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【Objective】 To investigate the safety, feasibility and clinical efficacy of modified anterior robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) with preservation of Retzius space. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 10 patients who underwent RALRP using the modified anterior approach to preserve the Retzius space in our hospital during June 2021 and March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including the preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative and follow-up data. 【Results】 All operations were successful without conversion to open surgery. The average operation time (robotic arm operation time) was (98.6±47.7) min, blood loss (105.0±57.3) mL, postoperative drainage tube indwelling time (5.3±1.3) d, postoperative urinary catheter indwelling time (7.2±0.8) d, and postoperative hospital stay (9.2±2.2) d. Urinary continence was achieved immediately after removal of the urinary catheter in 6 patients, 2 patients recovered 2 weeks after extubation, and 2 patients recovered 3 months after extubation. Postoperative pathology showed pT2a stage in 1 case, pT2b stage in 2 cases, and pT2c stage in 7 cases; Gleason score was 6-7 points; all postoperative resection margins were negative. During the follow-up of 3-12 months, no tumor recurrence was observed, and no patient was readmitted due to surgical complications. 【Conclusion】 RALRP with modified anterior approach to preserve the Retzius space is safe and feasible, with no serious complications during and after surgery, and the early postoperative urinary continence effect is comparable to that of the posterior approach.
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Objective:To observe and analyze the macular choroidal thickness and choroidal blood perfusion (CBP) in eyes with idiopathic macular hole (IMH) and their correlation.Methods:A cross-sectional observational clinical study. From March 2019 to October 2021, 60 IMH patients with 60 eyes (IMH group) and 60 healthy volunteers with 60 eyes (control group) who consecutively visited Department of Ophthalmology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were included in the study. Among the 60 eyes in the IMH group, 8, 8, 15, and 29 eyes were at stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ, respectively. There was no significant difference in age, spherical equivalent power and axial length between the two groups ( t=1.327, 0.157, 0.542; P>0.05). The average macular choriodal thickness (AMCT) and CBP in different regions of the macular region of the examined eye were measured using a swept-frequency light source optical coherence tomography scanner. According to the zoning method for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, the choroid within 6 mm of the fovea was divided into 3 concentric circles with the fovea as the center. They are the central area with a diameter of 1 mm, the inner ring area of 1-3 mm, and the outer ring area of 3-6 mm; the inner ring area and the outer ring area were divided into 4 areas by 2 radiations respectively, including the upper part of the inner superior (IS), the lower part of the inner inferior (Ⅱ ), and the nasal side of the inner nasal (IN), inner temporal (IT), outer superior (OS), outer inferior (OI), outer nasal (ON), outer temporal (OT), a total of 9 regions. The distribution characteristics of AMCT and CBP in different regions were observed. The correlation between AMCT and CBP was analyzed by Pearson correlation; the correlation between AMCT, CBP and IMH stage was analyzed by Spearman correlation. Results:Compared with the eyes of the control group, the AMCT of the affected eyes in the IMH group was significantly thinner in all areas of the macula, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.378, 4.641, 2.888, 3.390, 3.575, 4.870, 4.077, 4.946, 4.578; P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the CBP in the OS and OT regions of the affected eyes in the IMH group was significantly lower, the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.424, 4.516; P<0.05). The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between AMCT and CBP in the OT region ( r=0.314, P<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between AMCT and IMH staging in each region ( r=0.375, 0.374, 0.289, 0.379, 0.441, 0.392, 0.303, 0.341, 0.292; P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between CBP and IMH staging in IN, OI and OT regions ( r=-0.138, -0.016, -0.221; P>0.05); CBP and IMH staging in other regions were significantly negatively correlated ( r=-0.560, -0.390,-0.819, -0.692, -0.329, -0.587; P<0.05). Conclusions:The choroidal thickness in the macular region of the eyes with IMH is significantly thinner than that of the normal subjects; there is choroidal hypoperfusion in local areas. There is a significant positive correlation between local regional AMCT and CBP; IMH stage is higher, the trend of AMCT in each region is thickening, and the CBP in most regions decrease.
