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AIM: To quantitatively evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the asymmetric recession of bilateral lateral rectus in patients with unilateral type III Duane retraction syndrome.METHOD:Retrospective analysis of clinical data. The clinical data of 12 cases of type III Duane retraction syndrome with unilateral lateral rectus recession were analyzed. All subjects had restricted internal rotation, with narrowing of the palpebral fissure and vertical deviation, and restricted external rotation with widening of the palpebral fissure. All patients had abnormal head positions. The degree of strabismus was measured while maintaining the head in a neutral position. Asymmetric recession of bilateral lateral rectus was selected based on the degree of strabismus of affected eye or 1～3mm longer, with a smaller recession and Y-splitting in the affected eye and a larger recession in the healthy eye.RESULT:The difference in the degree of strabismus in the healthy eyes before and after surgery was statistically significant(Z=-4.158, P<0.01), as was the difference in the degree of restricted internal rotation(Z=-2.640, P=0.008). The difference in the degree of restricted external rotation was not statistically significant(Z=-1.732, P=0.083). The difference in abnormal head position was statistically significant(Z=-4.181, P<0.01), while the difference in eyeball recession was not statistically significant(Z=-1.414, P=0.157). The difference in vertical deviation was statistically significant(Z=-3.115, P=0.002). A total of 10 patients(83%)had stereoscopic vision before surgery, and 11 patients(92%)had recovered stereoscopic vision after surgery, with a further improvement in stereoacuity in 50% of patients.CONCLUSION:Asymmetric recession of bilateral lateral rectus combined with Y-splitting of the affected lateral rectus can effectively improve the degree of strabismus, abnormal head position, vertical deviation and stereoacuity without aggravating the degree of restriction of external rotation or eyeball recession.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of a balanced model for early psychological crisis intervention on anxiety and depression in caregivers of the elderly. METHODS: A convenience sampling method was used to select 234 caregivers for the elderly as the study subjects. A random number table method was used to divide them into a control group(116) and an intervention group(118). The control group was given conventional psychological crisis intervention; the intervention group received a balanced model for early psychological crisis intervention on the basis of conventional psychological crisis intervention. The anxiety and depression scores of the two groups were investigated before and after the intervention using the Anxiety Self-Rating Scale and Depression Self-Rating Scale, respectively. RESULTS: The anxiety scores of the control group were(43.0±6.8) and(40.1±6.3), and the depression scores were(45.4±12.0) and(42.7±11.4), before and after the intervention, respectively. The pre-and post-intervention scores were(43.5±6.5) and(38.4±5.6) for anxiety and(46.9±6.0) and(39.8±5.6) for depression in the intervention group, respectively. Before the intervention, the anxiety and depression scores of the 2 groups were compared separately, and the difference was not statistically significant(all P>0.05). In the control group, only the anxiety score was lower than the pre-intervention score(P<0.01); in the intervention group, both the post-anxiety and post-depression scores were lower than the pre-intervention scores(all P<0.01). After the intervention, the anxiety and depression scores of the caregivers in the intervention group were lower than those of the control group, respectively(all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The balanced model for early psychological crisis intervention can effectively alleviate anxiety and depression in caregivers of the elderly.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of combination treatment with L-carnitine and 5-fluorouracil on the proliferation and cell apoptosis of gastric cancer MGC803 cells. METHODS: MGC803 cells were divided into control group, 5-fluorouracil group and the combination of L-carnitine and 5-fluorouracil group (L-carnitine +/→5-fluorouracil group) in vitro. The inhibitory rate of cells was measured by MTT assay. The apoptosis rate and cell cycle of cells were detected by FLOW. Western blot was used to analyzed the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, adenine nucleotide translocator1 (ANT1) and cleaved-PARP. RESULTS: Compared with 5-fluorouracil group, the inhibition rate of MGC803 cells was increased when cells were treated with the combination of L-carnitine and 5-fluorouracil. The apoptosis rate of cells was raised and the cells were blocked at S phase. In addition, the combination group can decrease the expression of Bcl-2 and increase the expression of Bax, ANT1 and cleaved-PARP. At the same time, the apoptosis rate of cells and the cell cycle were different with the different dosage regimen when treated with the combination. Compared with the L-carnitine + 5-fluorouracil group, the apoptosis rate of cells was increased to (24.17 ± 3.12)% from (19.60 ± 1.06)% (P < 0.05). The G0/G1 phase proportion of cells was decreased to (62.62 ± 1.04)% from (72.95 ± 0.91)%, and the S phase proportion of cells was increased to (37.35 ± 1.03)% from (27.05 ± 0.91)% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Treatment with L-carnitine and 5-fluorouracil could enhance the inhibitory effect of 5-fluorouracil on MGC803 cells. The possible mechanism of action is achieved by regulating the expression of Bcl-2 protein family and influencing the cell cycle.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of deguelin on the viability and apoptosis of Neuro-2A ( N2A) cells. Methods:The cell viability of N2A cells with the density of 5 × 104 ·ml-1 on the time points of 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after 1 × 10 -8 mol ·L-1 deguelin treatment using CCK-8 kits was determined, and that on the time point of 48 hours after 0, 1 × 10 -11 , 1 × 10 -10 , 1 × 10 -9 , 1 × 10 -8 , 1 × 10 -7 , 1 × 10 -6 or 5 × 10 -4 mol·L-1 deguelin treatment was also detected. The activity of caspase 3 was deter-mined in N2A cells treated by 2 × 10 -8 mol·L-1 deguelin for 24 hours. Results:N2A cells with the density of 5 × 104 ·ml-1 reached the peak level in the growth curve 48 hours after the incubation in DMEM medium with 10% fetal bovine serum. The cell viability of N2A cells was decreased after the treatment of 1 × 10 -8 mol·L-1 deguelin for 24-72 hours in a time-dependant manner or after the treatment of 1 × 10 -8 ~1 × 10 -6 mol·L-1 deguelin for 48 hours in a dose-dependant manner (P<0. 05) with IC50 of 1. 6 × 10 -8 mol ·L-1 . The activity of caspase 3 was increased after the treatment of 2 × 10 -8 mol·L-1 deguelin for 24 hours, which was 5. 6-fold of that in the control group. Conclusion: Cell viability of N2A cells is inhibited by deguelin in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which may be related to the activity increase of caspase 3.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the feasibility of chemoprevention of esophageal adenocarcinoma by celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) inhibitor using a rat model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were divided into 3 groups: model group, celecoxib group, and control group. The rat surgical model was established by performing a gastrojejunostomy plus an esophagojejunostomy 5 mm distal to the gastrojejunal anastomosis. Twenty-eight weeks after surgery, all the animals were sacrificed and the pathological changes in the esophagus were examined macroscopically. COX-2 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Prostaglandin E2(PGE2) level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma in the model group was 84% and 57% respectively, significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01). The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in the celecoxib-treated group was significantly lower than that in the model group(P<0.01), and no esophageal adenocarcinoma was detected in the control group. COX-2 expression was detected in 100% of reflux esophagitis, Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma, but not found in the normal tissue from the esophagus and the jejunum(P<0.01). The PGE2 level in the esophageal tissue in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01). Rats in the celecoxib-treated group had significantly lower PGE2 level than that in the model group(P<0.01). The PGE2 levels were significantly higher in rats with cancer than those without cancer(P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Celecoxib successfully prevents the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma in a rat surgical model with mixed reflux of acid and duodenal juice and significantly decreases the risk of Barrett esophagus developing esophageal adenocarcinoma. COX-2 maybe an effective selective target of chemoprevention for esophageal adenocarcinoma.</p>