Epidemiological features of polycystic ovary syndrome / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common metabolic dysfunction and heterogeneous endocrine disorder.Epidemiological reports on the prevalence and clinical symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome in different countries and regions are different.This paper reviews studies of epidemiological features of poly⁃cystic ovary syndrome and expound them.

Correlation of the second to fourth digit ratio with the body mass index of infertile men / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between the second to the fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and body mass index (BMI) in infertile men of the Han ethnic group in Ningxia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using anthropometry, we calculated the mean ratio of 2D:4D and BMI of 197 infertile men and 148 normal healthy male controls, followed by analysis of their relationship.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The BMI was correlated positively with the 2D:4D ratio of the left hand in the infertile men (P < 0.05) and in the patients with a higher 2D:4D ratio of the left hand (P < 0.05), but negatively with the 2D:4D ratio of the righ/left (Dr-1) (left: P < 0.01; Dr-l: P < 0.05). The mean 2D: 4D ratio and BMI were both lower in the normal control than in the infertile men, with statistically significant differences in BMI (P < 0.05) and the 2D:4D ratio of the left hand (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is a correlation between the 2D:4D ratio and BMI in infertile men.</p>

Digit length ratio and male fertility among infertile patients in Ningxia / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between the digit length ratio (DLR) and male fertility in Ningxia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using an electronic sliding caliper, we measured the lengths of the index finger (D2), middle finger (D3), ring finger (D4) and little finger (D5) of both the right and left hand of 136 infertile males in Ningxia, 45 of them with normal and the other 91 with abnormal semen, including 28 cases of oligozoospermia, 10 cases of obstructive azoospermia (OA) and 53 cases of nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). We calculated the DLRs of D2:D3, D2:D4, D2:D5, D3:D4, D3:D5 and D4:D5 and compared them among different groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean values of FLR presented a pattern of D2:D3 < D2:D4 < D3:D4 < D2:D5 < D4:D5 in the infertile males. DLRs of D2:D3, D2:D4, D2:D5, D3:D5 and D4:D5 of the right hand were significantly higher in the abnormal than in the normal semen group (t = 2.56, 2.48, 3.57, 2.85, 2.53; P < 0.05); those of D2:D3, D2:D4, D2:D5 and D4:D5 of the right hand presented a pattern of NOA > oligozoospermia > OA > normal semen group, while that of D3:D5 presented a pattern of NOA > OA > oligozoospermia > normal semen group. The NOA group showed a significantly higher DLR of the right hand than the normal semen group in D2:D3, D2:D4, D3:D5 and D4:D5, the oligozoospermia group in D2:D4, D3:D5 and D4:D5, and the OA group in D2:D3 (P < 0.05). The D4:D5 DLR of the right hand was remarkably higher in the Han than in the Hui ethnic group (t = 2.01, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Higher DLRs of D2:D3, D2:D4, D2:D5, D3:D5 and D4:D5 of the right hand were associated with lower fertility in infertile males in Ningxia. And the D4:D5 FLRs of the right hand may be different between Hui and Han infertile men in Ningxia.</p>

Effects of control-releasing arsenic trioxide-eluting stent on intimal smooth muscle cells and type III collagen in canine coronary artery post-stent model / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the safety and efficacy of control-releasing arsenic trioxide (As2O3)-eluting stent on intimal smooth muscle cells (SMC) and type III collagen (CIII) in canine coronary artery post-stent model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four experimental canines were equally divided into 4 groups, the three tested groups were deployed by stents with different dosage of As2O3 (1.6 microg/mm2, 2.4 microg/mm2 and 3.2 microg/mm2 in low, median and high dose groups, respectively) and coated with polybutyl methacrylate/nano silica and poly-lactide-coglycolide in mild oversizing (stent/vessel ratio of 1.3:1) in left anterior descending (LAD) or circumflex coronary arteries (LCX), while the control group only by simple coated stent without As2O3. The effect was assessed 4 weeks after stent implantation in terms of vascular histomorphology, and changes of SMC and C III expressions were detected using immunohistochemical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Subintimal hemorrhage, medial/adventitial necrosis, thrombosis and inflammatory cell infiltration were not found and integral endothelium could be seen under screening electron microscopy in all groups. Positive expression of SMC and CIII in the tested groups, especial in the high dose As2O3 group, was more weaker than that in control group. Histo-morphological analysis showed that the neo-genetic intimal area and vascular stenosis were lower, but the mean luminal diameter was larger in the three tested groups than that in the control group (P < 0.01). Comparisons of various indices between tested groups treated by different doses of As2O3 showed that the difference between high/median dose vs. low dose was significant (P < 0.01), but that between high dose vs. median dose was insignificant (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Control-releasing As2O3-eluting stent shows a reliable and safe effect in preventing and treating post-stent restenosis by its dose-dependent inhibition on expressions of SMC and CIII to suppress the neo-genesis of intimal hyperplasia.</p>

