ABSTRACT
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic， progressive and irreversible interstitial lung disease. At present， there is no specific drug for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis， and many TCM monomers have potential therapeutic value for pulmonary fibrosis， among which flavonoids are the main representative. For example， total flavones of Astragalus memeranaceus and scutellarin can reduce inflammatory cell infiltration， lung injury and extracellular matrix （ECM） deposition by interfering with transforming growth factor-β1/drosophila MAD protein signaling pathway. Total flavonoids of Oxytropis falcata Bunge and salidroside can inhibit lung inflammation by mediating JAK/signal transduction and transcriptional activator signaling pathway， and prevent the epithelial interstitial transition （EMT） process. Quercetin and Ginkgo biloba leaf extract can reduce the apoptosis of macrophages by inhibiting the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway and play an anti-pulmonary fibrosis role. Urushetin and proanthocyanidins can promote the morphological recovery of myofibroblasts and reduce ECM deposition through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target protein of rapamycin signaling pathway. Naringin and luteolin can inhibit scorch death of macrophage and inflammation response， and improve lung function and lung tissue injury through NOD-like receptor heat protein domain related protein 3 signaling pathway. The ethanol extract of Phyllanthus emblica and calycosin can improve the inflammatory injury and fibrosis of lung tissue by activating the signaling pathway of nuclear transcription factor erythro2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element. Isogliquiritin can inhibit the phenotypic transformation of epithelial cells and reverse EMT progression by inhibiting extracellular signal-regulating kinase signaling pathway. In the future， scholars should consider developing appropriate drug carriers to improve their bioavailability and further study drug targets and pathways， to provide evidence for the development of traditional Chinese medicine monomers of flavonoids into clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
Complex clinical situation requires healthcare providers to be able to perceive, un-derstand and predict the situation changes correctly, namely they need situation awareness. Good clin-ical situational awareness can help clinical decision-making and cooperation, which is critical to im-proving the quality of healthcare. Therefore this review aims to summarize the meaning, applications, status and influence factors, measurements and training of clinical situation awareness, to provide evidence for training and improving clinical situation awareness.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the clinical significance of serum HGF level changes in gastric cancer pa-tients. Methods 60 cases of patients who operatied and clinicopathological confirmed gastric cancer, were detected serum HGF level by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) .40 cases were administered radical gastrectomy,20 cases of patients who had distant metastasis and loss operative chance were detected 7 days and 3 months preopera-tive,postoperative serum HGF level respectively. At the same time 40 cases of chronic gastritis patients and 40 cases of healthy examination people were selected as control group. Results Serum HGF level in patients with gastric canc-er was significantly higher than that of chronic gastritis and normal controls(P <0. 01). The serum HGF level of pa-tients with tumor vascular invasion significantly increased(P <0. 05). The patients with lymph node metastasis,serum HGF level was significantly higher than that patients with no lymph node metastasis(P <0. 05). The serum HGF level of patients with liver metastasis was significantly higher than that patients with no liver metastasis(P <0. 05). The se-rum HGF level of gastric cancer patients whose maximum diameter of the tumor ≥3cm were significantly higher than that maximum diameter of the tumor <3cm(P<0. 05). According to TNM staging of gastric cancer,the serum HGF level of Ⅰ phase and Ⅱ phase patients were significantly lower than that Ⅲ phase and Ⅳ phase patients(P <0.05).The serum HGF level of gastric cancer patients had no significant correlation with sex ,age and histological type(P <0.05). The serum HGF level of 40 cases of patients who were 1 week after surgery were significantly decreased,the patients who were 3 months after surgery were more obvious(P <0. 05 and P <0. 001). Conclusion HGF may play an important role in gastric cancer occurrence and development. The detection of serum HGF level can become an im-portant index for monitoring the degree of gastric cancer and prognosis of patients.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo evaluate surgical management of femoral pseudoaneurysm caused by injection of addictive drugs.MethedsData of 18 cases were reviewed and analysed retrospectively.13 patients underwent primary expanded polytetrafluoroethylene(ePTFE) external iliofemoral bypass (end to side) grafting. Postoperative anastomotic burst and bleeding in one of the 3 patients undergoing saphenous vein autotransplant in situ was successfully treated by ePTFE grafting. Results All of the grafts were patent as demonstrated by postoperative color Dopler ultrasonography. Although 2 patients had their femoral arteries ligated, limbs of all the 18 patients were salvaged.ConclusionsWhen a suitable saphenous vein is not available for autotransplantation, an artificial vessel grafting is still an effective procedure for managing femoral artery false aneurysm.During operation thorough debridement and avoidance of artificial vessel contamination are the most important factors for preventing infective complications of the graft.