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@#Objective To review and analyze the clinical manifestations of common aortitis in cardiac surgery. Methods We screened 41 552 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiac Surgery of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from 2010 to 2020, analyzed the patients' clinical data, and classified according to the type of diseases. Then we summarized all their clinical manifestations. Results In our center 145 patients were operated for aortitis diseases, including 75 males and 70 females, with the age of 24-76 (45.6±11.3) years. There were 61 patients of Takayasu's arteritis, 51 patients of Behcet's disease, 8 patients of syphilitic aortitis, 8 patients of systemic lupus erythematosus, 2 patients of Kawasaki disease, 4 patients of ankylosing spondylitis, 10 patients of dry syndrome, and 1 patient of scleroderma. Conclusion Aortitis is not uncommon in cardiac surgery, and awareness of the disease should be enhanced. So that we can distinguish various types of aortitis and to make proper management to improve patients' prognosis.
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A female patient who was admitted to the hospital on March 4, 2020 due to the right kidney mass for 4 days by physical examination. Ultrasound examination revealed a single space-occupying lesion in the right kidney, and further examination of the abdominal enhanced CT and three-dimensional reconstruction showed two lesions in the right kidney. The retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy was carried out. The pathological diagnosis were renal leiomyoma and renal eosinophiloma, respectively. After 1 year follow-up, no recurrence or metastasis was found.
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A patient with intermittent right lumbar pain for more than one month and aggravating for one week was reported. The right laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was performed, and fibrosarcoma of the right kidney was diagnosed. The patient refused further radiotherapy or chemotherapy and was discharged on the 11th after surgery. One year after operation, the patient underwent chest CT, and subdural tumor of right lobe of liver was detected. A surgery was performed in another hospital, and liver metastasis from right renal fibrosarcoma was diagnosed. He was alive four months after operation.
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The segmental testicular infarction rate is extremely low, usually showing acute testicular pain, which needs to be distinguished from testicular tumor, testicular torsion, etc. Only a few cases were reported. In this study, two cases were presented. Case one, a 13-year-old boy, was admitted to hospital due to right testicular swelling and pain for 3 days. Presenting with vomiting once on May 5, 2017.He underwent right scrotum exploration and testicular fixation. Testicular pain was disappeared and discharged on the five days operation. There was no obvious abnormality in color doppler ultrasound after one year after operation. Another patient, a 26-year-old man, was admitted to hospital due to left testicular swelling and pain for 6 on March 15, 2018. He was treated with Xue Saitong, natra heparin calcium and Maizhiling tablets. After seven days of treatment, the testicular pain improved and were discharged. One month after discharge, the patient had no pain or discomfort, and the color Doppler ultrasound showed that the left subtesticular polar-like low-isoecho, and a small amount of star-like blood flow signal around.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of estrogen receptor (ER) antagonists tamoxifen (TAM) and fulvestrant (ICI-182780) on the proliferation of highly differentiated human endometrioid carcinoma Ishikawa cells, and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods: Ishikawa cells were cultured in vitro, and treated with ER antagonist TAM alone, ICI-182780 alone, β-estradiol alone, TAM combined with β-estradiol, ICI-182780 combined with β-estradiol, respectively; while Ishikawa cells were not treated with any drugs as the control. The cell proliferation was detected by MTT method. The changes of cell morphology were observed under a light microscope and an electron microscope, respectively. The expression levels of p57kip2 and cyclin E mRNA and protein were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Results: Compared with the control group, the proliferation ability of Ishikawa cells in TAM group was lightly enhanced (P > 0.05), while those in the other groups were decreased (all P < 0.05). Compared with β-estradiol group, the proliferation abilities of Ishikawa cells in TAM group and β-estradiol+TAM group were increased (both P < 0.05), while those in ICI-182780 group and β-estradiol+ICI-182780 group were weakened (both P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the cell density in β-estradiol+ICI-182780 group was reduced, while there was no obvious change in the other groups; the microvilli on the cell surface were reduced in each experimental group. The slight swelling of endoplasmic reticulum was seen in TAM group and β-estradiol group, and the moderate swelling of partial endoplasmic reticulum was seen in ICI-182780 group, while the most of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria had significant swelling in β-estradiol+TAM group and β-estradiol+ICI-182780 group and the autophagy increased. Compared with the control group, the expressions of p57kip2 mRNA and protein were decreased, while the expressions of cyclin E mRNA and protein were increased in the TAM group; but in other groups, the expressions of p57kip2 mRNA and protein were increased, while the