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Objective:To observe and analyze the macular choroidal thickness and choroidal blood perfusion (CBP) in eyes with idiopathic macular hole (IMH) and their correlation.Methods:A cross-sectional observational clinical study. From March 2019 to October 2021, 60 IMH patients with 60 eyes (IMH group) and 60 healthy volunteers with 60 eyes (control group) who consecutively visited Department of Ophthalmology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were included in the study. Among the 60 eyes in the IMH group, 8, 8, 15, and 29 eyes were at stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ, respectively. There was no significant difference in age, spherical equivalent power and axial length between the two groups ( t=1.327, 0.157, 0.542; P>0.05). The average macular choriodal thickness (AMCT) and CBP in different regions of the macular region of the examined eye were measured using a swept-frequency light source optical coherence tomography scanner. According to the zoning method for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, the choroid within 6 mm of the fovea was divided into 3 concentric circles with the fovea as the center. They are the central area with a diameter of 1 mm, the inner ring area of 1-3 mm, and the outer ring area of 3-6 mm; the inner ring area and the outer ring area were divided into 4 areas by 2 radiations respectively, including the upper part of the inner superior (IS), the lower part of the inner inferior (Ⅱ ), and the nasal side of the inner nasal (IN), inner temporal (IT), outer superior (OS), outer inferior (OI), outer nasal (ON), outer temporal (OT), a total of 9 regions. The distribution characteristics of AMCT and CBP in different regions were observed. The correlation between AMCT and CBP was analyzed by Pearson correlation; the correlation between AMCT, CBP and IMH stage was analyzed by Spearman correlation. Results:Compared with the eyes of the control group, the AMCT of the affected eyes in the IMH group was significantly thinner in all areas of the macula, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.378, 4.641, 2.888, 3.390, 3.575, 4.870, 4.077, 4.946, 4.578; P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the CBP in the OS and OT regions of the affected eyes in the IMH group was significantly lower, the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.424, 4.516; P<0.05). The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between AMCT and CBP in the OT region ( r=0.314, P<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between AMCT and IMH staging in each region ( r=0.375, 0.374, 0.289, 0.379, 0.441, 0.392, 0.303, 0.341, 0.292; P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between CBP and IMH staging in IN, OI and OT regions ( r=-0.138, -0.016, -0.221; P>0.05); CBP and IMH staging in other regions were significantly negatively correlated ( r=-0.560, -0.390,-0.819, -0.692, -0.329, -0.587; P<0.05). Conclusions:The choroidal thickness in the macular region of the eyes with IMH is significantly thinner than that of the normal subjects; there is choroidal hypoperfusion in local areas. There is a significant positive correlation between local regional AMCT and CBP; IMH stage is higher, the trend of AMCT in each region is thickening, and the CBP in most regions decrease.
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Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intravitreal injection of different doses of aflibercept for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) with serous pigment epithelial detachment (PED) resistant to ranibizumab.Methods:A non-randomized controlled clinical study was conducted.Seventy-three eyes of 73 patients with PCV and serous PED resistant to ranibizumab were enrolled at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2019 to December 2020.All patients were treated by intravitreal injection of 2 mg or 4 mg aflibercept according to patients' willingness.2 mg aflibercept or 4 mg aflibercept was intravitreally injected monthly for three consecutive months following pro re nata (PRN) regimen in 2 mg aflibercept group (38 eyes) and 4 mg aflibercept group (35 eyes), respectively.PED height and central macular thickness (CMT) were measured by optical coherence tomography, and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was examined with a visual acuity chart and converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) unit before injection and 1 month, 2, 3, 6 months from the first injection.Intraocular pressure and treatment-related adverse events were recorded.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (No.2021-KY-1252).Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to entering study cohort.Results:Thirty-three patients (86.84%) in 2 mg aflibercept group and 30 patients (85.71%) in 4 mg aflibercept group finished the treatment and follow-up, respectively. The PED, BCVA and CMT before treatment and at the end of follow-up were (379.24±95.50) and (280.09±120.50)μm, 0.68±0.27 and 0.51±0.19, (393.96±100.81) and (291.70±44.09)μm in 2 mg aflibercept group, respectively, showing statistically significant differences (all at P<0.05).The PED, BCVA and CMT before treatment and at the end of follow-up were (393.07±93.76) and (278.63±145.07)μm, 0.66±0.31 and 0.48±0.22, (377.43±79.61) and (284.67±84.88)μm in 4 mg aflibercept group, respectively, with statistically significant differences (all at P<0.05).The CMT value in 4 mg aflibercept group was significantly lower than that in the 2 mg aflibercept group in one month after injection ( P<0.05).No severe ocular and systemic adverse events were found during the follow-up, such as retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, cataract, and persistent high intraocular pressure. Conclusions:Both 2 mg and 4 mg aflibercept can effectively treat ranibizumab-resistant PCV with serous PED, and improve the anatomical structure of retina and BCVA.4 mg aflibercept can accelerate the recovery of PED and CMT.
