ABSTRACT
In the orbitozygomatic complex fracture, sensory impairment due to the damage of the infraorbital nerve is one of the most common symptom and complication. In this report, we have the assumption that surgical approach for rigid fixation method may have correlations to the damage and regeneration of the nerve. Among patients who had open reduction and internal fixation for unilateral orbitozygomatic complex fracture in our hospital from March 1997 to August 2000, we selected 40 cases. The pin-prick test and the 2-point discrimination test on the infraorbital nerve regions were done for testing the sensory impairments. Two different fracture classification methods were used in this research. First, Henderson's method was used. The results of preoperative test results showed that 17 patients out of 40 patients were abnormalities. More specifically, type IV patients had the highest sensory impairments. In a comparison of the approach methods, the patients who adopted both method showed higher tendency of recovery of sensory impairments. From these results, the degree of deviation in the fracture and the type of approach may be an important prognostic factor for the sensory impairments due to the orbitozygomatic complex fracture.
Subject(s)
Humans , Classification , Discrimination, Psychological , Regeneration , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to find the protective effects of garlic on the halogenated hydrocarbon induced hepatotoxicities, and the possible protection mechanisms involved. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats received garlic (0.5 %) or regular diet, for 4 weeks. This was followed by a single dose of corn oil (the controls), carbon tetrachloride (400mg/kg body weight) and trichloroethylene (2,000mg/kg body weight) being administered to each diet group. Blood samples were collected 24 hours following the administration, and the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities measured. The liver samples were studied for their cytochrome P450 and CYP2E1 contents, lipid peroxidation and histopathology. RESULTS: The results for the group receiving the 0.5 % garlic diet showed a slight decrease of CYP2E1 expression compared with the regular diet group. Carbon tetrachloride was significantly decreased the CYP2E1 contents in both the regular and garlic diet groups, but the trichloroethylene remained unchanged. Garlic did not decrease the lipid peroxidation of the liver in the control group, but attenuated the increase of lipid peroxidation caused by carbon tetrachloride. Garlic attenuated the increase of both the serum AST and ALT activities caused by carbon tetrachloride. The histopathological observations also showed that garlic attenuated centrilobular necrosis and vacuolar degenerative changes significantly in the carbon tetrachloride treated group. Conclusions : The results indicate that garlic attenuates the carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity, through the prevention of the metabolic activation and lipid peroxidation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Alanine Transaminase , Aspartate Aminotransferases , Biotransformation , Carbon Tetrachloride , Carbon , Corn Oil , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System , Diet , Garlic , Lipid Peroxidation , Liver , Necrosis , Protective Agents , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , TrichloroethyleneABSTRACT
Hemangiopericytoma is a rare kind of soft tissue tumor. It usually attacks adults without distinction of sex. In most cases, slowly enlarging mass is a chief complaint of patient and symptoms such as tenderness and pain are rare. It is known to frequently attack the lower extremity, especially thigh, pelvic fossa and retroperitoneum, and in rare cases, trunk and upper extremity. In this paper, we report a 47-ear-old female patient with primary orbital hemangiopericytoma in right upper eyelid. Before operation, we found oval-shaped tumor which had a vivid boundary, from the orbital CT and MRI. During the operation, we found an ovoid mass(about 2.6 X 2 X 1 cm) surrounded by a thin capsule on the upper eyelid medial portion. By H&E stain after operation, we found a "staghorn" configuration- haped blood vessel distribution. In an immunohistochemical stain test using factor VIII-related antigen, this tumor was not originated from endotheliumm, but from vessel. In Gomori's reticulin stain test, we confirmly diagnosed these tumor cells as hemangiopericytoma, since these cells were arranged around the vessel, surrounded by a reticulin fiber. She had no symptom of recurrence after operation. As hemangiopericytoma is not frequently developed in an orbital area, we report this case in this paper.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Blood Vessels , Eyelids , Hemangiopericytoma , Lower Extremity , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Orbit , Recurrence , Reticulin , Thigh , Upper Extremity , von Willebrand FactorABSTRACT
Isolated dorsal dislocation of the trapezoid is an unusual injury. In 1990 Ostroski found only 15 cases of dorsal dislocation of the trapezoid in the world literature. The trapezoid is a wedge-shaped bone with the larger dorsal and smaller volar surface area, and stabilized by strong palmar ligaments. Therefore the dislocation of the trapezoid is produced hy a violent force against the dorsum of the hand on a rigid object and often associated with other injuries of the hand. The diagnosis is often missed or delayed perhaps secondary to the difficulty in interpreting the X-ray if you have not kept in mind. Several therapeutic modalities are performed from the collected experience of the authors reporting this injury. A rare example of an isolated dorsal dislocation of the trapezoid bone is described.