expressions of cyclin E mRNA and protein were decreased. Compared with β-estradiol group, the expressions of p57kip2 mRNA and protein were increased in ICI-182780 group and β-estradiol+ICI-182780 group, while the expressions of cyclin E mRNA and protein were decreased; but in TAM group and β-estradiol+TAM group, the expressions of p57kip2 mRNA and protein were decreased, while the expressions of cyclin E mRNA and protein were increased. Conclusion: ICI-182780 can restrain the proliferation of Ishikawa cells, while TAM slightly promotes the proliferation of Ishikawa cells. The effects of ICI-182780 and TAM on endometrioid carcinoma are not completely consistent. This may be related to ICI-182780 can up-regulate the expression of the anti-oncogene p57kip2 and down-regulate the expression of the oncogene cyclin E, TAM can slightly down-regulate the expression of p57kip2 and up-regulate the expression of cyclin E. ICI-182780 may be more suitable for individual endocrine therapy of the patients with endometrioid carcinoma than TAM.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of new epalrestat on diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) compared with Tang Lin.Methods A total of 235 patients with DPN were enrolled in our study.They were randomly divided into two groups:the new epalrestat group (n=117) and the Tang Lin group (n=118).Their clinical,biochemistry,electrocardiogram,clinical symptoms and physical examinations,by using Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI),and electrophysiological assessments were performed.Results The mean changes of MNSI scores both decreased compared with baseline in two groups after treatment for 12 weeks (P＜0.05) and nerve conduction velocity improved in the two groups (P＜0.05),but there were no difference of MNSI scores and nerve conduction velocity between the two groups.There was no difference of adverse event,blood pressure,heart rate,blood and urine routine examinations,liver and renal function between the two groups.Conclusion The new epalrestat is effective and safe as Tang Lin in treatment of DPN.
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BACKGROUND:The growth of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro in different conditioned media is different evidently. So it is necessary to choose a more suitable medium. OBJECTIVE:To contrast and observe the proliferation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in three kinds of media and to check the immunophenotype and differentiation ability of mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were col ected by explant method in sterile conditions. After subculturing by T75 incubation bottles, the third generation of mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/Ham’s nutrient mixture F-12 medium containing 5%fetal bovine serum, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/Ham’s nutrient mixture F-12 containing 10%fetal bovine serum and Mesen PRO RSTM medium. After 1, 3, 5, 7 days of culture, the cells were counted to draw a growth curve. Immunophenotype of the third generation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were determined by flow cytometry and the ability of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation was also detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The third generation of cells cultured highly expressed CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, but did not express CD29, CD31, CD34, HLA-DR. The oil red O staining showed a lot of little red lipid drops after adipogenic induction;alizarin red staining showed osteoblast-like cells after osteogenic induction, indicating umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in vitro have the potential of multi-directional differentiation. After observation and counting, the colony and shape of cells cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/Ham’s nutrient mixture F-12 containing 10%fetal bovine serum were superior to those cultured in the other two media. Therefore, it is concluded that Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/Ham’s nutrient mixture F-12 containing 10%fetal bovine serum is preferred for cellsubculture.
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BACKGROUND:High-quality and efficient umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells could be obtained by establishing and improving the method to avoid fungal contamination and by effectively decreasing pol ution rate of isolated culture during umbilical cord col ection. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of amphotericin B on growth and differentiation potential of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were separated from healthy ful-termed delivery fetus using col agenase digestion method and treated with amphotericin B. Subsequently, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were amplified and cultured in vitro with MesenPRO RSTM medium. The third passage of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in logarithmic phase was obtained to analyze their morphology, proliferation and immunophenotype, and induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes in vitro. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After treatment with amphotericin B, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were successful y isolated and cultured in vitro. Flow cytometry results revealed that human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells strongly expressed CD44, CD105 and CD73, CD90, and negatively expressed HLA-DR, CD29, CD31, and CD34. Amphotericin B-treated human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells can stil differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts in vitro.
