ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of nonionic contrast agent, CT, in intravenous enhanced scan. Methods 84 cases of patients with CT venous enhancement scanning were admitted in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2016, ioversol dosage is 80~100 mL, the injection speed is 3~6 mL/s, both in the scan and enhanced scan before 2 h, immediately after scanning after 1 h, 48 h to record vital signs, observation of the injection site, ECG, enhanced scan in the 2 h before and after 48 h enhancement scanning, blood biochemical examination and renal function tests, and immediately, in enhanced scan and scan after scan after 15 min, 1 h and 48 h in different time periods of adverse reactions were observed and recorded. Results The excellent rate of systemic tolerance was 100%, 7 cases had flushing and thermal sensation, accounting for 8.3%. Slight adverse reactions occurred in 1 cases, accounting for 1.2%. No moderate or severe adverse reactions occurred. Conclusion The use of non-ionic contrast agent CT in intravenous enhanced scan, low adverse reaction rate, high safety, and has a very important application value.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of nonionic contrast agent, CT, in intravenous enhanced scan. Methods 84 cases of patients with CT venous enhancement scanning were admitted in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2016, ioversol dosage is 80~100 mL, the injection speed is 3~6 mL/s, both in the scan and enhanced scan before 2 h, immediately after scanning after 1 h, 48 h to record vital signs, observation of the injection site, ECG, enhanced scan in the 2 h before and after 48 h enhancement scanning, blood biochemical examination and renal function tests, and immediately, in enhanced scan and scan after scan after 15 min, 1 h and 48 h in different time periods of adverse reactions were observed and recorded. Results The excellent rate of systemic tolerance was 100%, 7 cases had flushing and thermal sensation, accounting for 8.3%. Slight adverse reactions occurred in 1 cases, accounting for 1.2%. No moderate or severe adverse reactions occurred. Conclusion The use of non-ionic contrast agent CT in intravenous enhanced scan, low adverse reaction rate, high safety, and has a very important application value.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reconstruct a finite element model of human middle ear and measure characteristic dimensions of this model and calculate the mass properties of the ossicles.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The proposed method starts with the histologic section preparation of human temporal bone. Through tracing outlines of the middle ear components on the sections in AutoCAD2005, a set of exterior contours of the components is obtained. The three-dimensional solid model of middle ear, including tympanic membrane, ossicular bones, middle ear suspensory ligaments/muscles, are reconstructed using these contours in Unigraphics (UG). To prepare for finite element analysis (FEA) of the middle ear, all surfaces of the solid model are translated into ADINA, a commercial FE model package. Based on these surfaces, FE meshes of the middle ear are created, and material properties and boundaries are set up. The characteristic dimensions of this model are measured and the mass properties of the ossicles are calculated to confirm the accuracy of the geometric model constructed following the proposed method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The three-dimensional finite element model of the human middle ear that included tympanic membrane, ossicular bones and middle ear suspensory ligaments/muscles was reconstructed. The accuracy of this geometric model was confirmed with the outcome of the characteristic dimensions of this model and the mass properties of the ossicles.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The proposed method not only provides an effective, convenient, economic, accurate way to reconstruct the three dimensional finite element model of human middle, but also provides a detailed knowledge of middle ear geometry that is required for finite element analysis.</p>