Renal Trauma in Abdominal and Thoracic Stab Injury: Comparison of Incidence and Degree of Injury According to the Stab Entrance Site / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and degree of renal injury, according to the site of entry in patients admitted with abdominal and thoracic stab injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between April 1991 and March 2002, 158 patients that were admitted to the departments of urology, and general and thoracic surgeries due to abdominal and thoracic stab injuries, with or without renal trauma, were included in this study. We reviewed our clinical records to clarify the frequency of renal trauma, associated intra-abdominal injuries, the risk of renal trauma, according to the site of entry, and their treatments. RESULTS: The overall incidence of renal trauma was 15% (24 of 158 patients), and one fourth of all the abdominal and thoracic stab injuries. There was a 75% frequency of associated intra-abdominal injuries, with small bowel, liver, colon and the chest being the most commonly injured organs. Of the 158 patients, 77 and 24 were related to abdominal and flank penetration, and of these 5 (6%) and 10 (42%) presented with renal trauma, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of renal trauma in the admitted patients with abdominal and thoracic stab injuries can be expected to have a probability of 15%, and when the entrance site is the flank or back, the risk of renal trauma may be increased.

The Significance of Estimation of Urine Leakage on Fluoroscopic Cystourethrography in Female Stress Urinary Incontinence: Correlation with Subjective Degree and Valsalva Leak Point Pressure

PURPOSE: To compare the estimated degree of urine leakage during straining on standing cystourethrography(CUG) under fluoroscopy with subjective degree and Valsalva leak point pressure(VLPP), and to determine it's clinical significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 157 consecutive women who presented with stress urinary incontinence with a mean age of 47 years were included in this study. Standing CUG was performed in the state of urethral catheter insertion and removal. Degree of urine leakage was determined on the fluoroscopy during standing CUG by one urologist, and VLPP was determined by another observer. Each of subjective degree, leakage amount and VLPP was classified into 3 grade and compared it's results to each other. RESULTS: High correlation was present between the leakage amount and VLPP(p<0.05), and the subjective degree and VLPP(p<0.001), but subjective degree was not highly correlated with leakage amount. Among the clinical parameters, urge syndrome and urge incontinence only had the positive effect to urine leakage. CONCLUSIONS: Estimation of leakage amount during standing CUG on fluoroscopy seems to be a simple and useful method in the objective evaluation of urine leakage, but it should be considered to be the possibility of over-estimation in the cases of associated urge syndrome and urge incontinence.