Subject(s)
Diagnosis , Joint Dislocations , Hand , Ligaments , Trapezoid BoneABSTRACT
Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrom is characterized by the absence of the vagina and the uterus, the presence of apparently normal tubes and ovaries, feminine appearance, normal female secondary sexual characteristics, a normal 46, XX karyotypes, and a feminine psychosexual orientation. Absence of the vagina results from an embryological arrest in the development of the lower portion of the Mullerian system. Various methods of surgical treatment for the vaginal absence in this syndrom have been introduced but the ideal method to restore the original dimension and function of the normal vagina was not found. The two cases reviewed in this paper were all treated with modified McIndoe operation using full thickness skin grafts. Postoperatively both women were satisfied without complications, i,e. lack of skin graft, bleeding, urethrovaginal fistula, perforation of the rectum, rectovaginal fistula and significant vaginal stricture. This paper reveals the satisfactory results that were uniformly good.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Constriction, Pathologic , Fistula , Hemorrhage , Karyotype , Ovary , Rectovaginal Fistula , Rectum , Skin , Transplants , Uterus , VaginaABSTRACT
Mayer-Rokitansky-Kster-Hauser Syndrome is characterized by the absence of the vagina and uterus, the presence of apparently normal tubes and ovaries, feminine appeara-nce, normal female secondary sexual characteristics, a normal 46,XX karyotype, and a fem-inine psychosexual orientation. Various methods of surgical treatment have been introduced, but the ideal method is still not found. The two cases reviewed in this paper were all treated with McIndoe operation using full thickness skin graft. Both women were satisfied with vaginal depth and excellent result was achieved. We report two vaginoplasties in patients of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kster-Hauser Syndr- ome including a brief review of literature.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Karyotype , Ovary , Skin , Transplants , Uterus , VaginaABSTRACT
Smooth muscle cell, the main contractile-relaxing component of the corpora cavernosa, undergoes degenerative changes when the blood supply of the corpora cavernosa is disturbed and results in erectile dysfunction. Recently, the main cause of venogenic erectile dysfunction has also been reported to be a corporal veno-occulsive dysfunction that develops following the disturbance of physiologic relaxation of the smooth muscle cell of the corpora cavernosa by degenerative and fibrotic change. The outcome of corrective vascular surgeries for both the arteriogenic and venogenic impotence is not so promising so far. The ultrastructural changes of the corporeal smooth muscle cells in 21 arteriogenic, 3 venogenic and 11 diabetogenic impotent men together with 8 psychogenic impotent patients as a control group were compared each other to investigate the pathogenesis of the erectile dysfunction on morphologic basis and validity of the corrective vascular surgery for the vasculogenic impotence. The results were as follows 1. In the psychogenic impotence, the smooth muscle cells showed well preserved contractile filament and dense body. either evenly distributed or conglomated glycogen without thickening of the basal lamina. 2. In the arteriogenic impotence, nearly half of the cases we examined smooth muscle cells showed degenerative changes with thickening of the basal lamina in part, and showed a paucity or the dense bodies and contractile filaments, decreased glycogen comparing to the smooth muscle cells of the psychogenic impotence. 3. In the venogenic impotence, the smooth muscle cells showed marked atrophy and disorganization in addition the thickening of basal lamina. 4. Also in the diabetogenic impotence, the smooth muscle cells showed similar changes to those of the arteriogenic impotence and particularly the basal lamina was more remarkably thickened. It is concluded that the degenerative and fibrotic changes could be a primary. or secondary cause of the venogenic, arteriogenic and diabetogenic impotence, and therefore biopsy of the corpora may be considered to select proper patients before the corrective vascular surgeries and to enhance their success rates.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Atrophy , Basement Membrane , Biopsy , Erectile Dysfunction , Glycogen , Impotence, Vasculogenic , Muscle, Smooth , Myocytes, Smooth Muscle , RelaxationABSTRACT
No abstract available.
ABSTRACT
The vibration-induced reflexogenic erection (VIE), one of the physiologic erections, was compared with rigigram of the nocturnal penile erection ( NPE), another type of physiologic erection in 36 patients of erectile dysfunction ( psychogenic in 18, vasculogenic in 18). The efficacy of the VIE as a screening test was evaluated. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Among 32 patients with more than 40% of penile rigidity on rigigram of NPE, 14 (46%) were VIE-negative. Out of 18 patients with VIE-positive, none showed rigidity less than 40% on rigigram of NPE, but out of 18 patients with VIE-negative, 4 showed penile rigidity less than 40%, 7 showed that of 40-70% and 7 showed that more than 70% on rigigram of NPE. 2. Among 18 patients with psychogenic erectile dysfunction, there was none with penile rigidity less than 40% on rigigram of NPE but 5 showed VIE-negative. 3. Among 18 patients with vasculogenic erectile dysfunction, 4 (22% ) showed penile rigidity less than 40%, 9 (50%) showed that of 40-70%, 5(28%) showed that more than 70% on rigigram of NPE, and 13 (70% ) were VIE-negative. Therefore, VIE-positive means normal function of the local nerve system, neurotransmission and vascular system, and hence excludes the necessity of the NPE test, but it seems likely that VIE can not always take the place of NPE in VIE-negative patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Erectile Dysfunction , Mass Screening , Penile Erection , Synaptic TransmissionABSTRACT
Extragondal germ cell tumors are rare, which develop outside of the testes, but histologically identical to primary testicular germ cell tumors. There have been much interest and controversies about their etiology, definition, treatment and care of testes. We recently experienced a case of primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor in a 16-years-old male, who was cured by intensive chemotherapy and cytoreductive surgery. Herein we report the case with review of the literature.