ABSTRACT
In this study the level of IL-23 and IL-27 produced by macrophages derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture collected from patients with healing or non-healing form of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion were compared before and after treatment with live Leishmania to explore whether IL-23 or IL-27 plays any role in healing process of cutaneous lesions induced by L. major. Twenty patients resident in Isfahan Province, with healing or non-healing form of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion caused by Leishmania major participated in this study. In vitro productions of IL-23 and IL-27 by peripheral blood derived macrophages, before and after stimulation with live L. major [MRHO/IR/75/ER] promastigotes were evaluated using ELISA method. Patient with healing form of lesion received no treatment and patient with non-healing form of lesion received at least 2 courses of glucantime. The mean production of IL-23 and IL-27 from macrophages of patients with healing form of lesion was significantly higher than patients with non-healing form of lesion. The levels of IL-23 and IL-27 in culture supernatants before and after stimulation in healing form of CL was significantly higher than non- healing form of CL [P < 0.001]. IL-23 and IL-27 might play a role in human leishmaniasis and further studies are needed to understand the role of IL-23 and IL-27 in leishmaniasis
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to select the best medium to maintain sperm motility during sperm-DNA incubation and assess the DNA uptake by spermatozoa of Iranian Holstein bulls and its effects on sperm motility. Frozen sperms from an Iranian Holstein bull were thawed and centrifuged. Motile sperms were separated through Puresperm gradient [40/80%] followed by two times washing in SP-TALP medium. Then, sperms were washed once [PBS, Opti-MEM and SP-TALP] and incubated with DNA in each media followed by sperm motility estimation. The plasmid pEGFP-C1 was linearized and incubated with sperms at 37°C for 1 hour. Sperm-DNA mixture was treated with DNase I and the sperm pellet was washed with PBS. DNA extraction from sperms and supernatants from the last washing were used as template for PCR. Data was analyzed using SAS package and mean comparisons between sperm motility in different media were performed. Sperm motility after incubation in PBS, Opti-MEM and SP-TALP were 40[ +/- 2.89], 2[ +/- 1.53] and 54[ +/- 4.41] percent, respectively. PCR results from transfected sperms indicated that EGFP transgene internalized into the bovine sperms and DNaseI treatment could not eliminate it. In conclusion the best medium for sperm and DNA incubation was SPTALP. The DNA not only could attach to the post acrosomal region of spermatozoa but also could integrate into it. So bovine spermatozoa can be used as transgene carrier into oocyte