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Objective To construct an oncolytic adenovirus CNHK600-IL24, and to observe the in vivo effects of CNHK600-IL24 in treating breast cancer. Methods The IL-24 gene was cloned into adenovirus shuttle vector SG502-△CR2, and CNHK600-IL24 was obtained by cotransfection of SG502-INSIL24 and pPE3 plasmids and subsequent recombination in 293 cells. Based on the establishment of the athymic mice model of breast cancer in situ and imitated metastatic breast cancer by injection in the vena caudalis and the left artrium, we administered the virus by the tail vein. We used the optical imaging in vivo system to monitor the effects. Results The oncolytic adenovirus CNHK600-IL24 was correctly constructed and confirmed by restriction DNA sequence analysis and PCR. The titer of CNHK600-IL24 reached 1.9 ×1010pfu/ml. Establishing athymic mice model of breast cancer in situ, the volume and photon number of the tumors in the control group was significantly larger than those of the CNHK600-IL24 group( P ＜0. 05). The tumor had conspicuous necrosis after the treatment of CNHK600-IL24. There was noticeable apoptosis of the tumor cells. Immunohistochemistry showed the expression of IL-24 and the Hexon protein in the tumor cells.In athymic mice model of imitated metastatic breast cancer by infusion into the vena caudalis, most of the mice in the control group died before 38 days, the mice of the CNHK600-IL24 group survived significantly longer(P ＜0. 05 ). Using athymic mice model of imitated metastatic breast cancer by infusion in the left artrium, the optical imaging in vivo system showed obvious difference between the control group and the CNHK600-IL24 group. Conclusions The high-titer oncolytic adenovirus CNHK600-IL24 was successfully constructed and purified. The oncolytic adenovirus had obvious antitumor effect on breast cancer.
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Objective To establish the athrmic inouse model of breast cancer in normal position and imitated metastatic breast cancer. Methods Breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231-luc carrying luciferase gene was injected into the athymie mice.The optieal imaging in vivo system was used to observe the establislament of the model. Reseults The breast tumor emerged after we planted the MDA-MB-231-lue cells in the mammary gland fatpads,the volume and photon of the tumor increased during the second weekto the fifth week.After injection by the tail vein,the tumors mainly located in the lungs While after infusion in the left alrtrium.the tumolrs metastate to all over the body. Conclusions We succeeded in the establishment of the athymic mice model of breast cancer.in situ and imitated metastatic breast cancer by iniection into the vena caudalis and the left alttrium.The optical imaging in vivo system could distinctly show the formation of the tumors.
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Objective To evaluate immediate breast reconstruction with extended latissimus dorsi flap after mastectomy for patients of breast cancer. Methods One hundred and sixty-two women with breast cancer underwent surgery from Jan, 2000 to Dec, 2007. Masteetomy was carried out including traditional modified mastectomy in 32 cases, skin sparing mastectomy in 51 cases and nipple-areolar sparing mastectomy in 79 cases. Immediate breast reconstruction was performed with latissimus dorsi flap and surrounding fat tissue. Results Operation was successful in 161 cases. The morphology of reconstructed breasts was excellent in 91.93% cases as evaluated by patients themselves. After operation 6 cases had partial nipple necrosis, 5 cases had rhacoma of the chest, but cured conservatively. Eleven cases had seroma on the back, among them 8 cases cured by puncture and drainage. Two cases cured by erasion of the pseudomembrane and 1 case cured by exairesis of the fibrous capsule. Three cases had limited skin necrosis around the incision. One case had necrosis on part of the donor side, cured by reoperation. One case had implant necrosis necessitating removal of the implant. The patients were followed up for 7～90 months, and the 23 cases were free of tumor recurrence before they lost to follow-up. Among those followed-up cases there were bone metastasis in 2 cases, lung metastasis in 1 case and supra clavicular lymph node metastasis in one. No local recurrence was found. Conclusions Immediate breast reconstruction with extended latissimus dorsi flap after masteetomy is safe and effective, especially suitable for small and medium size breasts.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the technique and significance of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy using different methods in patients with breast cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-one female patients with node-negative breast cancer diagnosed by fine needle biopsy or frozen section underwent lymphatic mapping. They were divided into 4 groups: methylene blue, isosulfan blue, (99m)technetium-labelled sulfur colloid, combined vital blue dye and radiocolloid. The number of each group was 24, 29, 8 and 10 respectively. The SLN was identified and removed, followed by a definitive cancer operation, including a complete axillary node dissection. Pathological examination of the SLN was made with HE and immunohistochemical staining. Pathologic characteristics of SLN and other axillary nodes were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 71 patients, 60 were (84.5%) confirmed by SLN biopsy. The positive rates were 75.0% (18/24) for methylene blue group and 86.2% (25/29) for isosulfan blue group, respectively. Seven positive cases were detected by (99m)technetium-labelled sulfur colloid and all the positive cases by combined vital blue dye and radiocolloid. The total sensitivity was 83.3% and the sensitivity for each group was 70.0%, 90.0%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The total false negative rate was 16.7% and the false negative rate for each group was 30.0%, 10.0%, 0 and 0, respectively. The total accuracy rate was 93.3% and the accuracy rate for each group was 83.3%, 96.0%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The time of finding the SLN was 29, 22, 7, 6 min respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SLN biopsy is technically possible in patients with breast cancer. Most of SLNs can probably reflect the histological characteristics of the axillary lymph nodes. Combination of vital blue dye and isotope makes mapping exact and satisfactory and it may be the best choice among the four methods.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Biopsy, Needle , Breast Neoplasms , Pathology , Lymph Nodes , Pathology , Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating , Sentinel Lymph Node BiopsyABSTRACT
Purpose To introduce our experience about the skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction using transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap(TRAM). Methods For early stage breast cancer,we preserved the breast skin,performed the subcutaneous glandular excision and axillary dissection,immediately reconstructed the breast using TRAM flap. Results 9 patients were treated by skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate TRAM breast reconstruction.The morphology of reconstructed breasts was excellent. Conclusions The skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate TRAM breast reconstruction is safe and effective for treating early stage breast cancer.The incision is relative small and more aesthestic.