ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the acute toxicity of Diquat in mice and to calculate the median lethal dose (LD50) of Diquat to rats and observe the pathological changes of tissues and organs in rats with different concentrations of Diquat.@*Methods@#Diquat solution of 50 mg/kg was prepared freshly with 1 000 mg of Diquat and dilute the solution with water to a total of 20 ml. A total of 99 healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into part one, part two and control groups. In the first part, 36 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: 100 mg/kg group, 200 mg/kg group, 300 mg/kg group and 400 mg/kg group, which were treated with 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of Diquat solution by gavage, respectively. The death and symptoms of poisoning after intragastric administration were recorded, and the maximum tolerated dose and absolute lethal dose were measured. In the second part, 54 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: 200 mg/kg group, 220 mg/kg group, 240 mg/kg group, 260 mg/kg、280 mg/kg group and 300 mg/kg group, whichwere treated with 200 mg/kg, 220 mg/kg, 240 mg/kg, 260 mg/kg, 280 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg of Diquat solution by gavage, respectively. The survival of rats in different concentration of Diquat was observed and the LD50 was calculated by Excel processing the formula of Koch's method. The control group were given equal volume water under the same experimental conditions. And moreover, the lungs, kidneys, hearts, livers, and brain tissues were collected and fixed by formaldehyde, embedded by paraffin, and sectioned for histopathological light microscopy.@*Results@#The maximum tolerated dose was 240 mg/kg and the absolute lethal dose was 300 mg/kg. The LD50 of Diquat for Rats was 280.58 mg/kg. The high-dose group had significantly more organ damage than the low-dose group after diquat poisoning.@*Conclusion@#The determination of the half-lethal dose of diquat, at the same time observed multiple organs damaged in rats after the diquat quickly poisoned. Kidneys, lungs and heart might be the main organ which was heavily damaged. With the extension of observation time, the organ damage of rats exposed to small doses gradually stabilized.
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Objective@#To investigate an incident of mushroom poisoning and related clinical data.@*Methods@#A descriptive analysis was performed to investigate an incident of poisonous mushroom poisoning in Jinan, Shandong Province, China in July 2016. The clinical data of four patients were analyzed and summarized, and the causes of this incident and prevention and control measures were summarized.@*Results@#This incident of acute poisonous mushroom poisoning was caused by Lepiota brunneoincarnata. The patients mainly had digestive system symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, and severe abdominal pain, and later developed liver damage. After comprehensive rescue treatment, one patient died and three survived. The main clinical manifestation of the patient who died was multiple organ failure, especially liver failure.@*Conclusion@#This incident of poisoning was caused by Lepiota brunneoincarnata the residents ate by mistake.
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Objective@#To investigate the causes of peripheral vascular thrombosis in patients with paraquat poisoning.@*Methods@#The patients with paraquat poisoning who were admitted to our department in recent two years were observed to screen out the patients with large vessel thrombosis. The data on toxic exposure history, clinical features, and treatment were collected to analyze the causes of thrombosis in the patients with paraquat poisoning.@*Results@#Three patients had typical lower limb thrombosis. There was one case of right common femoral vein thrombosis, one case of bilateral calf muscle vein thrombosis, and one case of right calf superficial vein thrombosis and right calf muscle vein thrombosis.@*Conclusions@#After paraquat poisoning, the blood is in a hypercoagulable state and prolonged bed rest may increase the risk of thrombosis.
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Objective@#To investigation to an accident of occupational trichloroethylene explosion and analyze the clinical datas.@*Methods@#An investigation was carried out on the explosion of trichloroethylene in a place in shandong province in June 2016, and the clinical data of 4 patients with trichloroethylene poisoning were analyzed.@*Results@#The incident is caused by irregularities in workers, 4 patients were characterized by different levels of the respiratory system, nervous system, liver, and skin lesions. Among them, respiratory system damage was more prominent, mainly manifested as chemical bronchitis and pneumonia, after positive rescue and treatment all recovered and discharged.@*Conclusions@#Trichloroethylene leak can cause severe ex-plosion accidents, can cause workers of the respiratory system, nervous system, liver and skin lesions, mainly glucocorticoids comprehensive therapy has good curative effect.
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Objective@#To investigate and analyze the clinical data of tetramine poisoning in a family and prevent similar incidents from happening again.@*Methods@#The study was conducted in July 2016 in a fami-ly with thiamine poisoning in shandong province, and the clinical data were analyzed.@*Results@#In this case, there are six cases of poisoning caused by the tetramine poisoning, and the convulsions are the main clinical manifestations, and the blood perfusion can have a good effect on the severe patients. After positive treatment, all 6 patients were cured.@*Conclusions@#The tetramine poisoning can cause severe convulsion, although the country has banned the production and use of it, the tetramine poisoning case still exist and cannot be ignored.
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Objective@#To investigate a mass of occupational acute methyl bromide poisoning incident and analyzed their clinical data.@*Methods@#To investigate an incident a mass of occupational acute methyl bromide poisoning in occurred in Shandong province in November 2016, and the clinical datas of 3 cases of severe patients with methyl bromide poisoning were analysed.@*Results@#This event was a sudden occupational poisoning incident. Lack of vocational training and irregularities is the main reason for the accident 3 patients with nervous system, respiratory system, circulatory system, urinary system damage is given priority to, after comprehensive rescue treatment, 2 cases died and 1 case survived.@*Conclusions@#Methyl bromide can cause severe poisoning, has high mortality in patients with acute severe poisoning.