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MicroRNA-494 (miR-494) is a small non-coding RNA located in chromosome 14q32.31 and regulates post-transcriptional gene expression by promoting the degradation of its target mRNAs via binding to the 3' untranslated regions (3'UTR). It has been reported that miR-494 plays an important role in the occurrence, development and prognosis of various diseases. Several signaling pathways modulated by miR-494 including the PTEN/PI3K/AKT, nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD, and Wnt/β-catenin are associated with physiological regulation and pathological process in many diseases. The stably expression of miR-494 in the blood stream suggests its potential as a biological marker for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Based on recent research, we summarize the role and molecular mechanism of miR-494 in disease development and progression. We also discuss its potential as a marker for clinical diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases.
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MicroRNAs/metabolism , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism , Signal Transduction , Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolismABSTRACT
Objective@#To compare the efficiency of the target gene panel method and whole-exome sequencing (WES) in detecting idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH), and select a more suitable gene detection method.@*METHODS@#We selected 24 genes closely related to the molecular pathogenesis of IHH to make up the gene panel, detected the mutation sites in 73 patients with IHH using the panel method, and verified the results of sequencing with the Sanger method. Using the key words "idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism", we searched databases for relevant literature, calculated the positive rate of IHH detected by WES and compared it with that detected with the panel method.@*RESULTS@#Of the 73 cases of IHH detected with the panel method, 7 were found with pathogenic mutations, including 2 cases of FGFR1, 2 cases of CHD7, 2 cases of KISS1R, and 1 case of NR5A1 mutation. Sanger sequencing showed that the positive rate of the panel method was 9.7%. Of the 1 336 articles retrieved, 5 met the inclusion criteria and were included, in which WES revealed a positive rate of about 30%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#For detection of the diseases with clear mutated genes, the panel method is relatively inexpensive and has a high sequencing depth, while for detection of the diseases with complicated genetic patterns and unclear mutated genes, WES is more efficient. Further studies are needed for choice of the two methods for different purpose of detection./.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Hypogonadism/genetics , Exome SequencingABSTRACT
Objective To compare the clinical effects of of arterialized venous flap (AVF) with different perfusion strategies for repairing hand soft tissue defects. Methods Ninety-six patients with hand soft tissue defects from January 2015 to June 2018 in Gaozhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital were collected and randomly divided into two groups: the inverted group (48 patients) treated with anti-valve arterialized venous flap inverted anastomosis and the non-inverted group (48 patients) receiving pro-valve arterialized venous flap non-inverted anastomosis. The excellent and good rate of hand function recovery, flap survival rate,postoperative skin flap response degree and treatment satisfaction between two groups were compared. Results Compared with the inverted group, the flap survival rate in the non-inverted group increased significantly [97.9% (47/48) vs. 83.3% (40/48)], the proportion of mild flap response degree increased [45.8% (22/48) vs. 18.8% (9/48)], the proportion of severe flap response degree decreased significantly [12.5%(6/48) vs. 41.7%(20/48)], and the differences were statistically significant (χ2＝4.391, 7.032, 8.205, P < 0.05). The excellent and good rate of hand function recovery in inverted group and non-inverted group had no significant differences (χ2＝1.233, P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in satisfaction with the shape of skin flaps, finger function and donor site recovery between two groups(P＞0.05). Conclusions Compared with anti-valve arterialized venous flap inverted anastomosis, pro-valve arterialized venous flap non-inverted anastomosis on soft tissue defect repairment of hand can efficiently increase the survival rate of flap and improve the flap response degree after operation.
