ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The positions of the mandibular lingula and foramen have been set as indexes for inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block and ramus osteotomies in orthognathic surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the anatomical structures of mandibular ramus, especially the mandibular lingula and foramen, by analyzing the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data of young adults. METHODS: We evaluated 121 sides of hemi-mandibular CBCT model of 106 patients (51 male and 55 female patients; 18 to 36 years old). All the measurements were performed using the 2- and 3-dimensional rulers of OnDemand3D® software. RESULTS: Statistical analysis of the data revealed that there was no significant difference in the mandibular angle between the genders. The mandibular lingula was found to be located at the center of ramus in males, but a little posterior in relation to the center in females. The mandibular lingula was rarely located below the occlusal plane; however, the position of the mandibular foramen was more variable (84.3% below, 12.4% above, and 3.3% at the level of the occlusal plane). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provide a valuable guideline for IAN block anesthesia and orthognathic surgery. CBCT can be considered effective and accurate in evaluating the fine structures of the mandible.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Anesthesia , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Dental Occlusion , Mandible , Mandibular Nerve , Orthognathic Surgery , OsteotomyABSTRACT
0.05).CONCLUSION: The PRF-mixed group showed more bone formation than the porcine cancellousbonegroup (TS-GBB), butthere was a no significant difference. The PRF may not lead to enhanced bone healing when grafted with the porcine cancellous bone.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Bone Regeneration , Fibrin , Osteogenesis , Skull , Transplantation, Heterologous , TransplantsABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rabbits , Bone Marrow , Bone Regeneration , Calcium Phosphates , Fibrin , Osteogenesis , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Skull , TransplantsABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Abdominal Fat , Adipose Tissue , Adult Stem Cells , Alkaline Phosphatase , Anesthesia, Local , Biology , Bone and Bones , Bone Marrow , Bone Regeneration , Calcium , Durapatite , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Mice, Nude , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Osteoblasts , Osteocalcin , Osteocytes , Osteogenesis , Osteopontin , Stem Cells , Stromal CellsABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthesia, General , Cephalometry , Follow-Up Studies , Head , Joint Diseases , Joints , Korea , Mouth , Open Bite , Osteoarthritis , Prostheses and Implants , Temporomandibular JointABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Adipocytes , Adipose Tissue , Adult Stem Cells , Alkaline Phosphatase , Anesthesia, Local , Biology , Bone Marrow , Cell Count , Chondrocytes , Collagen Type I , Durapatite , Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein , Lipectomy , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Myoblasts , Osteoblasts , Osteocalcin , Osteocytes , Osteogenesis , Pluripotent Stem Cells , Stem Cells , Tissue EngineeringABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Blotting, Western , Fibroblasts , Heat-Shock Proteins , Heat-Shock Response , HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins , Immunohistochemistry , Osseointegration , Osteoblasts , Primary Cell Culture , Proteins , Staphylococcal Protein AABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Rats , Bone Regeneration , Brain , Connective Tissue , Extracellular Matrix , Fibronectins , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Mice, SCID , Mice, Transgenic , Models, Animal , Neurons , Osteoblasts , Osteogenesis , Publications , Stem Cells , Tissue DonorsABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Cadmium , Cell Line , Cell Line, Transformed , Cell Survival , Chromium , Heat-Shock Proteins , HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins , Ions , Molecular Chaperones , Osteoblasts , Osteogenesis , TitaniumABSTRACT
Bone grafts are widely used in the reconstruction of osseous defects in the oral and maxillofacial region. Autogenous bone grafts are considered the gold standard in grafting of the oral and maxillofacial region, because of its osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. Mandibular symphysis & ascending ramus bone graft have been used more frequently because of easy surgical access, reduced operative time, and following minimal morbidity. However, even though the frequent use of the anterior part of ascending ramus and the different regions of mandible, rare of the reports provide information about the quantity of bone available in this donor site. So this study was taken to evaluate & quantify the amount of bone graft material in the anterior ascending ramus regions. This study was made on 36 samples of CT image. In 3D volume image, imaginary osteotomy & segmentation were done and the dimensions and volume of the bone grafts were measured and evaluated. the average volume of the graft materials obtained from the ascending ramus was 3656.83+/-108.19mm3, and the average dimensions of graft materials were (33.68+/-0.48)x(34.92+/-0.51)x(15.96+/-0.27)x(9.05+/-0.27)mm.
