Subject(s)
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors , Animals , Cacodylic Acid/administration & dosage , Diacetyl/administration & dosage , Drug Interactions , Ethanol/administration & dosage , Griseofulvin/administration & dosage , Isoniazid/administration & dosage , Male , Metronidazole/administration & dosage , Mice , Pralidoxime Compounds/administration & dosage , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
Centrophenoxine exhibited some interesting actions at the neuromuscular junction. The drug was ineffective in rat or chick preparations, but blocked neuromuscular transmission in frog preparations. The blockade was reversed by adrenaline, potassium, choline and physostigmine. The drug had no effect on muscle contractility or endplate cholinoceptor. Hemicholinium 3 induced a neuromuscular blockade in rat (in vivo) which was reversed by choline but not by centrophenoxine. Neither of these two drugs could reverse the blocking effect of hemicholinium in frog preparations. It is concluded that centrophenoxine acts only in frog and the blockade involves a presynaptic mechanism. The work further suggests that choline uptake systems in the rat and the frog may not be identical, since choline competed with hemicholinium for the uptake system in rat and with centrophenoxine (but not with hemicholinium) in the frog.
Subject(s)
Acetylcholine/pharmacology , Animals , Chickens , Choline/pharmacology , Diaphragm/drug effects , Epinephrine/pharmacology , Evoked Potentials/drug effects , Glycolates/pharmacology , Male , Meclofenoxate/pharmacology , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects , Phrenic Nerve/drug effects , Potassium Chloride/pharmacology , Rana pipiens , RatsSubject(s)
Animals , Carbamazepine/pharmacology , Catalepsy/chemically induced , Diazepam/pharmacology , Electroshock , Haloperidol , Humans , Male , Morphine , RatsABSTRACT
Responses of isolated tissue preparations to ultraviolet (UV) light were studied with and without the presence of photosensitizers like eosin, fluorescein and sodium nitrite. Exposure to UV light in the presence of sodium nitrite induced consistent relaxation of rat duodenum. The photorelaxation was found to be related to the concentration of sodium nitrite. Adrenergic or cholinergic mechanisms do not seem to be involved. The isolated rat duodenum preparation exhibited quantitatively consistent photoresponse for 3 to 4 hr at its normal tone obviating the need for additional spasmogens as needed with other preparations. The preparation is a suitable test model for the study of photobiologic response evoked by UV light.