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Objective To introduce the technique and report our initial experience of transvesical robot assisted radical prostatectomy (TvRARP).Methods From April 2018 to August 2018,10 patients underwent TvRARP performed by a single surgical team were retrospectively reviewed.Preoperative data of patients [aged (58.6 ± 9.4) years,BMI (26.5 ± 3.1) kg/m2,tPSA (19.5 ± 4.1) ng/ml,biopsy Gleason score 6(6-7),prostate volume (33.4 ± 15.8) ml and IIEF-5 score 12 (10-16)] were collected.Preoperative study revealed 8 cases of cT1c,1 case of cT2a and 1 case of cT2b.All patients were continent preoperatively.During the surgical procedure,the bladder was opened,and a circumferential incision was then made around the internal urethral orifice.Initially,posterior dissection of bilateral vas deferens and seminal vesicles was performed,followed by posterior dissection towards apex.Lateral dissection of neurovascular bundles was performed before anterior dissection towards apex.The exposed urethra was transected and specimen was removed.Vesicourethral anastomosis and closure of bladder was performed in a standard way.Results All 10 cases were successfully performed robotically without conversion,transfusion or other major intraoperative or postoperative complications.Postoperative pathology confirmed 6 cases of pT2a,3 cases of pT2b and 1 case of pT2c [median Gleason score 6 (6-7)].One case was reported positive surgical margin.Operative time was (140.5 ± 35.5) mins.Estimated blood loss was (65.5 ± 35.5) ml.Urethral catheter was removed at 7 days postoperatively.Nine patients achieved urinary continence (0 pads) immediately after the removal of urinary catheter,while 1 patient returned to full continence at 2 weeks postoperatively.During a mean follow-up of 3 months (2-4 months),no biochemical recurrence was detected (tPSA ＜ 0.2 ng/ml).At 2 months postoperatively,IIEF-5 score was 11 (8-13) and no statistically difference was made compared with preoperative data (p ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Transvesical approach is a valid alternative of RARP in patients bearing localized low-risk prostate cancer.Tumor control and preservation of erectile function remains to be determined by long term follow-up.
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Objective To develop a set of methods for the culture and purification of astrocytes grown from explanted rat optic disc.Methods Rat optic disc and optic nerve were separated with anatomic microscopy and the blocks were cultivated primarily in culture flask with the medium containing DMEM/F-12.After digested by 2.5 g · L-1 trypsin,astrocytes were purified on the selective medium and passaged for two generations.Then cells were identified by immunofluorescent staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP),neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and Vimentin.Next,epidermal growth factor (EGF) was used to stimulate the purified cells for 24 h to observe their morphologic alteration.Finally,Western blot was used to detect the expression of GAFP,NCAM and Vimentin in the cells.Results When the tissue blocks were attached to the wall for 10 days,cells began to crawl out of the tissues and had different morphologies.After purified by the selective culture medium,satellite or anomalistic cells,possessing abundant cytoplasm,began to take a leading place.Immunofluorescent staining showed GFAP,NCAM and Vimentin were stained positively,and the purity of positive cells was above 90％.After stimulated by EGF,cells proliferated and the morphology changed;meanwhile,there was an increasing expression of GFAP,NCAM and Vimentin after stimulated by EGF when compared with the blank control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Highly-purified astrocytes can be achieved by the culture of explanted lamina cribiosa and optic disc of rats in vitro.
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Objective:To evaluate the the diagnostic and prognostic value of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen(pre-CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9(pre-CA19-9) in colorectal cancer.Methods:382 colorectal carcinoma patients were analyzed retrospectively,who come from Beijing Hospital between June 2008 and June 2011.The clinical and histopathologic data such as age,sex,location of tumor,depth of tumor(T),lymph node metastasis(N),stage,and preoperative serum levels of CEA and CA 19-9 and prognosis were obtained.Results:The positive rate of pre-CEA,pre-CA19-9 and joint detection were 42.9％,18.6％ and 48.4％ respectively.The elevation of pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 were significantly associated with depth of tumor,lymph node metastasis,perineural invasion,and stage (P＜0.05).Univariate analysis showed that the predictors of survival were the elevation of pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 (P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the elevation of pre-CA19-9 and TNM were independent prognosis factors (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 have diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer.Joint detection can increase the positive rate.Pre-CA19-9 was independent prognosis factors.
