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Objective To analyze the present situation about early screening of developmental dysplasia of the hip( DDH) of infants in Shapingba district of Chongqing,and to explore the methods to improve the rate of diagnosis about DDH. Methods A total of 2 066 infants among 0~6 months old living in Shapingba district of Chongqing,were examined with clinical and ultrasound method on hip. Results Six infants with DDH were discovered among the 2 066 infants,which was more common in the female baby. The deficiency of hospital in which can exam hip with ultrasound method and the deficiency about DDH were the significant factors affecting the low detection rate. Conclusion Necessary measure must be taken to improve the low detection rate of DDH.
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Objective To determine the ameliorative effects of Junzhi beverageⅠon neurobehavioral functions in subjects exposed to long-term sustained work.Methods Forty male students of a military institution were randomized into control group ( n=20 ) and the intervention group ( n=20 ) .All the subjects were exposed to 10-hours′high intensity mental work continuously (8∶00-18∶00).At 12∶50, the intervention group drunk a bottle of water with Junzhi beverageⅠ, but the control group drunk water of the same volume only.At 17∶00, neurobehavioral functions of all the subjects were tested by neurobehavioral core test battery (WHO-NCTB) and attention span test(AST).Results According to the results of WHO-NCBT, after 10-hours′continuous mental work,the profile of mood state in the intervention group was more stable than in the control group with lower scores in negative mood and higher scores in positive mood.Meanwhile, some of the neurobehavioral indexes were also found to be significantly improved, including shortened mean time of simple reaction and decreased error reaction rate, enhanced digit span backward, higher scores in Beton test , digit symbol test, Santa Ana practice hand and correct dot number (P<0.05).In addition, higher scores were obtained in the intervention group in AST(P<0.05).Conclusion Junzhi beverageⅠ can significantly improve the neurobehavioral function under sustained mental work conditions, which suggests that the beverage has the potential to postpone mental fatigue protect and enhance cognitive function.
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Objective To assess the series of special anti-fatigue foods including JuntiⅠ, JuntiⅡ, JuntiⅢ, and Jun-tiⅣon military physical performance capacity .Methods Fifty-four soldiers , selected from a border defense troop , were randomly designated to control group , trial group 1 and trial group 2.Subjects of two trial groups were supplied with No .1 nutritional package ( including JuntiⅠ, Ⅲand Ⅳ) and No.2 nutritional package ( including Junti Ⅱ, Ⅲand Ⅳ),re-spectively, while no additional nutritional supplements were added in control group .After 7 days’ supplementation, a hard military exercise was performed to induce fatigue and an increasing load test was used to assess physical activity .RPE scale, exhaustive time and time taken to reach the 75% maximal heart rate were recorded while serum markers , such as glucose, lactate, BUN, LDH,and CK, were detected after test .Moreover, serum lactate and fatigue recovery scale were determined on the evening of the same day and the next morning .Results Prolonged exhaustive time and time taken to reach the 75%maximal heart rate and elevated RPE scores at 6 min were detected in both two trial groups compared with the control group .Meanwhile , after the increasing load test , elevated glucose concentration and reduced lactate , BUN, LDH and CK were also observed in both trial groups .Moreover, serum lactate of both trial groups was quickly recovered on the evening of the same day compared with the control group , and the next morning , serum lactate was even much lower in trial groups than in control group .The fatigue recovery scores were higher in trial groups at both time points .Meanwhile, there was no difference of such indexes between the two trial groups .Conclusion Through the combination use , the series of special anti-fatigue foods, inclucling No.1 and No.2 nutritional packages , can significantly improve the soldiers′physi-cal performance capacity , delay the physical fatigue emergence , promote physical activity recovery and prevent military training injury.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical effects and complications of non - phacoemulsification small incision extracapsular cataract extraction(ECCE) and intraocular lens implantation to treat cataract. Methods Through 5.5 -7mm scleral tunnel incisions at 12:00, 212 cases (231 eyes) of cataracts were treated with intraocular lens implantation after continuous circular capsulorhexis and extraction of lens nucleus. Results One week postoperatively, the visual acuity was ≥0.5 in 184 eyes(79.65% ) ; one month postoperatively, the visual acuity was ≥0.5 in 202 eyes(87.45% ). The main complications were corneal edema, anterior chamber inflammation and posterior capsular rupture etc. Conclusion Nnon - phacoemulsification small incision ECCE and intraocular lens implantation is simple and has satisfied effects to treat cataract.
