The realtime fluorescent quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) was used to detect mRNA expression of twelve GABAaR subunits in the newborn rat SGN and then investigate mRNA expression of GABAaR subunits after treatment with 5 mmol/L SS for 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 3 h and 6 h in the primary culture SGN.@*RESULT@#(1) GABAaR subunits of α1-6, β1-3, and γ1-3 were detected in the SGN, and the expression of GABAaR subunits was lower than those in the cerebral cortex. In the subunit α family of GABAaR, the expression rank was α2>α3/α5>α4>a1>α6, and the expression of α3 and α5 had no difference (P>0. 05). In the subunit β family, the expression rank was β3>β2>β1. In the subunit γ family, the expression rank was γ1>γ2>γ3. (2) The expression of all subunits of GABAa receptor was obviously fluctuated excepting subunit α5 after treatment with SS. At 15 min post-SS, α1, α2 , β1 and γ1-3 were upregulated, and α3 was downregulated; At 30 min post-SS, α3, β1 and β3 were upregulated, and γ1 was downregulated; At 1 h post-SS, β2 was upregulated and γ3 was downregulated; At 3 h post-SS, β1 and β2 were upregulated, and α3 and γ2 were downregulated; At 6 h post-SS, αl, α3 ,β2, β3 and γ1 were upregulated, and α2, α4 and β1 were downregulated.@*CONCLUSION@#The mRNA of GABAaR was expressed in the rat SGN, and the expression of GABAaR subunits was lower in SGN than the cerebral cortex. SS could alter the GABAaR expression quantity in rat SGN; Most of the subunits expression were elevated obviously in the early post SS (15 min), followed by a slight fluctuation.

Giant pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: one case report and review of the literature / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the cause, genetics, clinical features, pathological mechanism, diagonosis and treatment of the Giant pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland (GPA).@*METHOD@#A case of GPA was reported and relevant literatures were reviewed.@*RESULT@#GPAs were more commonly found in elderly patients, duration of more than 10 years, with a possible malignant degeneration. CT scan shows uneven density, different degrees of enhancement and clear boundary. Pathological examination shows that the composition of tumor tissue are epitheli al cells, myoepithelial cells and mucus.@*CONCLUSION@#GPA is an uncommon disease and is associated with human factors. The diagnosis of GPA is oriented by medical history, physical examination and imaging tests. The total resection of the tumor and preservation of the facial nerve is an effective way for the treatment of GPA.

One case of head and facial angiosarcoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Summary The clinical manifestaion includes purple or red patches and nodules, dark red appearing on head and face. Physical examination showed facial swelling with lymph nodes. CT examination demonstrated both diffuse swelling of facial soft tissue and multiple cervical lymph nodes. Platelet significantly reduced. Pathological examination: angiosarcoma.

Free jejunum reconstruction and laryngeal preservation for squamous cell carcinoma in the pharyngoesophageal junction / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Try to use free jejunum flaps reconstruction and laryngeal preservation for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the pharyngoesophageal junction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirteen patients who underwent resections of SCC in the pharyngoesophageal junction with free jejunal interposition from August 2007 to December 2012 were reviewed. Of them, 8 had T3 lesions, 4 had T4 lesions, and one had radiation failure with rT2 lesion. Ten patients were treated with postoperative radiotherapy with a average dosage of 56 Gy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 3 year over all survival rate was 47.9% and disease-specific survival rate was 34.2%. The surgical complications occurred in 9 patients (9/13), including one death and one flap failure. Five patients (5/13) had permanent tracheal canulation, 10 patients (10/13) resumed oral feeding and all patients achieved reasonable speech.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Free jejunum interposition can be used to reconstruct surgical defect of SCC in the pharyngoesophageal junction, thus preserving the larynx and ensuring a better quality of life for the patients.</p>

Src family kinases affect the expression of Nav1.1 in spiral ganglion neurons / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigated the effects of Src family kinases on the expression of mRNA and protein of Nav1.1 in spiral ganglion neurons.@*METHOD@#RT-PCR and Western blot techniques respectively explored the level of expression of mRNA and protein of Nav1.1 in spiral ganglion neurons by Src family kinases inhibitor.@*RESULT@#An application of the inhibitor of Src family kinases which was PP2 (10 micromol/L) and SU6656 (2 micromol/L) gived rise to the mRNA decreasing to 26% +/- 0.8% and 36% +/- 1.5% respectively (P < 0.05), and protein reducing to 39% +/- 12.5% and 53% +/- 1.7% severally (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Administration of the inhibitor of Src family kinases could decrease the expression of mRNA and protein of Nav1.1 in spiral ganglion neurons.