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BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious and catastrophic complication after hip or knee arthroplasty. With aging population increasing, more patients will undergo hip or knee arthroplasty. Studies have shown that the risk for PJI following arthroplasty is different in different populations. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk factors for PJI after hip or knee arthroplasty in Mainland of China through a meta-analysis, thereby providing reference for the prevention and control of postoperative PJI. METHODS: A computer-based search of WanFang, CNKI, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and Medline databases was performed and the literatures concerning the risk factors for PJI after hip or knee arthroplasty in Mainland of China published before September 2016 were collected by manual retrieval and retrospective approach. All the literatures were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by data extraction and analyzed on RESULTS AND CONLUSION: (1) Finally 14 literatures were included, including 417 patients with PJI. (2) The results of the meta-analysis showed that the risk factors for PJI after hip or knee arthroplasty including the complication of diabetic mellitus, long-term use of steroids, long operation time (> 90 minutes), age (> 65 years), and history of hip or knee Stata 12.0 software. surgery. (3) To conclude, PJI after hip or knee arthroplasty is related to multiple factors, so physicians should pay attention to these factors to reduce the incidence of PJI.
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Objective:To evaluate the the diagnostic and prognostic value of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen(pre-CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9(pre-CA19-9) in colorectal cancer.Methods:382 colorectal carcinoma patients were analyzed retrospectively,who come from Beijing Hospital between June 2008 and June 2011.The clinical and histopathologic data such as age,sex,location of tumor,depth of tumor(T),lymph node metastasis(N),stage,and preoperative serum levels of CEA and CA 19-9 and prognosis were obtained.Results:The positive rate of pre-CEA,pre-CA19-9 and joint detection were 42.9％,18.6％ and 48.4％ respectively.The elevation of pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 were significantly associated with depth of tumor,lymph node metastasis,perineural invasion,and stage (P＜0.05).Univariate analysis showed that the predictors of survival were the elevation of pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 (P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the elevation of pre-CA19-9 and TNM were independent prognosis factors (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 have diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer.Joint detection can increase the positive rate.Pre-CA19-9 was independent prognosis factors.
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Objective To introduce the technique and report our initial experience of Retziussparing robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) and compare perioperative outcomes with the standard veil of Aphrodite technique (Veil technique).Methods nineteen Retzius-sparing RALP and 20 Veil nerve sparing RALP with posterior reconstruction for T1c to T2c prostate cancer performed by a single surgical team between 2015 January and 2016 December were retrospectively reviewed.Preoperative data of patients in Retzius-sparing group [patient age (66.3 ± 5.9) years,BMI (25.5 ± 3.1) kg/m2,tPSA (16.4 ± 5.0) ng/ml,biopsy Gleason score 6 (5-7),prostate volume (32.7 ± 7.4) ml and IIEF-5 score 14(5-18)] and Veil group[patient age (64.6 ±7.3) years,BMI (25.5 ±2.0) kg/m2,tPSA (18.5 ± 11.0) ng/ml,biopsy Gleason score 7(5-8),prostate volume (31.4± 10.8)ml and IIEF-5 score 15(6-19)].No significant difference was found between the two group in the above parameters (all P ＞ 0.05).All patients were continent preoperatively.Retzius-sparing RALP and Veil nerve sparing RALP were performed via transperitoneal RALP.Operative time,estimated blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,postoperative staging,postoperative Gleason score,return of urinary continence and postoperative IIEF-5 score of the two groups were statistically analyzed.Results All 39 cases were successfully performed robotically without conversion,transfusion or other major intraoperative and postoperative complications.Postoperative pathology confirmed pT2a 5 cases,pT2b 8 cases and pT2c 6 cases in Retzius-sparing group and pT2a 7 cases,pT2b 5 cases and pT2c 8 cases in Veil group (all P ＞ 0.05).For Retzius group,operative time was (106.5 ± 26.4) min and estimated blood loss was (48.9 ± 20.2) ml;for Veil group,operative time was (93.2± 20.8) min and estimated blood loss was (42.5 ± 16.8) ml.No significant difference was found in the above parameters (all P ＞ 0.05).Urethral catheter was removed at postoperative 7-day (Retzius-sparing group) and 21-day (Veil group),respectively.18 patients in Retzius-sparing group achieved urinary continence (0 pads) immediately after the removal of urinary catheter,while 1 patient returned to full continence in 2 weeks postoperatively.Patients in Veil group returned to continence (6.8 ± 3.6) weeks postoperatively (P ＜ 0.001).At 3-month follow up,IIEF-5 score was 14 (4-16) in Retziussparing group and 14 (4-18) in Veil group;no significant changes was noted in preoperative and postoperative IIEF-5 score in both groups,or in postoperative IIEF-5 scores in the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).No sign of tumor recurrence was appreciated for all cases (tPSA ＜ 0.2 ng/ml) during follow-up of 6 months (3 to 12 months).Conclusions Retzius-sparing RALP and the Veil nerve sparing RALP were both effective for the surgical treatment of localized prostate cancer.Our data revealed no statistical difference in perioperative outcomes between the two approaches,however,the Retzius-sparing technique seemed to yield a better outcome regarding early return to urinary continence postoperatively.