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BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is an important prognostic indicator for malignant tumors. Breast cancer overexpressing oncogene HER-2/neu often denotes a poor prognosis. Many studies have demonstrated the antitumor effect of genistein against breast cancer.OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between HER-2/neu expression and angiogenesis in breast cancer as well as the effect of genistein on the angiogenesis in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer.DESIGN: A randomized controlled observatory experiment with nude mice.SETTING: Department of nutrition and food hygiene of a military medical university.MATERIALS: Twenty specific pathogen-free(SPF) normal female BALB/c nude mice weighing (10 ± 2) g, aged 3 to 4 weeks, were purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of the Third Military Medical University.METHODS: This study was carried out in the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Third Military Medical University from June 2001 to March 2002. HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cell line MCF-7/HER-2 was generated by transfecting MCF-7 cells with human HER-2/neu cDNA. MCF-7/HER-2 and MCF-7 cells were inoculated in female BALB/c nude mice to establish tumor-bearing mouse models. Four weeks after the inoculation, the mice with MCF-7/HER-2 xenografts were randomly divided into control,genistein treatment, and anti-HER-2/neu antibody treatment groups to receive corresponding treatments every other day for two weeks, at the end of which the tumor volume, microvessel density(MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression in the xenografts were measured.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: MVD and VEGF expression in the xenograft tumor. Secondary outcome measures: Identification of HER-2/neu-transfected from MCF-7-transfected cells and the tumor volume.RESULTS: The MVD was 16 ±6, 98 ±21, 56± 18, and 52 ± 19 in each visual field in the MCF-7 xenografts group, control group, genstein treatment group and anti-HER-2/neu antibody treatment group recpectively. MVD and VEGF expression in MCF-7/HER-2 xenografts were higher than that in MCF-7 xenografts, and was reduced after treatment with genistein or anti-HER-2/neu antibody. The changes of tumor volume in these xenografts were consistent with the changes of MVD and VEGF.CONCLUSION: HER-2/neu overexpression in breast cancer promotes angiogenesis, and genistein can inhibit angiogenesis and growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer to improve the prognosis.
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Teaching and research are two major functions of university. We should correct the misunderstanding of the relationship between teaching and research and improve the evaluation of integration of them. Positive interaction of research and teaching can enhance educational results of university. We should conduct the interaction of scientific research and teaching,improving the creative ability of students.
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Objective:To investigate the mechanisms of genistein (GEN) affecting the chemosen- sitivity of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-453 to paclitaxel (PTX) in vitro. Method:HER2/neu- overexpressing breast cancer cells MDA-MB-453 were treated by GEN, PTX alone or combined in vitro. Cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of HER2/neu protein was observed by immunocytochemistry and. Akt, p-Akt, cyclin B1 and CDK1 protein by Western blot. Results:Cell cycle of MDA-MB-453 cells was blocked at G1/S after treatment of GEN, while at G2/M after treatment with PTX alone. Both GEN and PTX did not change the expression of HER2/neu, total Akt and CDK1 in MDA-MB-453 cells, but GEN significantly decreased p-Akt and cyclin B1 level, and PTX obviously increased cyclinB1 level. GEN antagonized the effects of PTX on level of cyclin B1 protein and blockage of G2/M in MDA-MB-453 cells after treatment with GEN and PTX in combination. Conclusion:The antagonism effects of GEN on the increase of cyclin B1 and blockage of G2/M induced by PTX may be one of the mechanisms of GEN affecting the chemosensitivity of MDA-MB-453 cells to PYX.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of simulated altitude acute hypoxia on appetite and orexin mRNA expression in rats. Methods: Rats were exposed to hypobaric chambersimulating different high altitude (3000m,4000m,5000m,6000m) for different times (8h/d;1d,3d and 7d respectively), and the changes of appetite, weight gain, and the orexin mRNA expression in hypothalamus of rats were examined. Results: With the increasement of hypoxia time and simulated altitude, the total food intake of rats and the orexin A and B mRNA expression in hypothalamus decreased gradually as compared with control. After 7 days of hypoxia, the weight gain of rats was significantly different(P
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Objective To investigate the mechanisms of genistein in the growth inhibition in the tumor angiogenesis. Methods The effects of genistein and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) on the proliferation of ECV304 cells were observed by cell growth curves and flow cytometry. The level of the phosphorylation of VEGFR and the activity of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) in ECV304 cells were detected by immunoprecipitation and kinase activity analysis. Results Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alone could facilitate the proliferation of ECV304 cells, up regulate the phosphorylation and PTK activity of VEGFR, but genistein alone could inhibit the growth of ECV304 cells, stop the cell cycle mainly at the phase of G 2/M, induce apoptosis, and down regulate the phosphorylation and PTK activity of VEGFR ( P
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Objective To investigate the effects of lovastatin on MAPK activity in MCF 7 breast cancer cells. Methods After MCF 7 cells were treated with 4, 8 and 16 ?mol/L lovastatin for 48～72 h, the expressions of ERK1 and p38 MAPK proteins were detected by Western blotting. Their phosphorylation levels were observed by kinase activity assay. Results MCF 7 cells treated with different doses of lovastatin for 48～72 h had no significant effect on the protein level of ERK1, but the activities of ERK1 and the P38 MAPK proteins were down regulated at 72 h after treatment. Conclusion Lovastatin may down regulate the activity of MAPK in MCF 7 cells by means of inhibiting the mevalonate metabolism pathway and/or affecting phosphorylation levels.
