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Functional experiment plays an important role in understanding the mechanisms of diseases and principles of diagnosis and treatment. It requires students to master basic skills of func-tional operation, and complicated disciplines of functional alteration as well. Thus functional experi-ment needs to be an open course. The use of the virtual reality (VR) and real-time recording tech-niques provides potential for this exploration. By the way of real-time recording system, HD video of experiment operation is played, which helps guiding students to learn basic experiment skills; while based on the development status of VR technology, it is more applicable for learning by oneself, such as preview before the class and review for the test, and furthermore, the advantage of VR technique will be more apparent, if the key development focuses on experiment extensions to disclose more compli-cated functional alterations. This new technique helps to improve teaching effects of functional experi-ment.
ABSTRACT
Based on the concept of general education in higher education,Zhongshan school of medicine of Sun Yat-sen University launched general education course-‘ basic medicine introduction' to all non-medical undergraduates.Teaching contents,teaching methods and teaching effects of this course were explored and evaluated.By introducing basic medicine,the overall objective is to guide students to consciously maintain the mental and physical health and to stimulate students' thinking on the meaning of life.
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AIM: To investigate the feasibility of establishment for chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) model in rats after allo-bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT), in order to provide premise conditions for further studying the immuno-regulation role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) on GVHD after allo-BMT. METHODS: This experiment was finished in Laboratory of Pathology and Pathophysiology in Sun Yat-sen University from April to September 2006.①Six-week-old male Fischer344 rats (RT1Al) were used as donors while six-week-old female Waster (RT1Au) rats were used as recipients.②Recipient rats were given water supplemented with gentamycin (320 mg/L) and erythromycin (250 mg/L) three days before BMT. On the day of transplantation, recipient rats received 8.0 Gy (60Co ?, 0.7 Gy/min) total body irradiation. Within 6 hours following the irradiation, recipient rats in BMT group were transplanted with 0.8?108 cells via tail vein injection, while rats in control group only received the same volume injection of phosphate buffer. Each group included 10 animals. Evaluation of common living status was monitored including daily diet, activity, stool and urine, fur and body mass. Shaved skin, liver and intestine tissues were also analyzed histologically. RESULTS: ①All rats in the control group died within 17 days following the irradiation and most of them died on day 11 or 12 post-transplantation, while BMT group had higher survival rate, in addition to three rats died on days 12, 16, 18 respectively, whereas others were all alive through 60 days expectation period.②Rats in the BMT group had no clear symptoms of acute GVHD, such as rapid weight loss and severe diarrhea, however, the weight growth in rats of the BMT group was quite slow. Furthermore, 1 month following BMT, depilation phenomenon was evident in the head and back of recipients, and then extended to abdominal part and extremity with the increase of time. Two months following BMT, skin follicular dropout and slight dermal mononuclear infiltration were found. Hepatic disease was characterized by portal tract lymphocyte infiltration, fibrous thickening and sclerosis of the bile duct wall. Small bowel specimens showed clear inflammatory cell infiltration (neutrophils, acidophils, macrophages) within lamina propria. CONCLUSION: ①The cGVHD model can be established through allo-BMT from F344 to Wistar rats.②The typical histological signs of cGVHD are evident in skin, liver and intestine tissues, among which hepatic sign is the most dominant including portal tract and bile duct mononuclear infiltration followed by fibrous thickening and sclerosis of the bile duct wall.
ABSTRACT
To meet with the need for culivating high-quality medical talents,the new teaching mode of problem-based learning (PBL) is attracting a lot of attention. Pathophysiology, which bridges basic medicine courses and clinical medicine courses,is more suitable for implementing PBL teaching mode. The teaching mode of incorporating case analysis is used into pathophysiology teaching by many ways is studied and an ideal result has been achieved.
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AIM: To investigate multi-potential of rat bo ne marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSC) and mutation inclination, the rBMMSC w ere long passaged in vitro. METHODS: Cellular cycles of diff erent passages were assayed by FA CSan flow cytometry and karyotypes of passage 6, passage 25 and passage 45 were compared by G-binding analysis. RESULTS: The early passages and long-term passages all showed st rong proliferation; passage 6, passage 25 and passage 45 all showed normal karyo type. CONCLUSION: Long-term culture and passage of rBMMSC still remain s strong proliferation. With this capability, the mutation inclination is not enhanced.
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AIM: To investigate effects of rBMMSC on hematopoiesis and immune reconstitution after allo-hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT). METHODS: Allogeneic BMT model from Fischer344 rats (RT-1Al) to Wistar rats (RT-1Au) was established. The effects of MSCs on hematopoietic reconstitution and immune reconstitution were studied by observing the survival rate, peripheral blood counts, thymus counts, spleen counts, bone marrow counts and immune function analysis at 30 days after transplantation. RESULTS: 1. Cotransplantation of MSCs and bone marrow (BM) was demonstrated to improve hematopoietic reconstitution. Lymphocyte and platelet counts in peripheral blood in cotransplantation groups were higher than those in control groups. More bone marrow neucleated cells were also observed in cotransplantation groups. 2. Cotransplantation of MSCs and BM improved immune reconstitution. First, overall thymic cellularity and spleen cellularity significantly increased in cotransplantation groups at day 30. Secondly, cotransplantation improved immune functional recovery. Non-specific lymphocytes proliferation reaction induced by ConA and LPS increased in cotransplantation group, and so did for allogeneic mixed-lymphocyte reaction. CONCLUSION: Hematopoietic reconstitution and immune reconstitution were significantly enhanced by MSCs cotransplanted with BM.
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AIM: To investigate the biological characterics of human second-trimester fetal cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and its application prospects in utero gene transfer/therapy (IUGT). METHODS: Nuclear cells separated from cord blood were cultured in DMEM medium. Surface antigens of the MSC were analyzed by the FACScan flow cytometry. Adipogenic and osteogenic mediums were used to assess the differentiation ability of the cells. Adenovirus vector deliver green fluorescent protein gene (Ad-GFP) was used to transfected the MSC and the expressing of GFP was detected by fluorescent microscope. The MSC were injected into the liver of newborn rat. The immunofluorescence analysis was conducted to determine the presence of double-positive CD105+/CD166+ cells in different organs of rats. MSC were subcutaneous injected into the human-nonobese diabetes/severe combined immunodeficiency disease (NOD/SCID) mice and carcinogenesises of the MSC in vivo were detected by pathological diagnosis. RESULTS: MSC could be separated from fetal cord blood. These cells were uniformly positive for CD29, CD44, CD59, CD105, CD166 and negative for CD34, CD45, CD80, CD86, HLA-DR. The cells had the abilities to differentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic cells in vitro, expressed the GFP at high levels (56 32%?3 28%). The MSC were located at different organs after injected into the newborn rats and didn't have carcinogenicity in vivo. CONCLUSION: Human second-trimester fetal cord blood MSC is an promising target cells in fetal IUGT.