ABSTRACT
In order to confirm the tradition that bolting Saposhnikoviae Radix could not be used as medicine,the content of four chromone components in the cortex and wood of Saposhnikoviae Radix was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography( HPLC),and the chemical fingerprints were established,12 common peaks were calibrated. The similarity analysis found that the similarity between batches was 0. 115-0. 995,it indicates that the cortex and wood of Saposhnikoviae Radix have certain differences. On this basis,systematic clustering analysis,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were carried out with the content of four chromone components and whether they met the pharmacopoeia criteria as the original variables. The results showed that the content of the four components in the cortex of Saposhnikoviae Radix was much higher than that in the wood,and the four components detected were able to distinguish the cortex and the wood of Saposhnikoviae Radix. The results of the study reveal the tradition that bolting Saposhnikoviae Radix should not be used as medicine dut to decreased quality.
Subject(s)
Apiaceae/chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Ketones/analysis , Plant Roots/chemistry , Wood/chemistryABSTRACT
This study was aimed to analyze the correlation between commercial specifications of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix and quantitative indexes of sevent kinds of ginsenosides (ginsenosides Rg¹, Re, Rb¹, Rc, Rb₂, Rb₃, Rd) contained in Panacis Quinquefolii Radix by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), explore the correlation between the characteristics of the traditional Panacis Quinquefolii Radix specifications and modern chemical quantitative indicators, and provide a theoretical basis for the quality grade evaluation of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix. The HPLC fingerprint method was used to analyze 40 batches of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix. A total of 19 peaks were marked, and the similarity was above 0.900 for all samples. On this basis, processing methods, product specifications, contents of 7 components, and the total contents of ginsenoside Rg¹, Re and Rb¹ were used as the original variables for cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The results showed great correlation between the quality of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix and the information on their origins, but the difference was less with the characteristics of traditional commercial specifications, indicating some limitations in the division of commercial specifications of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix. The results revealed the intrinsic relationship between the product specifications, traditional qualitative indexes, and quantitative indexes of chemical components of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix, providing a new idea for the objective comprehensive evaluation of the quality of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix.
ABSTRACT
According to the meteorological index of the growth of Blumea balsamifera, and by using the climate and geographic date recorded in the main meteorological stations for 54 years（1960-2014） in Guizhou province, the authors established a regression model between climate division factors and geographic information for the possible planting area. Considering integrated various factors including climate factor, gradient and elevation, based on GIS technology, ascertain the planting area of B. balsamifera. Combined with the land use condition of Guizhou province based on RS, analyzed the distribution rule of the synthesis index, climatic divisions of B. balsamifera in Guizhou were divided into 3 areas (the most suitable, suitable, sub-suitable) objectively. There are 3 areas can plant B. balsamifera (the southwest, the south and the north). The most suitable climate area has 76.98 km², the suitable climate area has 156.04 km², and the sub-suitable climate area has 235.43 km².
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Objective To understand the alteration of retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4)in breast milk of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)and its clinical significance.Methods Sixty pregnant women diagnosed with GDM were selected as the cases.In the case group,breastfeeding amount reached more than 80% were defined as high -breastfeeding group while less than 20% were defined as low -breastfeeding.At the same time,45 nomal pregnant women were selected as the controls.Cord blood samples were collected during the delivery.Colostrums and mature milk samples were collected after the delivery.RBP4 and insulin concentrations were measured using enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA ) and radioimmunoassay (RIA ) respectively.Infant birth weight and weight gain during postpartum reexamination were recorded.Results The concentrations of RBP4 and insulin in cord blood of GDM group (1 4.9 ± 2.6 μg/L and 8.3 ±1 .9 μU /mL)were higher than that in control group(1 2.4 ±2.7 μg/L and 6.0 ±2.1 μU /mL,P <0.001 ).RBP4 and insulin concentrations in colostrums of GDM group (1 6.9 ±4.2 μg/L and 1 1 .3 ±3.1 μU /mL)were higher than in controls (1 3.3 ±4.5 μg/L and 9.2 ±2.8 μU /mL,P <0.01 ).While in mature milk,RBP4 concentrations of GDMgroup were higher than that in controls (1 6.1 ±4.0 μg/L vs.1 2.5 ±3.1 μg/L,P <0.01 ).Insulin concentrationsof two groups were not significantly different.Comparing with low -breastfeeding group,RBP4 concentrations in mature milk of high -breastfeeding group were significantly lower (P <0.01 ).Cord blood RBP4 levels were positively correlated with infant birth weight (r =0.43,P <0.01 ).At the same time,in the colostrums,RBP4 levels were positively correlated with insulin levels (r =0.45,P <0.01 )and maternal weight gain during pregnancy (r =0.37,P <0.01 ).RBP4 concentrations in mature milk of high -breastfeeding group were negatively correlated with weight gain of infants (r =-0.49,P <0.01 ).Conclusion RBP4 in breast milk may be involved in the regulation of infant growth.Breastfeeding may reduce the RBP4 levels in women with GDM.
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In this paper, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy fingerprint analysis of Marsdenia tenacissima samples was used to develop a reliable method of tracing the geographical origins. Forty-eight samples from four provinces of China were analyzed by FTIR. We analyzed and characterized the fingerprints in both the full spectrum peaks and characteristic peaks, then the principal component analysis and the cluster analysis were carried out. The results of fingerprint analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis can identify the geographic origins correctly, which verified and supplemented each other; the identification results and the actual location showed a high degree of consistency, namely the lower the space distance, the greater the similarity of different samples. These results revealed the obvious superiority and practical value in comparison to the more tedious and time-consuming wet chemistry method normally used. Using appropriate metrology methods can trace the geographical source correctly. The M. tenacissima materials from the region of Maguan should be considered as genuine medicinal materials taking into account the good quality.