[Study of Her2/neu protein over expression frequency and its relationship with grade, stage in patients with non metatstatic transitional cell carcinoma and disease free survival]

HER2 over-expression has been identified in a variety of malignant tumors including bladder transitional carcinoma. In some researches H.ER2 was detected in 10%-50% of muscle invasive bladder cancers. In this study we evaluated the correlation between HER2 over-expression and pathological characteristics as well as its impact on the disease free survival [DFS] of patients with non-metastatic bladder transitional carcinoma. Study of Her2/neu Protein over Expression Frequency and its Relationship with Grade, Stage in Patients with Non Metatstatic Transitional Cell Carcinoma and Disease Free Survival. In this retrospective cohort study, paraffin-embedded specimens from 50 patients with non-metastatic bladder transitional cell carcinoma, referred to Omid hospital from 2003 to 2007, were examined immunohistochemically for HER-2/neu over-expression. The specimens were also reviewed for tumor grade. The patients with superficial tumors underwent TURBT and a full course of intravesical BCG therapy and cases with muscle invasive tumor received cisplatin based chemoradiation. There were 27 [54%] high grade and 23 low grade tumors. The specimens stained for HER-2 over-expression as follow: 11 as Zero, 11 as 1+, 13 as 2+ and 15 as 3+. The T stages of Tis, T1, T2 and T3 were detected in 14, 19, 10, and 7 cases respectively. The frequency of strong positive HER-2 tumors [3+] was significantly higher among patients with muscle invasive tumors compared to those with superficial lesions [58.8% vs. 15.2%, p<0.001]. There was also a relatively significant association between strong positive HER-2 expression and high grade tumors [43.5% vs. 18.5% p= 0.055]. The Median follow up time was 14 months [range, 4-52 months] during which 17 cases [34%] experienced recurrence [12 local, 3 bones and 2 lungs]. For all patients 3-year DFS was 62.7% +/- 7.4% which was significantly better for cases with superficial tumors than patients with muscle invasive tumors [78.1% vs. 19.5%, p=0.005]. In patients with strong positive HER-2 expression tumors, DFS was significantly lower compared to the other cases [3-year DFS: 19.4% vs. 80%, p<0.001]. No significant difference in DFS was found between high grade and low grade tumors [3-DFS: 53.9% vs. 70%, p=0.20]. In This study, strong HER-2 over-expression [3+] was significantly associated with higher T stages as well as high grade tumors. In addition to T stage, strong HER-2 over-expression was a significant predictor of lower disease free survival

Relation between varieoeele and abortion

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of varicocele on abortion,and the relation between the semen analysis factor of patients with abortion was also considered. Between 741 patients with abortion, 251 had no specific reason, These patients were recognized during 2/5 years. They were examined for a possible varicocele and it's severity, 250 men were examined as a sample group. In the group who had abortion 73 men had varicocele while 38 cases were found in the sample group. In the first group recurrent abortion and early abortion were prominent. The severity of varicocele had no relation with abortion. In this study we conclude that: varicocele may be the cause of abortion especially in the first months of pregnancy. Asthenospermia and abnormal morphology of sperms can cause abortion and now the question is whether the varicocelectomy may increase the chance of successful terminal pregnancy

Relation between varicocele and abortion

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of varicocele on abortion, and also relation between the semen analysis factor of the patient with abortion had been considered

Method and Material: Between 741 patients with abortion, 251 of these had a kind of these without specific reason,These Patients recognized during 2/5 years.They were examined to see the possible varicocele,its severity, 250 men were examined as a sample group

Result: In the group who had abortion, 73 men had varicocele while in the sample group 38 cases were found. In the first group recurrent abortion and early abortion was prominent. The severity of varicocele had no relation with abortion

Conclusion: Varicocele can be cause of abortion especially in the first months of pregnancy by mating chromosomal and centrosomal abnormality in sperm. If in semen analysis,abnormal shaped and defected movement of sperm was prominent, possibility of abortion increased, while oligospermia has no effect role in occruing abortion