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Objective To investigate the effects of oral probiotics on gut microbiota diversity,colony structure,and intergroup differences in mice with subcutaneous colon cancer tumors,based on 16S rRNA sequencing technology.Methods Twenty-four 6-week-old male BALB/c mice were divided randomly into normal control group(NC group,n = 8),model group(M group,n = 8),and probiotic + model group(PM group,n = 8)after adaptive feeding for 1 week.Mice in the PM group were given 200 μL probiotic mixed solution(Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus mixed lyophilized powder,2×108 colony-forming units)by gavage three times/week for 7 weeks,while the M group and PM group received 200 μL normal saline.At 10 weeks old,0.2 mL CT26.WT cell suspension(1×107/mL)was inoculated subcutaneously into the left hind limbs of M group and PM group,while NC group were inoculated with 0.2 mL normal saline.The general state of mice was observed,the growth of subcutaneous tumor was monitored,and the changes of intestinal flora structure were detected by 16S rRNA sequencing.Results The subcutaneous tumors of the M group were prominent,and the subcutaneous tumor volume and weight of the PM group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Compared with NC group,Alpha diversity index was lower in the M group,and a significant difference of Beta diversity inter groups(P<0.01).And supplementation of probiotics had a certain effect on gut microbiota diversity in the M group.Compared with M group,the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria,Muribaculaceae,Bacteroides were higher in the PM group,while the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Desulfobacterota,Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group,Alistipes were lower in the PM group.LEfSe analysis showed that Muribaculaceae and Bacteroides in the PM group were different species with high abundance(LDA values>4).Conclusions Oral probiotics may improve the gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial Muribaculaceae and Bacteroides in subcutaneous tumors in mice with colon cancer.
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BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to introduce the mechanism and clinical application of muscular atrophy that is a hotspot in the 65th Annual Meeting of American College of Sports Medicine and the 9th World Conference on Exercise Is Medicine and the World Conference of Basic Science of Muscle Hypertrophy and Atrophy. OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze the frontiers and hotspots of research findings on muscular atrophy, in order to provide new ideas for further research of exercise improving muscle function and the mechanism and application in this field, and provide a reference for the study on sports science, sports medicine, and sports rehabilitation in China. METHODS: Related reports and cutting-edge research findings in 65th Annual Meeting of American College of Sports Medicine were collected. Meanwhile, PubMed database between January 1993 and August 2018 was retrieved. The keywords were "skeletal muscle, muscle atrophy, movement and muscle, resistance movement". Thirty-five articles related to the molecular mechanism and clinical application of muscle atrophy were included for analysis and discussion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The World Congress is a unique opportunity to bring together interdisciplinary investigators for the most comprehensive meeting ever held on this topic. The program will include a keynote lecture, tutorials, and symposia from leading experts. The meeting focused on the intrinsic and extrinsic variables that regulate skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy. How exercise brings about skeletal muscle atrophy and its application in clinical problems such as aging, disease, injury, chronic diseases, and how these changes may relate to chronic disease were discussed as well. The research on muscle hypertrophy is mostly concentrated in the field of competitive sports.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the damage to intestinal mu-cous membrane of rats with obstructive jaundice. Methods Thirty pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 4-6 months, weighing 200-250 g, were divided into 3 groups(n=10 each)using a random number table: control group(group C), obstructive jaundice group(group OJ)and dexmedeto-midine group(group D). Obstructive jaundice was induced by double ligation of common bile duct in anes-thetized rats. In group D, dexmedetomidine was intraperitoneally injected in a loading dose of 100 μg∕kg at 3 days after establishment of the model, followed by intraperitoneal infusion of 50 μg·kg-1·h-1for 5 h. The equal volume of normal saline was given instead in C and OJ groups. At 5 h after administration of dexmedetomidine, blood samples were collected from the heart for determination of serum concentrations of diamine oxidase(DAO)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)by enzyme-linked immunosorbent as-say. Then the rats were sacrificed and colon tissues were removed for microscopic examination of the patho-logical changes. Results Compared with group C, the serum DAO and TNF-α concentrations were signifi-cantly increased in OJ and D groups(P<0.05).Compared with group OJ, the serum DAO and TNF-α concentrations were significantly decreased in group D(P<0.05).The pathological changes were signifi-cantly attenuated in group D when compared with group OJ. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can reduce the damage to intestinal mucous membrane of rats with obstructive jaundice.