ABSTRACT
Introduction: Lifestyle changes like low physical activity, smoking and consumption of alcohol have been reported to have an impact on Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Smoking was found to be associated with nocturnal hypoxemia and disturbed sleep. Apneic episodes are increased after alcohol consumption. Objectives: To determine the risk of developing Obstructive Sleep Apnea among young adults.Material and Methods: Participants were asked to fill in an online generated questionnaire on lifestyle habits in addition to the modified Berlin questionnaire and Epworth questionnaire. A total of 209 study participants were included in the study. A Chi-square test was applied.Results: Among 209 participants, 47(22.5%) were females and 162 (77.5%) were males. Snoring was reported in 90 (43.1%) of study participants. Around thirty-three, percent of participants were at higher risk of developing Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obstructive Sleep Apnea was predicted in 21.5%. No as-sociation was found between the lifestyle behavioural factors and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Conclusion: Though a significant association was not found between selected lifestyle factors and Ob-structive Sleep Apnea risk, the role of lifestyle factors could not be undermined. A healthy lifestyle helps in preventing the occurrence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the efficacy and tolerability between trandolapril and enalapril in mild-to-moderate hypertension. Material and Methods: This was a prospective, double-blind, parallel, comparative clinical trial involving 120 patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. Patients were randomized to receive trandolapril 2-4 mg once-daily and enalapril 5-10 mg once-daily. The participants were followed for eight weeks. Results: Both the drugs achieved effective control of blood pressure (BP) at the end of eight weeks. The mean reduction in systolic BP (SBP) was 22.17 mmHg with trandolapril and 21.47 mmHg with enalapril group; the mean reduction of diastolic BP (DBP) was 9.57 mmHg with trandolapril and 11.13 mmHg with enalapril. Adverse events developed in 11 (18.3%) and 12 (20%) patients in trandolapril and enalapril group, respectively. Conclusion: The efficacy and tolerability of trandolapril was comparable to enalapril in mild-to-moderate hypertension with minor adverse events.
ABSTRACT
Recurrent abortions are hisheartening to the couple and also to the treating clinicians. Miscarriage is the loss of pregnancy weighing 500 g or less. Recurrent miscarriage or habitual abortion is defined as three or more consective abortions. Important factors involved in recurrent early pregnancy loss are genetic factors, endocrine factors, anatomic factors, immunologic factors, infectious factors and environmental factors. The factors are described in a nutshell in the text. Any severe infection that leads to bacteraemia orviraemia can cause sporadic miscarriage. Congenital uterine abnormalities have been associated most often with second-trimestar pregnancy loss. As regarding management of recurrent pregnancy loss the clinician has limited options. The use of aspiration in low dose (75 mg) and heparin is beneficial in APS positive patients. Multivitamins and folic acid assume importance in thrombophilic disorders. Tender live care with regular antenatal check-ups go a great way in achieving live term pregnancy.
Subject(s)
Abortion, Habitual/diagnosis , Female , Humans , PregnancyABSTRACT
Annuloaortic ectasia (AAE), in which there is an idiopathic aortic root dilation leading to pure aortic regurgitaion (AR), is a rare disorder and is usually seen as a forme--fruste of Marfan's syndrome. We report a case in which the patient presented with rapid onset of symptoms of heart failure and was being treated for mitral regurgitation due to dilated cardiomyopathy. Postmortem findings revealed an enlarged heart with annuloaortic ectasia.