ABSTRACT
Background: A drug utilization study may be helpful to identify the problems, suggest the remedial measures and promote rational use. Antimicrobials are commonly used to treat infections caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi, evidently require huge prescriptions in India.Methods: A prospective, observational study was carried out for a period of four months from February to May 2019 in the Department of ENT (OPD) at NRI Medical College and General Hospital. Prescriptions were collected randomly from around 300 patients attending the ENT outpatient department after obtaining informed consent. The data were collected in the predesigned proforma for analysis.Results: 300 ENT patients were selected for the study, 62% were male and 38% were female. Out of 300 patients 190 ear disorders, 50 nasal, and 60 throat infections. Antimicrobial therapy were most commonly instituted in ear diseases (67.66%), nose (16.95%) and throat (15.37%) respectively. The most commonly used agents were amoxicillin with clavulanic acid- n=295, cefixime- n=1260, gentamicin- n=200, ciprofloxacin- n=157, azithromycin- n=199, nitroimidazoles (metronidazole- n=111).Conclusions: Cefixime and amoxicillin+clavulanic acid combination was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic in our study. Interventions to rectify the use of brand names are necessary to promote rational drug use. An antibiotic policy has to be developed for the doctors in treating infections so that rationality in using the antibiotics will be developed and the occurrence of antibiotic resistance can be reduced.
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most challenging public health problems. It is important to know about the awareness level of a disease condition in a population, which plays a vital role in future development, early detection and prevention of disease.Methods: A total of 200 subjects were interviewed and their details were noted in a specially designed data collection form. The questionnaire contained a series of questions related to demographic characteristics and awareness of DM including general knowledge, risk factors and complications of diabetic and non-diabetic patients.Results: Among 150 subjects were diabetic and 50 were non-diabetic. 60 (40%), 14(28%) of diabetics and non- diabetics were between the age of 41-50. 101 (67.3%) were male, 49 (32.6%) were female. 101 (67.3%) of the study participant had family history of diabetes in diabetic. 45 (44.5%) diabetic, 20 (40.81%) non-diabetic male knows the risk factor for diabetes mellitus and 35 (34.6%), 21 (42.8%) were aware of symptoms, 09(8.9%), 03(6.1%) awareness on complication of diabetes. 21 (20.7%), 06 (12.2%) doesn’t know about Risk factors.Conclusions: The present study conclude a current situation of knowledge and awareness of diabetes mellitus and also emphasizes the need for improvement in knowledge and awareness on diabetes mellitus among the diabetic as well as non-diabetic subjects in order to achieve prevention and better control of diabetes risk factors, complications and its management.
ABSTRACT
Background: India had 69.2 million diabetic patients. Insulin is an important part of diabetes treatment, but one-third of patients fail to take their insulin as prescribed, and many adults intentionally skip their doses. Since, diabetes treatment continues for lifetime, there is a need to assess the knowledge and understanding of patients in relation to their disease process and its management.Methods: A cross sectional, observational, knowledge and attitude survey were carried on patients with type II diabetes mellitus who are taking insulin therapy and attended medicine diabetes OPD in tertiary care Hospital during the period of April 2017 to Dec 2017. 200 diabetic patients’ ?18 years of age who were willing to respond to the study questionnaire were interviewed.Results: Total of 200 study participants were interviewed using structured questionnaires, almost 75 (37.5%) of the respondents were age group of 41 - 50 years. 109 (54.5 %) male, 67 (33.5%)Hindus, 121 (60.5 %) married,79 (39.5%) were primary school, 120 (73.8%) were family history of diabetes, duration of treatment1-3 years 72 (31.5 %), 160 (63%) of the study subjects know about diabetes is high blood glucose, 119(59.5%)of subjects know complications of diabetes, 165(82.5%) were know about insulin used for diabetes, 115 (57.5%) of patients know other substitute for insulin, 94 (47%) of the study subjects have knowledge of complications of insulin therapy, 85 (42.5) were know different types of insulin preparations, 141 (70.5%) were know insulin is mandatory in some patients,159 (79.5%) were understood the route of administration of insulin.Conclusions: The finding of present study showed that, diabetes patients had average knowledge and less favourable attitude among diabetic patients toward insulin therapy.