Protection Against Gentamicin Ototoxicity by the Administration of Dexamethasone on the Cochlear Round Window Membrane / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To investigate the protective effects of round window membrane administration of dex-amethasone(Dex) on ototoxicity induced by gentamicin(GM) .Methods Sixty guinea pigs with normal hearing were randomly divided into four groups ,①GM group :treated with gentamicin by 120 mg · kg -1 · d-1 for 10 days;②GM -S-Dex group:treated as the GM group and dexamethasone by intraperitoneal injection 2 .5 mg · kg -1 · d-1 for 10 days;③GM -T -Dex group :treated as the GM group and dexamethasone by round window administration on right ear ;④NS -T -Dex group:treated with sodium chloride by 120 mg · kg -1 · d-1 for 10 days and with dex-amethasone topically as GM -T -Dex group .The auditory brainstem response (ABR) was respectively measured before the treatment and on day 1 ,day 10 after the treatment .After the treatment ,animals were killed instantly and the middle ear mucosa and the Corti's organ were observed with SEM .Results There was no change of ABR threshold in NS -T -Dex group on day 10 after the treatment ,whereas ABR thresholds in the other groups were elevated and GM group was the most significant .The massive outer hair cells loss was observed in GM group while the loss in GM -T -Dex group and GM -S-Dex group was trivial .The middle ear mucosa was normal and no inflammation was found in any of the groups .Conclusion The results indicated that round window administration of dexamethasone had protective effects aganist the gentamicin -induced hearing loss .

Analysis of the reason for the adhesion of vocal cord after CO2 laser laryngeal surgery / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the reason for the adhesion of vocal cord after CO2 Laser laryngeal surgery.@*METHOD@#One hundred and nineteen patients who were untaken CO2 Laser laryngeal microsurgery.@*RESULT@#Among 119 cases, 9 cases of bilateral vocal cord paralysis, 42 cases of vocal cord polyps and 3 cases of precancerous laryngeal lesions did not show vocal cord adhesion after CO2 Laser laryngeal microsurgery. Contrarily, one of 5 cases with laryngeal stenosis, 5 of 41 cases with laryngeal papilloma and 6 of 19 cases with laryngeal carcinoma shew the adhesion of vocal cord after CO2 Laser laryngeal microsurgery.@*CONCLUSION@#Through selecting the appropriate patient and surgery spot, processing correctly during and after surgery, using the suitable dosage of laser and reducing the heat radiation, the adhesion of vocal cord can be avoided after CO2 Laser laryngeal surgery.

Analysis of the reason for the adhesion of vocal cord after CO_2 Laser laryngeal surgery / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the reason for the adhesion of vocal cord after CO_2 Laser laryngeal surgery.Method:One hundred and nineteen patients who were untaken CO_2 Laser laryngeal microsurgery.Result: Among 119 cases,9 cases of bilateral vocal cord paralysis, 42 cases of vocal cord polyps and 3 cases of precancerous laryngeal lesions did not show vocal cord adhesion after CO_2 Laser laryngeal microsurgery.Contrarily, one of 5 cases with laryngeal stenosis, 5 of 41 cases with laryngeal papilloma and 6 of 19 cases with laryngeal carcinoma shew the adhesion of vocal cord after CO_2 Laser laryngeal microsurgery.Conclusion:Through selecting the appropriate patient and surgery spot, processing correctly during and after surgery, using the suitable dosage of laser and reducing the heat radiation, the adhesion of vocal cord can be avoided after CO_2 Laser laryngeal surgery.

The experimental study of the anti-damage effect of iminoethyl-lysine on noise-induced cochlea damage in guinea pig / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the anti-damage effect of iminoethyl-lysine on noise-induced cochlea damage in guinea pig.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>40 healthy red eye guinea pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups: Group A, normal control group; Group B, noise group; Group C, noise and drug group; Group D, iminoethyl-lysine group. Guinea pigs of both group B and group C were exposed to 115 dB white noise for 6 hours/day for 6 days. Group C and Group D were treated with iminoethyl-lysine(10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, while Group B were treated with the same volume of physiological saline. ABR hearing threshold was measured in all animals before and after experiment. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(NOS II) in the cochlea was examined by the method of immunohistochemistry. Also the cochlea of four groups were examined with scanning electronic microscope. ABR hearing threshold, expression of NOS II and structure of cochlea of four groups were compared with each other.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference in ABR hearing threshold among four groups before the experiment(P > 0.05). There was no significant ABR hearing threshold shift in Group A and Group D after the experiment(P > 0.05), and there was significant ABR hearing threshold shift in Group B and Group C(P < 0.05). After the experiment, the ABR hearing threshold of group B(60.23 +/- 11.23) dB, was higher than that of Group C(38.46 +/- 7.24) dB, P < 0.05. The expression of NOS II was negative in the cochlea of Group A and Group D, but was stronger in Group B than that in Group C. The damage of outer hair cells of cochlea of Group B was more severe than that of Group C.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of NOS II in the guinea pig's cochlea damaged by noise is positive. Iminoethyl-lysine could inhibit the activity of NOS II and has the anti-damage effect on noise-induced cochlea damage. It is indicated that nitric oxide plays an important role in the pathogenesis of noise-induced hearing loss.</p>