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Objective To observe the effect of genistein,octylphenol,and their combination on proliferation of MCF-7 cells and explore the molecular mechanisms.Methods The MCF-7 cells were divided into four groups: control,5?10~(-5)mol/L genistein treated,8?10~(-6)mol/L octylphenol treated,genistein and octylphenol treated.The cell proliferation,cell cycle,phospho-L-tyrosine protein(PTPr),ER?,ER? mRNA and AIB1 mRNA expression of MCF-7 cells was observed by MTT test,flow cytometry,immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR.Results When MCF-7 cells were treated with 8?10~(-6) mol/L octylphenol or 5?10~(-5) mol/L genistein,or both for 72 h,the proliferation ratio was 12.98%,46.16% and 36.44% respectively;the percentage of MCF-7 cells at G_(2)/M were 12.98%,46.16% and 36.44% respectively;the apoptosis ratio of MCF-7 cells were 3.57%,11.41% and 8.24% respectively;the expression of PTPr was(62.84?9.80),(26.75?5.09),(39.15?7.83) respectively.Octylphenol increased the expression of AIB1 mRNA,but genistein and its combination with octylphenol inhibited the expression of ER? and decreased the expression of AIB1 mRNA in nucleus.Conclusion Octylphenol can promote the proliferation of MCF-7 cells,while genistein and its combination with octylphenol inhibit,which mechanism may be related to regulation of PTPr,AIB1 and ER expression.
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Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of genistein on oncogene HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer xenograft tumors and its relationship with urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression. Methods HER-2/neu-overexpressing MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (MCF-7/HER-2) were generated by transfecting the HER-2/neu negative MCF-7 cells with HER-2/neu cDNA. MCF-7/HER-2 and MCF-7 xenograft models were established in BALB/c nude mice, and the nude mice with MCF-7/HER-2 xenograft were randomly divided into three groups: control group, genistein-treated group, and HER-2/neu antibody-treated group. The growth ability of xenograft tumors was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining with Ki-67 antibody, and uPA expression of xenograft tumors was analyzed by Western blotting. Results The growth ability and uPA expression were significantly higher in MCF-7/HER-2 xenograft tumors than those in MCF-7 xenograft tumors. MCF-7/HER-2 xenograft tumors treated by genistein or HER-2/neu antibody showed lower growth ability and uPA expression as compared with MCF-7/HER-2 xenograft tumors. Conclusion Genistein can inhibit the growth ability of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer xenograft tumors, which is associated with the uPA expression.
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Objective To investigate the structure-activity relationship for 21 anthocyanins in inhibiting oxidized injury of endothelial cells,and explore the structural characteristics of anthocyanins closely related to their effects. Methods Endothelial cells were treated by ox-LDL at different concentrations of 50,100,150 or 200 ?g/ml,and MTT assay was used to determine IC50. After pre-incubated for 2 h with different concentrations ( 50,100 or 200 ?mol/L) of anthocyanins and then treated with 100 ?g/ml ox-LDL for another 24 h in endothelial cells,MTT assay was used to detect the cellular viability. After pre-treated for 2 h with different anthocyanins with 100 ?mol/L and treated with ox-LDL for another 24 h,MDA and NO level in the culture media were both measured according to the methods of assay kits. Structure-activity relationship was analyzed according to the respective cellular viability,MDA and NO level. Results Cellular viability was significantly inhibited by ox-LDL in a dose-dependent manner,and the IC50 was 100 ?g/ml. A significant correlation was observed among the effect of anthocyanins on cell viability,MDA production and NO release. The inhibitory effects of anthocyanins in ox-LDL-injured endothelial cells were positively related to the total number of hydroxyl groups and hydroxyl substitutions in B ring. 3′,4′-ortho-dihydroxyl substitution on B-ring and a 3-hydroxyl group on C-ring significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of anthocyanins,yet methoxylation or glycosylation significantly decreased the effect. 6-hydroxylation substitution might attenuate the inhibitory effect of anthocyanins,while substitution at C5 or C5′ showed no significant influence on the effect of anthocyanins. Anthocyanin with monosaccharose substitution was much stronger than that with disaccharose substitution,while there was no significant difference between anthocyanins with glucoside and that with galacotoside substitution. Delphinidin and delphinidin-3-glucoside were respectively the most effectual anthocyanidin or anthocyanin. Conclusion 3′,4′-ortho-dihydroxyl substitution on B-ring and a 3-hydroxyl group on C-ring are the main structural requirements for anthocyanins in suppressing ox-LDL-induced injury in endothelial cells.