Subject(s)
Humans , Autografts , Bone Transplantation , Mandible , Operative Time , Osteotomy , Tissue Donors , TransplantsABSTRACT
Estrogen may promote osteoblast/osteocyte viability by limiting apoptotic cell death. We hypothesize that hsp27 is an estrogen- regulated protein that can promote osteoblast viability by increasing osteoblast resistance to apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of estrogen treatment and heat shock on TNF alpha- induced apoptosis in the MC3T3-E1 cell line. Cells were treated with 0 - 100 nM 17betaestradiol (or ICI 182780) for 0 - 24 hours before heat shock. After recovery, apoptosis was induced by treatment with 0 - 10 ng/ml TNF alpha. Hsp levels were evaluated by Northern and Western analysis using hsp27, hsp47, hsp70c and hsp70i - specific reagents. Apoptosis was revealed by in situ labeling with Terminal Deoxyribonucleotide Transferase (TUNEL). A 5 - fold increase in hsp27 protein and mRNA was noted after 5 hours of treatment with 10 - 20 nM 17beta estradiol prior to heat shock. Increased abundance of hsp47, hsp70c or hsp70i was not observed. TUNEL indicated that estrogen treatment also reduced (50%) MC3T3-E1 cell susceptibility to TNF alpha-induced apoptosis. Treatment with hsp27-specific antisense oligonucleotides prevented hsp27 protein expression and abolished the protective effects of heat shock and estrogen treatment on TNF alpha-induced apoptosis. Hsp27 is a determinant of osteoblast apoptosis, and estrogen treatment increases hsp27 levels in cultured osteoblastic cells. Hsp27 contributes to the control of osteoblast apoptosis and may be manipulated by estrogenic or alternative pathways for the improvement of bone mass.
Subject(s)
Apoptosis , Cell Death , Cell Line , Estradiol , Estrogens , Hot Temperature , HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Indicators and Reagents , Oligonucleotides, Antisense , Osteoblasts , RNA, Messenger , Shock , Transferases , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Decompression , Dentigerous Cyst , Depression , Jaw , Paresthesia , Tooth , TractionABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Bone and Bones , Finite Element Analysis , Mandible , Osseointegration , OsteogenesisABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Dogs , Humans , Absorption , Bicuspid , Blood Platelets , Bone Density , Bone Development , Centrifugation , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Osteogenesis , Peri-Implantitis , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Transforming Growth Factor beta , TransplantsABSTRACT
Many chemical compopunds are converted into reactive electrophilic metabolites by the oxidative(Phase I) enzymes, which are mainly cytochrome P-450 enzyme(CYPs). Phase II conjugating enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferase(GST), usually act as inactivation of enzymes. Genetic polymorphisms have been found to be associated with increased susceptibility to cancer of the lung, bladder, breast and colorectal. Many of the poly-morphic genes of carcinogen metabolism show considerably different type of cancer among different ethnic groups as well as individuals within the same group. The aim of this study is (1) to establish the frequencies of genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and CYP1A1 in Korean oral squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), (2) to associate oral SCC with the risk of these genetic polymor-phisms. The genetic polymorphisms of the GSTM1 and the CYP1A1 genes among 50 Korean oral SCC were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction(PCR). The results suggest that the homozygote and the mutant type of CYP1A1 MspI polymorphisms may be associated with genetic susceptibility to oral SCC in Korean. A combination of the GSTM1 null type with the homozy-gote( m1/m1), and the mutant(m2/m2) type of CYP1A1 MspI polymorphisms showed a relatively high risk of oral SCC in Korean. In the smoking group, the GSTM1 wild genotype may be the high risk factor of oral SCC in Korean. These data coincide with the hypothesis which states that different susceptibility to cancer of genetic poly-morphisms exist among different ethnic group and different types of human cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Breast , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System , Ethnicity , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Glutathione Transferase , Glutathione , Homozygote , Lung Neoplasms , Metabolism , Polymorphism, Genetic , Risk Factors , Smoke , Smoking , Urinary BladderABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We examined the relationships between the root curvatures of the mandibular third molars and their locations on the mandible, so that it might be contributed to elucidate the origin of the formation and development of the Korean mandibular third molar and help many clinicians to treat the mandibular third molars. MATERIALS AND EMTHODS: Panoramic radiographs of 237 patients who had been treated at Korea University Ansan Hospital from March, 2000 to April, 2001 and had bilateral mandibular third molars were examined and analyzed. