Review of Brazilian Eriococcidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) with redescription of a Neotectococcus and two Acanthococcus species and description of a new species

Abstract The Eriococcidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha), are known as felt scales and a family with a worldwide distribution, represented by 33 genera and 92 species in the Neotropical region. Some of these species induce galls on their host plants. The aim of this study is to review and update all the information currently known about the biodiversity of Eriococcidae in Brazil and to redescribe and illustrate Acanthococcus lanatus (Hempel), Acanthococcus campinensis (Hempel) and Neotectococcus lenticularis Hempel because Hempel's original descriptions are very brief and he made no illustrations, and to describe a new species of Acanthococcus Signoret, Acanthococcus papaveroi González, Claps & Juárez sp. nov. A dichotomous key to the Acanthococcus species from Brazil is presented and an updated table of the Eriococcidae known from this country is included, with 34 species and 16 genera in total, each with distribution, host data and type depositories of each species.

Inter- and intra-observer agreement in the milch and weiss systems / Concordância inter e intraobservador dos sistemas milch e weiss

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to estimate the inter- and intra-observer agreement of the Weiss and Milch classification systems in radiological studies of fractures of the lateral humeral condyle in pediatric patients. Methods: An agreement study was performed with non-probability sampling of consecutive cases with a sample size of a hundred radiological studies, which were evaluated by three experienced orthopedic surgeons and three resident physicians; following a thorough comparison of both inter- and intra-observer agreements over a six-week period based on the Fleiss' kappa, which was used to determine the inter- and intra-observer agreement rates of both classifications. Results: The overall reliability of the entire group of evaluators for the Milch classification in the inter-observer evaluation was κ = 0.13, 95% CI, 0.08-0.18, and the intra-observer evaluation was κ = 0.08, 95% CI, 0.06-0.11. For the Weiss classification, the overall evaluation had an inter-observer agreement of κ = 0.53, 95% CI, 0.50-0.57, and an intra-observer agreement of κ = 0.22, 95% CI, 0.20 −0.24. Conclusion: In the present study, the Weiss classification system demonstrated greater agreement than the Milch classification; however, the latter may require complementary studies, such as an arthrography to enhance classification accuracy. Level of Evidence II, Diagnostic Studies - Investigating Diagnostic Examination.

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo visa estimar a concordância intra e interobservador da classificação de Weiss e Milch, em estudos radiológicos de pacientes pediátricos com fratura da parte lateral do côndilo do úmero. Métodos: Estudo de concordância realizado com amostragem não probabilística de casos consecutivos com amostra de cem estudos radiológicos que foram avaliados por três observadores especialistas e por três médicos residentes; depois de uma comparação completa da concordância inter e intraobservador durante seis semanas, com base no kappa de Fleiss, que foi usado para determinar a concordância inter e intraobservador das duas classificações. Resultados: A confiabilidade global de todo o grupo de avaliadores da classificação de Milch na avaliação interobservador foi κ = 0,13, IC 95% 0,08-0,18 e intraobservador foi κ = 0,08, IC 95% 0,06-0,11. A avaliação geral da classificação de Weiss obteve concordância interobservador de κ = 0,53, IC 95% 0,50-0,57 e intraobservador de κ = 0,22, IC 95% 0,20-0,24. Conclusão: No presente estudo, o sistema de classificação de Weiss mostrou concordância maior do que a classificação Milch; contudo, esta última pode exigir estudos complementares, como artrografia, para ampliar a acurácia da classificação. Nível de Evidência II, Estudos Diagnósticos - Investigação de um Exame para Diagnóstico.