ABSTRACT
BackgroundInternet-based cognitive behavioral therapy （ICBT） is progressively emerging as an efficacious alternative to alleviate anxiety and depression in cancer patients. To date， no Meta-analysis has been conducted specific to the effect of ICBT on anxiety， depression， distress and quality of life in cancer patients. ObjectiveTo assess the effect of ICBT on distress， depression， anxiety and quality of life in cancer patients through a systematic review of the literature. MethodsOn March 28， 2022， PubMed， PsycINFO， Embase， Cochrane Library， Web of Science， CNKI， VIP， Wanfang Data and CBM were retrieved for the randomized controlled trials （RCTs） involving ICBT targeting either distress， depression， anxiety， quality of life or all in cancer patients. After the risk of bias assessment， Stata 17.0 software was used for Meta-analysis. ResultsA total of 12 RCTs with a total sample size of 1 686 patients were included. Meta-analysis revealed that the superiority of ICBT over controls was evident for interventions targeting distress in cancer patients （SMD=-0.547， 95% CI： -1.090~-0.145， P<0.01）， while appeared to be less evident for the interventions targeting depression （SMD=-0.652， 95% CI： -1.734~0.002， P=0.051）， anxiety （SMD=-1.045， 95% CI： -3.656~0.101， P=0.088） and quality of life （SMD=0.234， 95% CI： -0.064~0.449， P=0.112） in cancer patients，and dropout rate was higher in ICBT group than that in control group （OR=1.795， 95% CI：1.358~2.374， P<0.01）. ConclusionICBT is reported to be effective in alleviating distress in cancer patients， whereas results inconsiderable improvements over depression， anxiety and quality of life in cancer patients.
ABSTRACT
In order to understand the current development of cell transformation assay (CTA) and its application in the evaluation of cigarette smoke carcinogenesis, the relevant literatures were analyzed and combed from these two aspects. CTA can evaluate the carcinogenicity of various genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens in a short period of time, and has a strong consistency with the results of animal carcinogenic test. After malignant transformation, the cells show changes in cell morphology, immortalization of cells, disappearance of cell-cell contact inhibition, and the ability to form tumors when injected into animals. The identification methods of transformed cells include transformed cell focus count, agglutination test, soft agar culture and inoculation of nude mice, etc. At present, BALB/c 3T3 cells, Bhas 42 cells and SHE cells are the most widely used cells for CTA. Cigarette smoke is a complex aerosol containing a variety of non-genetic carcinogenic chemicals. Cell transformation tests are often used as an in vitro alternative method to evaluate the carcinogenic effects of cigarette smoke, which is different from the short-term genetic toxicity test. It simulates the long-term state of human smoking induced malignant transformation of cells, through the long-term exposure of cells for several decades, which is closer to the occurrence of cancer caused by human smoking. Therefore, CTA can evaluate the carcinogenicity of cigarette smoke and other tobacco products.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To study the effects of family environment and parental rearing styles on the personality of young violent offenders.Methods:Sixty young male violent offenders and 60 normal controls were assessed with evsenck personality questionnaire(EPQ),family environment scale-china version(FES-CV)and egma minnen av bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU). Results:Scores on personality N and P scales were higher in the study group than those in the control group,but score on F scale of study group was lower.Compared with normal controls,the scores of factors of the cohesion,emotion expression, success and organization of the criminal family were lower.The criminals'parents gave them less warm care or understanding but more punishment,sternness,refusal,negation and partialism Theme.was significant correlation of the personality of young violent offenders to their family environment and parental rearing styles.Conclusions:The juvenile delinquents have devious personality traits.Parental unfavorable rearing styles and family environment play an important role on their personality.