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Objective To control residual DNA by optimizing methodology during the production of rabies vaccine using Vero cells as a vector .Methods The antigen recovery rate was assessed by linked immunosorbent assay-sandwich technique while the residual DNA was detected by DNA probe hybridization method .Antigen recovery and removal of DNA were the main indexes for evaluateing ultrafiltration , the vital part of rabies vaccine production .Three key factors in ultrafiltration were assessed: selection of membrane packages , ultrafiltration pressure and the concentration ratio .Then protamine was used to pretreat ultrafiltrates .Based on the two indicators mentioned above , the effect of protamine pretreat-ment on the ultrafiltrate was evaluated .Results and Conclusion The optimum condition of ultrafiltration was obtained on the basis of the general antigen recovery rate , DNA removal rate and actual production .The primary parameters of ultrafil-tration were as follows:7.5 ×105 ultrafiltration membrane packages, 20 times concentrated, 15 psi ultrafiltration pressure. After pretreatment with protamine , ultrafiltration has proved to be a molecular sieve in intercepting DNA ,while protamine can tangle the fragmented DNA and form a larger molecular segment , which is believed to be more conducive to ultrafiltra-tion interception .
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The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR) and the implantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on cardiac function of ischemic hearts in canines. The left anterior descending artery (LAD) was occluded to establish the canine model of acute myocardial infarct (AMI). Four weeks later, the animals were randomly divided into four groups: TMLR group, in which transmyocardial laser-induced channels were established at the ischemic region; EPCs+TMLR group, in which EPCs were locally transplanted into laser-induced channels at the ischemic region; EPCs group, in which the EPCs were injected into the ischemic region; control group, in which the AMI animals received neither TMLR nor EPCs. The peripheral blood (50 mL) was sampled in all groups. Mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood were separated and cultured to obtain spindle-shaped attaching (AT) cells in vitro. AT cells were labeled with 1, 1'-dioctadecyl-1 to 3,3, 3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) before injecting into the laser-induced channels or ischemic region. Four weeks after the first operation, TMLR was performed in the TMLR group and EPCs+TMLR group, and at the same time, the EPCs originating from the AT cells were mixed with calcium alginate (CA). Then the EPCs-CA composites were implanted into myocardial channels induced by laser in the EPCs+TMLR group, and into the myocardial infarct area in the EPCs group. All dogs underwent echocardiography at second month after LAD occlusion. Finally the samples of myocardium around the LAD were subjected to histochemical and immunohistologic examinations. The results showed there was no significant difference in the diameter of left atrium and ventricle before treatment among all groups (P>0.05). Eight weeks after modeling, the regional contractility in the LAD territory in the EPCs+TMLR group was increased as compared with control group and TMLR group, but there was no significant difference between control group and TMLR group. Neoangiogenesis was observed in the EPCs+TMLR group, and the fibrosis was seen in the TMLR group. There was no significant difference in neoangiogenesis around the channels induced by laser among EPCs+TMLR, EPCs and TMLR groups. It was concluded that TMLR combined with EPCs could improve the regional and global cardiac function in AMI, and augment neovascularizaiton in channels of ischemic myocardium induced by laser.