Effect of zedoary turmeric oil-eluting stents for post-stenting restenosis prevention and treatment / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect and safety of Zedoary Turmeric Oil (ZTO)-eluting stents for post-coronary stenting restenosis prevention and treatment in the experimental dogs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bare stents, stents coated with polybutyl methacrylate/Nano silica, and stents eluted with 100 microg ZTO were randomly deployed in canine anterior descending or circumflex coronary artery. Four weeks after stent implantation, the dogs were sacrificed and the vascular histomorphologic changes in the stenting segment analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thickened intima could be seen under light microscope in the bare or coated stents, but thinner in ZTO-duting stent, with no sub-intimal hemorrhage, medial or adventitial necrosis, wall adhesive thrombus, or infiltration of inflammatory cells. Scanning electric microscopy showed the intima was intact. Histomorphologic analysis showed that the thickness and area of neo-intima, and the lumen stenosis percent in artery stented with ZTO eluting stents were significantly lower than those stented with bare or coated stents (P <0.01), and thus the lumen cavity was expanded (P < 0.01), while no statistic significant difference between polymer and bare stents was found (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ZTO-eluting stent is available and safe, and it could significantly inhibit the growth of neo-intimal in canine coronary mode after stenting, showing a restenosis preventive and treatment effect.</p>

Effect of early and non-early controlled-release of arsenic-trioxide eluting stents on restenosis inhibition in a canine model / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the safety and efficacy of early or non-early controlled-release arsenic-trioxide (As(2)O(3))-eluting stents on reducing in-stent neointimal hyperplasia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bare stents, stents coated with polybutyl methacrylate/Nano silica (containing 200 microg of As(2)O(3) per stent or not), stents coated with polybutyl methacrylate/Nano silica inside (containing 200 microg of As(2)O(3) per stent or not) and poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) outside were deployed with mild oversizing in left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex coronary arteries (LCX)of 30 canines (n = 6, 12 stents for each group).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean injury scores were similar in all groups at 4 weeks post stents implantation while the mean neointimal thickness, neointimal area and degree of stenosis were significantly reduced and the lumen area significantly increased in canines receiving single coating stents containing As(2)O(3) compared with single or double coating stents and bare stents groups (all P < 0.01). These effects were further enhanced in canines implanted with double coating stents containing As(2)O(3) (all P < 0.01 vs. single coating stents containing As(2)O(3)). No intraintimal hemorrhage, medial and adventitial necrosis, aneurysm, thrombosis, inflammatory cells infiltration were observed in all stenting groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Controlled-release As(2)O(3)-eluting stents resulted in a significant inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia in the canine coronary arteries 4 weeks after stents implantation and the effects is more significant with controlled-release of As(2)O(3) at non-early stage than that at early stage.</p>

Study on the (TAAAA)n repeat polymorphism in sex hormone-binding globulin gene and the SHBG serum levels in putative association with the glucose metabolic status of Chinese patients suffering from polycystic ovarian syndrome in Shandong province / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship of (TAAAA)n repeat polymorphism in the promoter of the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) gene and SHBG serum levels to the glucose metabolic status of Chinese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients in Shandong province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>GeneScan method was used to detect and identify (TAAAA)n repeat number (alleles) and genotypes for 156 controls and 157 patients who were divided into normal glucose tolerance without hyperinsulinemia (NIR group) and with hyperinsulinemia (HI group) and abnormal glucose metabolic (AGM) group according to the results of oral glucose test and insulin resistant test; IRMA was used to measure serum SHBG for part of them.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five alleles containing (TAAAA) 6-10 repeats and 14 genotypes including 6/6, 6/7, 6/8, 6/9, 6/10, 7/7, 7/8, 7/9, 7/10, 8/8, 8/9, 8/10, 9/9, 9/10 repeats genotypes were present in the subjects. Genotype distribution of 6/10 repeats genotype is lower in PCOS than that in control, and 8/9 repeats genotype vice versa (P < 0.01); among PCOS subgroups, the eight repeat genotypes in NIR group is more frequent than that in HI group (P < 0.01), and 7/9 genotype distribution in AGM group is higher than that in NIR group and HI group(P < 0.05-0.01). The serum SHBG levels in homozygous genotype groups exhibit a sequence of 8/8 > 9/9 > 6/6, 7/7 repeats and the fall of serum SHBG trend is in reversed relation with the increase in body mass index (BMI), Homa-IR, and blood pressure. Serum SHBG levels in AGM exhibit a sequence of HI group < NIR group < control but show no statistical difference between both groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study reveals that the repeat number, alleles, genotypes and their distributions in Chinese women are very different from these in foreigners. Some special genotypes and low serum SHBG levels may be associated with PCOS and its glucose metabolic status; some special genotypes may influence Chinese serum SHBG and need more studies, but both SHBG gene polymorphism genotype and serum SHBG are not good indicators to find out the PCOS individual at high risk.</p>

Investigation of body hair assessment of Chinese women in Shandong region and its preliminary application in polycystic ovary syndrome patients / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To determine a suitable standard of hirsutism for Chinese polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)patients living in Shandong region.Methods A total of 623 unbiased women from the general population in Jinan city,131 PCOS patients and 84 controls from outpatients in Shandong region were studied with questionnaires,physical and pelvic ultrasound examination,body hair on 11 sites were evaluated,and 9(lip,chin,arm,thigh,chest,upperbelly,lowerbelly,upperback,lowback)of them which were called hormone Ferriman-Gallwey(F-G)score and 2(forearm,leg)sites of indifferent hormone score were calculated according to the score system described by Ferriman and Gallwey.Results(1)Both body hair F-G score and indifferent hormone score distribution mode in the≤40 years old population were un-normal and both the 95th percentages of score were 2.(2)The hirsutism was significantly higher in PCOS patients[48.1%(63/131)]than in controls[4.8%(4/84)]by F-G score≥2(X~2=47.68,P