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between men and women (p < 0.05). But there were significantly fewer subjects with bilateral curved roots in bilateral third molars regardless of their status (p < 0.01) and were statistically significant differences between the groups with bilateral curved roots in the mandibular third molars with same status and with unilateral curved roots in the mandibular third molars with different status and between the groups with unilateral curved roots in the mandibular third molars with same status and with bilateral curved roots in the mandibular third molars with different status(p < 0.05). Subjects with bilateral curved roots in the mandibular third molars with bilateral partial impacted status and with bilateral curved roots in the mandibular third molars with bilateral complete eruption status were significantly fewer (p < 0.01) and subjects with the mandibular third molars with partial impacted and complete impacted status and with the mandibular third molars with complete erupted and partial impacted status had significantly fewer bilateral curved roots (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When we postulate that it is genetic and environmental factors that affect the root formation, it seems that environmental factors have more effects on the formation of the mandibular third molars than on that of the mandibular first and second molars.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Korea , Mandible , Molar , Molar, ThirdABSTRACT
One of the biggest clinical problems of osseointegrated implant prosthesis is the excessive stress caused by bite forces which are transfered directly into the bone through the osseointegrated implant fixtures. So several biodynamic problems occur when there is an excessive fatigue stress. The factors of stress distribution are the number, kind, position, arrangement of the implants, and the distance between the implants, and the kind, quality of superstructure prosthesis and connection type between the rest implant and the superstructure. Recently, a distal short additional implant, socalled rest implant, is employed to reduced the stresses in conventional cantilevered prostheses. This study was undertaken to analyze the stresses transfered by osseointegrated implant cantilevered prostheses depending upon the number and the position of implants, the presence of rest implant, and the type of their connection. Three dimensional finite element analysis was attempted using ANSIS ver. 5.3 program under IBM INDIGO computer. The results were as follows 1. The rest implant influenced on the pattern of stress distribution on the anterior area of the mandible and the superstructure. 2. In the group employing the rest implants, the fixed type of connection between the rest implant and the superstructure was more stable than the ball attachment type on the stress distribution. 3. In the group employing the ball attachment between the rest implant and the superstructure, the case with 4-implants(on canine, premolar) was little more stable than the case with 6-implants and the case with 4-implants (on incisor, premolar) on the stress distribution. 4. In the cantilevered group, the case with 4-implants(on incisor, premolar) and the case with 6-implants were more stable than the case with 4-implants (on canine, premolar) on the stress distribution. 5. In all of the group, the case with 6-implants and the fixed type of connection was the most stable and the case with 4-implants (on canine, premolar) was the most unstable on the stress distribution.
Subject(s)
Bite Force , Fatigue , Finite Element Analysis , Incisor , Indigo Carmine , Mandible , Prostheses and ImplantsABSTRACT
OR = 1mm). Serial lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken within 2 weeks preoperatively, within 1 week postoperatively and at a follow up period that ranged from 7 to 24 months postoperatively. All cephalometric radiographs were traced and digitized using the Quick ceph image Pro for analysis. And then, horizontal and vertical changes of reference points(B point, Pogonion, L1) were assessed by the linear measurements in millimeters on both axes. The results were as follows: 1. Mean horizontal relapses were 0.67+/-0.93mm (11%) at B point (P0.05). 3. The mean angular change of occlusal plane to SN was 0.24+/-1.19 (P>0.05) and that of mandibular plane to SN was 1.03+/-1.85 (P<0.05). 4. There was correlation between the extent of preoperative overbite and the postsurgical relapse at B point and Pogonion. 5. There was no correlation between the amount of surgically produced horizontal movement and the postoperative horizontal relapse at B point.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Dental Occlusion , Follow-Up Studies , Open Bite , Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus , Overbite , Recurrence , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
0.05) postoperatively. 3. In the facial index, hard tissue decreased(0.23+/-2.21%), but soft tissue increased(2.41+/-3.46%) with statistical significance. CONCLUSION: One of the main purpose of orthognathic surgery is to achieve facial esthetics and harmony. In order to fullfill this purpose, it is important to carry out a precise presurgical treatment planning by estimating the changes of frontal profile after surgery.