ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the relationship between antibacterial treatment scheme and prognosis, and to analyze the mortality risk factors of bloodstream infection with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted. The CRKP isolated from clinical venous blood samples in the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2018(not included from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017) was collected. According to relevant standards, a total of 50 patients with bloodstream infection with CRKP were included. The patients were divided into death (19 cases) or survival (31 cases) group according to their hospitalization outcomes, and clinical data and antibacterial treatment scheme after infection were collected. The clinical features of the two groups and the correlation between different antibacterial treatment regimens and prognosis were compared. Logistics regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for death in CRKP-infected patients.Results:The all-cause mortality rate of patients with CRKP bloodstream infection during hospitalization was 38%(19/50). The age ((66.89±18.13) vs. (55.06±14.39) years old, t=2.555, P=0.014), charlson's comorbidity index ((6.11±2.87) vs. (3.19±1.97), t=4.256, P<0.001) of the death group was higher than that of the survival group. The proportion of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (42.1%(8/19) vs. 3.2%(1/31), χ2=9.574, P=0.002), Charlson's comorbidity index ≥5 (68.4%(13/19) vs. 22.6%(7/31), χ2=10.314, P=0.001), septic shock (36.8%(7/19) vs. 6.5%(2/31), χ2=5.456, P=0.020), source of lung infection (36.8%(7/19) vs. 9.7%(3/31), χ2=3.868, P=0.049) was higher in death group than those in survival group. Kaplan-meier survival curve showed that the 30-day mortality of appropriate targeted treatment was lower than that of inappropriate targeted treatment ( χ2=8.138, P=0.004). Multivariate analysis showed that septic shock ( OR=56.363, 95% CI: 4.309-737.273, P=0.002) and charlson's comorbidity index ≥5 ( OR=18.605,95% CI: 1.813-190.896, P=0.014) were independent risk factors for mortality in patients with bloodstream CRKP infection. Conclusion:Appropriate targeted therapy can reduce 30-day mortality in patients with CRKP bloodstream infection. In order to reduce the risk of mortality, we should prevent the occurrence of septic shock and strengthen the diagnosis and treatment of patients with Chalson's comorbidity index ≥5.