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BACKGROUND:Due to the difficulty in the control of delivery and col ection process, antibiotics are often added into the preservation fluid in order to avoid bacterial contamination but not affect cellgrowth and proliferation. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of meropenem on the proliferation and differentiation potential of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:There were two groups in this experiment:control group, preservation fluid with penicil in-streptomycin (final concentration of 100 U/mL);experimental group, preservation fluid with meropenem (final mass concentration of 1.0 mg/L). 100 umbilical cord samples were col ected in each group, and the positive rate was calculated. After isolation and culture, the passage 3 cells were used to draw a growth curve, flow cytometry analysis was used for phenotype determination, and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of cells were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The contamination rates were 3%(3/100) in the experimental group and 20%(20/100) in the control group, indicating that meropenem can obviously reduce the contamination rate. In the experimental group, the morphology, differentiation potential and cellphenotype of the passage 3 cells were al normal. The proliferation ability of cells showed no difference between the two groups. Therefore, meropenem can be added to the preservation fluid.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp30)plus metformin in type 2 diabetes subjects switching from basal insulin plus oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD)Methods During 16 weeks, multiple-center, open-label, and single-arm study including 2 weeks of screening period,4 weeks of run-in period,and 16 weeks of treatment period were carried out. Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on basal insulin therapy with or without oral antidiabetic drugs were switched to twice-daily BIAsp30 plus metformin with dose titration to achieve fasting plasma glucose target. Results Of the 293 Chinese subjects exposed to trial drugs [age: ( 54.0±9.6 ) years, diabetes duration: ( 8.54±5.49 ) years, body mass index: (24.89±3.28)kg/m2, baseline HbA1c: 8.16% ±0.89%], 122 were previously treated with basal insulin analogues and 169 with human basal insulin. At end of the trial ,the mean reduction of HbA1 c was 1.30% ±0.96% (P＜0. 01 ). The proportion of patients achieved HbA1c＜7.0% and HbA1c ≤6.5% was 60.4% and 38.9% respectively. 8-point plasma glucose measurements showed significant improvements at all the time points examined ( all P＜0. 01 ) ,and the average value of all 8 points measured decreased from ( 10.53±2.58 ) mmol/L atbaseline to (7.79± 1.58 ) mmol/L at the end of treatment ( P＜0. 01 ), reduced by 2.76 mmol/L. Postprandial glucose increments were significantly reduced after breakfast ( -1.73 mmol/L,P＜0.01 )and dinner ( -1.28 mmol/L,P＜0.01 ), while no significant reduction was observed after lunch ( -0.09 mmol/L, P = 0. 734 5 ). No severe adverse effect and no major hypoglycemia were reported. The overall hypoglycaemia rate was 2.68 events/subject year. The average weight gain was (0. 76 ±0. 14 )kg (P＜0. 0l ). Conclusion Twice-daily BIAsp30 plus metformin is effective and safe to type 2 diabetic subjects inadequately controlled on basal insulin treatment.BIAsp30 treatment should be considered for type 2 diabetic subjects who have unsatisfactory response to previous basal insulin treatment.
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Objective To study the relationship of free fatty acids and oxLDL-C with diabetic retinopathy(DR).Methods The 108 type 2 diabetes cases with(n=68)and without(n=40)DR were enrolled,and compared with 42 health control.FFA was determined by copper chromogenic method.oxLDL-C was determined by ELISA with kits provided.The correlation of risk factors with retinopathy was analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results FFA and ox LDL-C levels were higher in DR group than in groups of DM and control.Logistic regression analysis showed that as the independent risk factors for DR pathogenesis,LDL-C,FFA,oxLDL-C and course of disease entered into regression equation.Conclusions FFA and oxLDL-C are the important risk factors for DR.