Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among Kuwaiti children and adolescents

To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among 6- to 18-year-old Kuwaiti children. Children with type 2 diabetes were identified at 182 schools [50 primary, 63 intermediate, and 69 secondary] randomly selected using the 2000/2001 educational districts' registers as a sampling frame. Prevalence rates were adjusted to the 2002 Kuwaiti population. Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes was based on the World Health Organization and the American Diabetes Association criteria. Type 2 diabetes was identified in 45 of the 128,918 children surveyed, thereby giving an overall prevalence of 34.9 per 100,000 [95% confidence interval [CI] 24.7-45.1]. There was a significant difference in prevalence between males [47.3, 95% CI 28.7-65.8] and females [26.3, 95% CI 14.8-37.8] at p = 0.05 and a significant trend for an increase in prevalence of type 2 diabetes with age [p = 0.026]. The overall age-adjusted prevalence rate in the 2002 Kuwaiti population was 33.2 [95% CI 26.6-39.9], 41.6 [95% CI 31.2-52.0] in male and 24.6 [95% CI 16.4-32.7] in female children; the difference was significant at p = 0.013. There was no significant difference in prevalence between regions. Children with type 2 diabetes had a significantly higher frequency [51.1%] of a positive family history of diabetes than children of a similar age without type 2 diabetes [22.2%] [p = 0.004]. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adult Kuwaitis is spreading to children and adolescents, making it an emergency public health problem. Efforts need to be initiated to address prevention strategies of type 2 diabetes in youth

Prevalence of type 1 diabetes among 6- to 18- year- old Kuwaiti children

To determine the prevalence of type 1 diabetes among 6- to 18-year-old Kuwaiti children according to gender, age, and region. Subjects and Children with type 1 diabetes aged 6-18 years were identified at 182 schools [50 primary, 63 intermediate, and 69 secondary] in Kuwait during the study period October 2000 to September 2002. Schools were randomly selected using the 2000/01 educational districts' registers as sampling frame proportional to the number of schools in each district. Prevalence rates were adjusted to the 2002 Kuwaiti population. Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was based on the World Health Organization, and the American Diabetes Association criteria. Prevalence of type 1 diabetes was 269.9 per 100,000 [95% confidence interval, CI 241.6-298.3]. There was no significant difference in prevalence between male [247.6, 95% CI 205.2-290.0] and female [285.5, 95% CI 247.5-323.5]. Type 1 diabetes was more prevalent in the age group 10-13 years [347.3], and lowest in the age group 6-9 years [182.6] per 100,000; the difference was significant at p < 0.001. The overall age-adjusted prevalence rate was 252.9 [95% CI 234.6-271.2], 229.1 [95% CI 204.6-253.6] in male and 277.4 [95% CI 250.0-304.7] in female children in the 2002 Kuwaiti population. The mean age at onset was 9.2, and 8.1 years in male and female children, respectively [p = 0.018]. There was no significant difference in prevalence between regions. Type 1 diabetes is a common chronic disease in Kuwaiti children