ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Bispectrum and bicoherence analysis that is the frequency domain methods of EEG analysis was examined to elucidate the correlation with the depth of anesthesia. METHODS: 25 patients under the gynecological surgery were studied. EEG was surveyed by PhysioLab 400. Analysis of EEG was done according to the progress of anesthesia, normal state before anesthesia, before incision of skin, operation 1, operation 2, awake and post-anesthesia. EEG is applied to filtering of signal, base line correction, linear detrend removal to get more reliable analysis. The appearance rate of bispectrum peaks are calculated by bispectrum operation. And bicoherences are calculated by bispectrum and power spectrum of AR model. RESULTS: In awaking state of patient in pre-anesthesia and post anesthesia, appearance rate of bispectral coupling was observed that a strong appearance rate was represented in all area (0-35 Hz). During the anesthesia, the low frequency area (3-15 Hz) revealed a strong appearance. Also the 2D map of a appearance rate is divided into four sections for more objectivity. Of four sections Bipara#4 is considered that the best parameter which showed progress of anesthesia (P < 0.01). In bicoherence study, in awake state which patient is in pre-anesthesia and post anesthesia, appearance rate of bicoherence value was observed that a strong appearance rate was represented in high frequency range (15-30 Hz). However, under the anesthesia of patients, the low frequency area (0-10 Hz) revealed a strong appearance. And, of four sections Bicpara#2 and Bicpara#4 are considered that the best parameter which showed progress of anesthesia effectively (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the peak appearance of bispectrum and bicoherence is useful monitoring for the depth of anesthesia.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Anesthesia , Electroencephalography , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures , SkinABSTRACT
Testicular teratomas are germ cell neoplasms that consist of tissue derived from ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm in various stages of maturation. The teratomas are subclassified into mature teratoma, immature teratoma, and malignant teratoma. depending on the appearance and maturity of the various components. Prognosis is directly related to maturity of the tissue. Recently we experienced two cases of testicular teratoma, so we report these two cases of testicular teratoma with review of literature.
Subject(s)
Ectoderm , Endoderm , Mesoderm , Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal , Prognosis , Teratoma , TestisABSTRACT
A clinical analysis were made on 104 cases of congenital anomalies of the genitourinary tract in childhood who had been admitted to the Department of Urology, Maryknoll Hospital during the period from January, 1976 to December, 1982 and following results were obtained. 1. Among the total number of patients(1248 cases)admitted to the Urologic Department, 170cases (13.6%) were pediatric patients. 2. Among the total number of pediatric patients, 104 cases (61.2%) were congenital anomalies of genitourinary tract. 3. The ratio of male to female was 51:1. 4. Age distribution of the congenital anomalies showed higher concentration between age of 6years and 12 years. 5. The frequently involved organs of the genitourinary tract in anomalies were genitalia (77.9%), and followed by urethra (16.3%) and Kidney (3.8%) 6. The incidence of complications among the urinary tract anomalies was 4 cases (17.4%). And the most frequent complication were hydronephrosis (75%), and followed by pyelonephritis(25%) and vesicoureteral reflex (25%). 7. The most frequent anomalies according to pathological features were cryptorchism (47.5%) among the total number of genitourinary tract anomalies and other were hypospadias (15.3%), hydrocele (10.2 %), phimosis (5.9 %) in frequency of orders.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Age Distribution , Cryptorchidism , Genitalia , Hydronephrosis , Hypospadias , Incidence , Kidney , Phimosis , Reflex , Urethra , Urinary Tract , UrologyABSTRACT
We report a case of stress incontinence in 51 year old female treated by Marshall Marchetti operation with the review of literatures.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Urinary Incontinence, StressABSTRACT
Ultrasonography were performed on 52 patients with 64 cases of urologic diseases, and its significance was discussed. The results were as follows: 1. Overall diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography was 90.6% and diagnostic error was 9.4%. 2. It is not helpful to use ultrasonography as a primary screening procedure or to use it alone, but it is recommended to use ultrasonography as a supplementary measure after excretory urography. 3. Many needless renal angiographys and explorations can be avoided by performing ultrasonography prior to renal angiographys and explorations to get more accurate information. 4. Ultrasonography is known to be atraumatic, noninvasive and not harmful to human body, and it may be used safely in children and pregnant women. 5. Ultrasonography can be performed regardless of renal function and is particularly helpful in differentiating between cystic and solid masses. 6. Ultrasonography was particularly helpful in the diagnosis of non-visualization of kidney in I.V.P.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Errors , Human Body , Kidney , Mass Screening , Pregnant Women , Ultrasonography , Urography , Urologic DiseasesABSTRACT
Renal hypoplasia is a relatively rare congenital disease. We report two cases of unilateral renal hyperplasia with review of literature.
Subject(s)
HyperplasiaABSTRACT
The free, full thickness skin graft urethroplasty has grown in popularity and row ranks among the best of corrective procedures for urethral stricture. This procedures was initially described by Presman and Greenfield in 1953. Herein we present a case of full thickness tube graft urethroplasty in 29-year-old male patient with anterior urethral stricture.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Skin , Transplants , Urethral StrictureABSTRACT
Statistical observation was made on in-patients in Department of Urology, Maryknoll Hospital, Busan, Korea, during the period from July 1, 1976 to December 31, 1979.
Subject(s)
Korea , Urolithiasis , UrologyABSTRACT
The clinical observation on hematuria was done for outpatients who visited at the Department of Urology, Maryknoll Hospital in Busan between July, 1976 and June, 1978. The following results were obtained; 1. The total number of outpatients with hematuria was 636 cases (17.7%) 2. The ratio of asymptomatic hematuria against symptomatic hematuria was 1 to 6.4. 3. The commonest disease with asymptomatic hematuria was essential hematuria and that of symptomatic hematuria was cystitis and urethritis. 4. The commonest disease with gross hematuria against microscopic hematuria was 1 to 2. 6. Tumor of urinary tract were found in 5.8% of outpatients with hematuria. 7. Admission and suitable treatment were required in 203 cases (32%) of outpatients with hematuria.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cystitis , Hematuria , Outpatients , Urethritis , Urinary Tract , UrologyABSTRACT
A case of priapism who underwent corpus cavernosum-saphenous vein anastomosis is described here. The condition is not subsided by all management including sedation, heparinization, administration of enzymes, ice water enema, and local irrigation with normal saline containing heparin, but eventually cured by tire procedure of corpus cavernosum-saphenous vein anastomosis bilaterally.