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR) and the implantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on cardiac function of ischemic hearts in canines. The left anterior descending artery (LAD) was occluded to establish the canine model of acute myocardial infarct (AMI). Four weeks later, the animals were randomly divided into four groups: TMLR group, in which transmyocardial laser-induced channels were established at the ischemic region; EPCs+TMLR group, in which EPCs were locally transplanted into laser-induced channels at the ischemic region; EPCs group, in which the EPCs were injected into the ischemic region; control group, in which the AMI animals received neither TMLR nor EPCs. The peripheral blood (50 mL) was sampled in all groups. Mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood were separated and cultured to obtain spindle-shaped attaching (AT) cells in vitro. AT cells were labeled with 1, 1'-dioctadecyl-1 to 3,3, 3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) before injecting into the laser-induced channels or ischemic region. Four weeks after the first operation, TMLR was performed in the TMLR group and EPCs+TMLR group, and at the same time, the EPCs originating from the AT cells were mixed with calcium alginate (CA). Then the EPCs-CA composites were implanted into myocardial channels induced by laser in the EPCs+TMLR group, and into the myocardial infarct area in the EPCs group. All dogs underwent echocardiography at second month after LAD occlusion. Finally the samples of myocardium around the LAD were subjected to histochemical and immunohistologic examinations. The results showed there was no significant difference in the diameter of left atrium and ventricle before treatment among all groups (P>0.05). Eight weeks after modeling, the regional contractility in the LAD territory in the EPCs+TMLR group was increased as compared with control group and TMLR group, but there was no significant difference between control group and TMLR group. Neoangiogenesis was observed in the EPCs+TMLR group, and the fibrosis was seen in the TMLR group. There was no significant difference in neoangiogenesis around the channels induced by laser among EPCs+TMLR, EPCs and TMLR groups. It was concluded that TMLR combined with EPCs could improve the regional and global cardiac function in AMI, and augment neovascularizaiton in channels of ischemic myocardium induced by laser.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Humans , Coronary Circulation , Coronary Vessels , Pathology , General Surgery , Muscle Contraction , Physiology , Myocardial Ischemia , Pathology , Therapeutics , Myocardium , Pathology , Neovascularization, Physiologic , Physiology , Stem Cell Transplantation , Methods , Stem Cells , Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization , MethodsABSTRACT
Objective To study the mechanisms on drug susceptibility and resistance of clinically multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates,to provide information on related treatment.Methods The susceptibility of E.coli strains that isolated from different kinds of samples in the last 3 years on drugs was analyzed by agar dilution test,with strains that exhibiting resistances to cefotuxime,ciprofloxacin and amikacin simultaneously collected for further analysis.Resistant genes which mediate resistance to β-lactamases,fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside as well as phylogenic type were detected by PCR amplification while genetic relation was analyzed by PFGE.Transferability of resistant plasmids was identified by conjugation test.Results In total,137 multidrug-resistant E.coli isolates were collected.Only 1％ of the isolates exhibited resistance to both imipenem and meropenem while 4％ of the strains were resistant to piperacillin/tazobactam.Most (85％) of the isolates were positive to ESBL and majority of them produced CTX-M.Target substitution and production of methylases were the main mechanisms causing resistance to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides respectively.Conclusion The main source of clinical multidrug-resistance was collected from urine samples.Carbapenem and enzyme inhibitor-containing antibiotics seemed to be the available antibiotics that were sentitive to the clinically multidrug-resistant E.coli isolates.
