ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the prevalent characteristics in children with hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in the Kunming area in 2010.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 13286 outpatient and inpatient children with HFMD in Kunming Children's Hospital between January and December, 2010, including 8 death cases, 715 serious cases and 12563 non-serious cases, were retrospectively studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Human enterovirus was detected in 8200 children (61.72%). Children infected with EV71 and CoxA16 accounted for 29.49% (2418/8200) and 53.21% (4363/8200), respectively. Seventy-five children (0.91%) were found to have a mixed infection of the two viruses. Other types of human enterovirus were detected in 1344 children (16.39%). There were significant differences in the total positive rate of human enterovirus in the four quarters of the year (P<0.01). The total positive rate in the second quarter represented the highest proportion (71.56%), and the number of patients was also highest, accounting for 52.94% of the total number of patients in the whole year. EV71 infection was common in the serious case group while CoxA16 was found to be the main pathogen in the non-serious case group. Serious cases were common in children under three years old. In the positive EV71 cases, the viral load of EV71 was not statistically different between the death cases, serious and non-serious cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In 2010, children with HFMD in the Kunming area were mainly infected with CoxA16. Serious cases of HFMD were more common in those who were infected with EV71, and the majority of serious infections were suffered by children who were less than three years old. The viral load was not associated with disease severity. The highest morbidity rate was in the second quarter of the year.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , China , Epidemiology , Enterovirus A, Human , Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease , Epidemiology , Virology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Seasons , Time FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the types and frequency of gene mutations in children with thalassemia in Kunming, Yunan Province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A biochemical screening for thalassemia was performed by testing RBC fragility, MCV and hemoglobin electrophoresis on 1338 children from Kunming, Yunnan Province. Genetic diagnosis was performed on the children with α-thalassemia by gap-PCR and on the children with β-thalassemia by PCR-RDB.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of the biochemical screening for thalassemia was 11.36% (152 cases). The positive rate of genetic diagnosis was 8.59% (115 cases). Of the 115 cases, α-thalassemia was found in 43 cases, β-thalassemia in 68 cases and α-combined-β thalassemia in 4 cases.--SEA/αα accounted for 47%, -α4.2/αα accounted for 21%, and HbH disease accounted for 14%. Six genotypes were found in 68 cases of β-thalassemia and the mutation frequency of βE was the highest (32%), followed by CD41-42 (24%), CD17 (23%), IVS-II654 (10%), CD71-72 (10%), and -28 (1%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The frequency of gene mutations for thalassemia is high in children from Kunming, Yunnan Province. Premarital and prenatal screenings and genetic diagnosis for thalassemia should be carried out in this area.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Genetic Testing , Mutation , Thalassemia , Blood , Diagnosis , GeneticsABSTRACT
An automatic system for marine meiobenthos separation was developed by using laser-induced fluorescence technology. Rose Bengal was used as organism dye and the spectrums of Rose Bengal were measured. Laser-induced fluorescence system was established to detect marine meiobenthos in sediments. Data obtained from experiments were analyzed by using a mathematical model. The results showed that laser-induced fluorescence technology worked well in the system. The system could select the meiobenthos efficiently and precisely.
Subject(s)
Animals , Algorithms , Equipment Design , Equipment Failure Analysis , Filtration , Methods , Geologic Sediments , Invertebrates , Classification , Lasers , Oceans and Seas , Pattern Recognition, Automated , Methods , Spectrometry, Fluorescence , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To determine scutellarin in dog plasma and study the pharmacokinetics of scutellarin in the dog.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Scutellarin in plasma of six dogs at different sampling time was determined after single dose of 120 mg i.v. by RP-HPLC. The mean plasma concentration-time curve was protracted and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The concentration-time curve of scutellarin can be fitted to a three-compartment model with the main pharmacokinetic parameters as follows: T1/2 gamma, T1/2 alpha and T1/2 beta were (1.1 +/- 0.8) min, (7.0 +/- 2.8) min and (52 +/- 29) min, respectively, Vc was (880 +/- 508) mL, CL was (190 +/- 54) mL.min-1, AUC0-90 and AUC0-infinity were (574 +/- 134) mg.min.L-1 and (559 +/- 132) mg.min.L-1 respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The concentration of scutellarin in plasma declined rapidly after single dose of 120 mg i.v. in dogs, and this suggested that the T1/2 of scutellarin should be taken into account in preparation exploitation and drug administration.</p>