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Objective To investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) on recovery of small intestinal epithelia from radiation injury in mice. Methods Mice received a single 8 Gy dose of total body irradiation from 60Co gamma ray followed by treatment with GLP-2 or vehicle. DNA and protein content in small intestinal mucosa were measured, and small intestine was processed for histological examination with light microscope and scanning electron microscope. Results Small intestinal mucosal DNA and protein content, villus height, and villus number significantly decreased in irradiated mice, partial villus tips were ulcerated. GLP-2 administration caused increase in DNA and protein content, villus height, and villus number as compared with irradiated control group. Meanwhile, the villus tips were lack of ulceration. Conclusion GLP-2 can promote recovery of small intestinal epithelia from radiation injury in mice.
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Objective To study the effect of glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity in small intestinal epithelia in mice after radiation injury and its relation with the change of small intestinal epithelial proliferation. Methods Mice were given a single dose of 8 Gy of total body 60Co gamma irradiation and then divided into GLP-2 and control groups. The activity of MAPK and proliferation rate in small intestinal epithelia were measured. Results The activity of MAPK in small intestinal epithelia was higher in GLP-2-treated mice than in irradiated mice, and the proliferation rate in small intestinal epithelia significantly increased in GLP-2-treated mice. These two indices were of significantly positive correlated. Conclusion GLP-2 can promote small intestinal epithelial proliferation in irradiated mice, and this may be related to activation of MAPK in small intestinal epithelia.
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Objective To investigate the expression of TGF-β and TGF-β receptor in human breast cancer cell Bcap-37 inhibited by soybean isoflavones. Methods mRNA and protein of TGF-β1、TGF-βRⅠ in Bcap-37 cells were examined with reverse transcription ploymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry after cells were treated with daidein or genistein for 1-4 d.The expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 was determined with TGF-β resistance test. Results The TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β recepor increased in Bcap-37 cells at a concentration of 3×10-5 mol/L of genistein. No changes was found when treated with daidzein. Conclusion Genistein may inhibit the proliferation of Bcap-37 cells and accompany with increasing expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β receptor.
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Objective To summarize our experience on the food safety for residents and disaster relief workers in Li county after Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan province.Methods A comprehensive survey was conducted to assess the current food hygiene status.According to the survey results,we had integrated the local forces and strengthened the food hygiene surveillance and quality detection focusing on the crucial procedures.Besides,effective health educations were applied to advocate the rational dietary after earthquake.Results There was no any food safety incident in the county,and the hygiene awareness of local residents has been improved.Conclusion Powerful organization,focused management and multi-collaboration are the important elements to accomplish the food safety control after earthquake.
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Objective: To study the effects of octylpheno(lOP)and genistein(GEN)on the expressions of estrogen receptors(ER),amplified in breast cancer 1(AIB1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in rat breast cancer.Method:Female SD rats were randomly divided into control,model,GEN treated,OP treated,GEN and OP combined treated groups.RT-PCR and immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expressions of AIB1,ER,PCNA on normal mammary gland and mammary cancer.Results: Compared with control mammary gland,AIB1 mRNA,ER mRNA,PCNA and ER expressions were up-regulated in mammary cancer.Compared with mammary cancer in model group,the level of AIB1mRNA,ER mRNA and ER expressions were significantly decreased in GEN treated group,while they were significantly increased in OP treated group and PCNA expression was significantly increased too.Compared with OP treated group,the level of AIB1mRNA,ER mRNA,ER and PCNA expressions were partly decreased in GEN and OP combined treated group.Conclusion: Octylphenol can up-regulate the levels of AIB1,ER and PCNA expressions in mammary cancer and may increase the incidence of 7,12-dinmethylbenz[a]anthracene(DMBA)-induced mammary cancer.Genistin or genistein combined with octylphenol can downregulate the levels of AIB1,ER and PCNA expressions in mammary cancer,and inhibit theiincidences.
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Objective: To study the effects of genistein on the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and the activity of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) in MDA-MB-453 cells, and explore the molecular mechanism of anti-angiogenesis in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer by genistein. Methods:Western blot, immunoprecipitate, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and kinase activity analysis technics were used to observe the expression of uPA and the protein phosphorylation of HER-2/neu receptor and the activity of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) in MDA-MB-453 cells treated by genistein for 24, 48, 72 h. Results: The expression of uPA and the protein phosphorylation of HER-2/neu receptor and the activity of PTK were significantly decreased after treated with 5?10-5mol/L genistein, which had a time-dependence. Conclusion: Genistein could inhibit the activity of PTK and the protein phosphorylation of HER-2/neu receptor, and down-regulate the exprssion of uPA at transcription and translation levels in breast cancer cells. This might be a part of molecular mechanism of genistein anti-angiogenesis in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer.