ABSTRACT
Artificial intelligence is a concept that includes machine learning and artificial neural networks and is characterized by the rapid analysis of large-scale data based on fast computation of computers. Various medical studies have been reported to estimate the diagnosis and prognosis of specific diseases using artificial intelligence technology. Recently, many medical studies using a convolutional neural network, which is particularly useful for imaging recognition and analysis, have been reported. For various diseases in orthopedic surgery, including spinal diseases, imaging data, such as simple radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, are essential for determining the diagnosis and treatment of patients. Therefore, compared to other fields of medicine, there are many disease entities where artificial intelligence can be applied to the diagnosis and treatment of orthopedic diseases. With the increasing importance of medical informatics, the introduction of artificial intelligence by orthopedic surgeons will positively contribute to the development of medicine. This review outlines artificial intelligence and introduces studies using machine learning to diagnose and predict spinal diseases.