ABSTRACT
To develop a HBV infection mouse model by hydrodynamic-based transfection and further to optimize the method of development of HBV infection mouse model. We first developed a construct which contained inverted terminal repeat elements (ITR) of adeno-associated virus (AAV) and 1. 3 copies of HBV genome (ayw subtype). The pAAV-HBV1. 3 DNA was then injected hydrodynamically into the tail veins of C57BL/6 mice in 5 seconds. The virus load in serum and liver was assayed by ELISA and Real-time PCR. The expression of virus antigen and the pathologic changes of liver were analyzed by HE and immunohistochemical staining. Meanwhile, to develop HBV transfected immunosuppressied mouse, mice were injected intraperitoneally triple with 0.2 ml dexamethason (50 mg/kg) every two days before HBV transfection. The levels of HBsAg and HBeAg were assayed by ELISA. Our data showed: (1) HBsAg and HBeAg were positive (100%) in serum and liver of experimental normal mouse at day 10 after HBV transfection, and became negative at day 30 and day 60. Meanwhile the viral load in serum and liver in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group at day 10, 30 and 60 after HBV transfection (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). (2) HBsAg and HBeAg in serum in immunosuppressed mouse model were positive until 60 days. In conclusion, a HBV infection mouse model was developed successfully by hydrodynamic-based transfection. By suppressing the immune status of mice injected with dexamethasone, the expression of HBV antigens was extended longer than that in normal adult mice. These models pave a way for HBV research and evaluation of HBV vaccine and drug development.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Mice , Dependovirus , Genetics , Metabolism , Dexamethasone , Allergy and Immunology , Disease Models, Animal , Gene Expression Regulation, Viral , Genetic Vectors , Genetics , Metabolism , Hepatitis B , Allergy and Immunology , Virology , Hepatitis B Antigens , Genetics , Metabolism , Hepatitis B virus , Genetics , Physiology , Immunosuppressive Agents , Allergy and Immunology , Liver , Allergy and Immunology , Virology , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Transfection , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss characters of proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw for treating type A1, A2, A3 of intertrochanteric fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We review 104 patients with intertrochanteic fractures, 33 patients were treated with proximal femoral nail (PFN), including 13 males and 20 females with an average age of 76 years (ranging from 63 to 87 years). 12 cases of type A1; 18 cases of type A2 and 3 cases of type A3; and 71 patients were treated with dynamic hip screw (DHS), including 29 males and 42 females with an average age of 74.5 years (ranging from 61 to 92 years), 32 cases of type A1, 34 cases of type A2 and 5 cases of type A3. Comparision in an average time of operations, the length of incision, blood loss, weight loading time and complications between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>An average time of operation was (51.5 +/- 4.4) min in PFN; (68.8 +/- 5.9) min in DHS. The length of incision was (9.6 +/- 0.9) cm in PFN; (15.5 +/- 1.5) cm in DHS. The blood loss was (179.0 +/- 12.9) ml in PFN; (269.3 +/- 40.0) ml in DHS. Varus collapse was none in PFN, 1 case in DHS. The collodiaphyseal angle of 7 cases decreased in DHS. Lateral hip pain caused by proximal screw removal was 6 cases in PEN.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The therapeutic effect of DHS and PEN was primitively same in treating type A1 of intertrochanteric fracture. Operative injuries of PFN were less than that of DHS and anti-tonia was more stronger which is more suitable for type A2 and A3 of intertrochateric fractures.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bone Nails , Bone Screws , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary , Methods , Hip Fractures , General Surgery , Postoperative Complications , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity of natural products from algae aiming at searching for new way for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Bromophenols derivatives from algae were screened against the PTP1B by the colorimetric assay with GST/PTP1B fusion protein. The Me2SO was distributed as the full enzyme activity, and Na3VO4 (IC50 2 micromol L(-1)) was distributed as the positive control. Inhibition rate was assayed and IC50 were calculated by LOGIT method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Three bromophenols from Rhodomela confervoides and Leathesia nana, 3, 4-dibromo-5-(methoxymethyl)-1, 2-benzenediol (1), 2-methyl-3-(2, 3-dibromo4, 5-dihydroxy)-propylaldehyde (2) and 3-(2, 3-dibromo-4, 5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-4-bromo-5, 6-dihydroxy-1, 3-dihydroiso-benzofuran (3) showed significant inhibitory activity against PTP1B. IC50 values were 3.4 +/- micromol L(-1), 4.5 micromol L(-1) and 2.8 micromol L(-1), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results prove that three bromophenol derivatives from algae with significant inhibitory activity against PTP1B were potential and effective therapeutic agents for treatment of T2DM and obesity.</p>