ABSTRACT
AIMS: Enteric fever is endemic in Mumbai and its diagnosis poses several problems. Our main aim was to study the clinical profile, haematological features of culture proven typhoid cases, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates and the time to defervescence with the treatment received. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retospective chart review of all cases of culture proven enteric fever carried out at a tertiary care private hospital in Mumbai over the period January 2003 to September 2005. RESULTS: Culture positivity in our study was 52.6%. Sixty one percent of the isolates were Salmonella typhi while 39% were Salmonella paratyphi A. An absolute eosinopenia was seen in 76.9% of the patients. Before being admitted to the hospital, 46.2% received antibiotics. The mean time to defervescence in patients who received prior antibiotics was 4.5 days while that in those who did not receive prior antibiotics was 5.1 days. CONCLUSIONS: A high culture positivity despite prior or ongoing antibiotic treatment was seen. Absolute eosinophil count of 0% could be an important marker of typhoid. High prevalence of nalidixic acid resistance, a marker of resistance to fluoroquinolones was observed. Combination treatment was not found to be superior to treatment with a single antibiotic.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Endemic Diseases , Female , Humans , India/epidemiology , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Salmonella paratyphi A/isolation & purification , Salmonella typhi/isolation & purification , Typhoid Fever/diagnosisABSTRACT
Cryptococcus neoformans produces brown colonies on Niger seed (Guizotia abyssinica) agar. Media containing caffeic acid, L-dopa and other diphenolic compounds, have been used for the same purpose. The present report describes a new medium containing tobacco which supports growth of C.neoformans and allows its easy differentiation by formation of brown coloured colonies.
Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnosis , Adolescent , Apgar Score , Cornea/abnormalities , Craniofacial Abnormalities/diagnosis , Ear/abnormalities , Fatal Outcome , Female , Gestational Age , Hand Deformities/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic/diagnosis , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Neck/abnormalities , Nose/abnormalities , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Syndrome , Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methodsSubject(s)
Adult , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Cross Infection/diagnosis , Developing Countries , Female , Humans , India , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnosis , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Pregnancy, Multiple , Pseudomonas/pathogenicity , Pseudomonas Infections/diagnosis , Triplets , VirulenceABSTRACT
A clinic based cross-sectional study was conducted at Immunoprophylaxis Clinic at Govt. Medical College, Nagpur. Mothers of 217 children were interviewed for infant feeding practices. In 62.67% of children, breast-feeding was initiated within 24 hrs. after birth. About 22% mother used prelacteal feed and 70% mothers preferred demand feeding. Prominent area of concern includes discarding of colostrum, low exclusive breast feeding rate, delayed weaning and early termination of breast feeding. Further improvement in present day infant feeding practices is possible by emphasising on the health education component of existing nutritional programmes.