Coexistent hepatic and pulmonary epitheloid hemangioendothelioma.

Epitheloid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare neoplasm of vascular origin known to arise in soft tissue, liver and lung. We describe a case of coexistent hepatic and pulmonary epitheloid hemangioendothelioma, proven on autopsy, and review the histological and radiological features of epitheloid hemangioendothelioma. The coexistence of hepatic with pulmonary EHE has been reported in only a few cases. Large confluent masses, peripheral location with capsular retraction, hypertrophy of uninvolved liver, invasion of portal and hepatic veins, enhancing margins and delayed enhancement and dense calcification are the typical features which provide a clue to diagnosis of hepatic EHE. In patients with both hepatic and pulmonary EHE it is difficult to say whether the tumor arose primarily in the lung or liver, or began simultaneously in both organs.

Non-syndrome multiple supplemental supernumerary teeth.

Multiple supernumerary teeth without any associated systemic conditions or syndromes are not common. We document a case of non-syndrome multiple supplemental supernumerary teeth in mandibular premolar region of an adolescent male patient, an incidental findings during routine radiographic examination. Periodic examination is recommended to monitor the clinical behavior.

Biological aspects of tooth fragment reattachment in immature incisors.

Tooth fragment reattachment is a relatively new technique and there are many aspects which still need to be explored. Reported here is a case of enamel and dentin fracture of 11 and 21. There was a very thin layer of dentin clinically over the pulp chamber and the root apices were immature. The reattachment procedure was modified slightly. The initial joint was made with protective calcium hydroxide and glass ionomer cement on the approximating surfaces. The further reattachment was accomplished using composites and acid etch technique. This was done for pulpal protection. After six months, reattachment was intact and successful with no staining, sensitivity or pain. The radiographs revealed root completion of the immature incisors. The reattachment procedure proved to be biologically superior in addition to its esthetic value and psychological advantage.

Permanent dentition in Delhi boys of age 5-14 years.

Eruption pattern of permanent teeth in Delhi boys was studied in 1800 well nourished children age 5-14 years. Relationship of height, weight and sexual maturity with eruption of teeth was calculated. Earliest teeth to appear were lower first molar (5.64 years) followed by lower central incisors (6.02 years), The sequence of eruption in maxilla was first molar, incisors-central then lateral, first premolar, canine, second premolar and second molar. In mandible eruption pattern canine preceded first premolar. Eruption of teeth was significantly positively related to height, weight and sexual maturity.

Mucus extravasation phenomenon on the alveolar ridge in neonate: a case report.

Pediatric dentists often come across lesions in neonates, the most common ones being Bohn's nodules and Epstein Pearls. Other common lesions seen in the oral cavity of neonates are congenital epulis, hemangiomas and mucus extravasation cysts. Mucus extravasation phenomenon is generally encountered over the lip but rarely seen over the alveolar ridge. Presented here is a case of a 1-month-old baby with a mucus extravasation cyst measuring 0.7 x 1 cm in size over the alveolar ridge.

Deciduous dentition and enamel defects.

Two hundred eighty children including wellnourished, malnourished and infants with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) were examined for dental eruption and enamel hypoplasia. In malnourished and IUGR children eruption of teeth was delayed. The prevalence of enamel hypoplsia in wellnourished children was 20% being significantly higher in females as compared to males in age group 1-2 years. Enamel hypoplasia was seen in 36.6% malnourished subjects. Breast-feeding was protective against enamel hypoplasia.

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy: a case report.

Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumour of Infancy is a rare tumour. Prompt recognition of such a case is essential for the Pediatric Dentist Presented here is a case of a four and a half month old child who reported in the dental out patient department of Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital with a swelling in the right anterior maxillary ridge region.

Transcatheter coil embolization of a traumatic intrahepatic arterioportal fistula.

Traumatic arterioportal fistulas are rare lesions in the pediatric age group. This case highlights the safe and effective management of intrahepatic arterioportal fistulas by transcatheter coil embolization.

Changes in developing succedaneous teeth as a consequence of infected deciduous molars.

The need for dental treatment in paediatric dental patients is immense. The present study was carried out in fifty children in the age group of five to ten years of age with recurrent episodes of dentoalveolar infection. Advanced pulpal infections led to torsion in 54 percent, premature eruption in 46 percent, crater like bone loss in 36 percent, sequestration and dilaceration in 10 percent and 6 percent respectively. Most of the developmental disturbances could have been avoided with timely antibiotics and endodontic intervention.

Prevalence of anaemia during pregnancy in district Burdwan, West Bengal.

A total of 653 women in third trimester of pregnancy were examined for the presence of anaemia in Kanksha and Ausgram II blocks of Burdwan. 80% of them were found anaemic (haemoglobin level < 11 gm%). 67% of the pregnant women took iron folates till varied periods. Iron deficiency was the commonest cause for the anaemia.

Congenital gingival granular cell tumor--a case report.

Presented here is a case report of a congenital granular cell tumor commonly known as congenital epulis. It has been found to be ten time more common in females as compared to males. The most common presenting problem is that of difficulties in feeding and respiration. Surgical excision is indicated in case the above problems are present. In the absence of any respiratory or feeding difficulties it is advisable to wait for spontaneous regression.

Root development in relation to impacted mesiodens.

Presented here is a case of 7 years 6 month old child with an apically impacted mesiodens in relation to the developing root of right upper central incisor. The removal of mesiodens was deferred in order to avoid disturbance in the natural development of the upper central incisor. Serial X-rays are presented and case is discussed.

Anaerobic flora in endodontic infections.

Microbiological and clinical data from 56 patients with endodontic infections were evaluated. Samples were collected using autoclaved paper points. Specimens were processed for isolation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance profiles of the recovered isolates was also performed. Forty nine positive cultures (87.5%) were obtained from the 56 consecutive necrotic root canal systems which were sampled. A total of 69 aerobic bacteria and 21 anaerobic bacteria were recovered. Aerobic bacteria were isolated from 35 patients (72%), anaerobic bacteria from 3 (6%) and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria from 11 patients (22%). The most common aerobic isolate was Klebsiella pneumoniae. The predominant anaerobic isolate was Bacteroides species. One isolate was recovered from 25 patients (51%) whereas in the remaining 24 patients (49%) more than 1 isolate were recovered. These data illustrate the polymicrobial nature of endodontic infections in half the patients studied and the role of anaerobic bacteria in a quarter of them.

Critical appraisal of entomological data of Madhya Pradesh for 1991 and its relevance to the National Malaria Eradication Programme.

Entomological data generated in five entomological zones, of Madhya Pradesh State during 1991 including, Bhopal, Bilaspur, Gwalior, Indore and Raipur were analyzed. The entomological parameters that were studied included per man hour (pmh) density, abdominal physiology and parity status. The inferences were related to i) resting behaviour (exophily/endophily) ii) duration of indoor resting period of mosquitoes iii) man-vector contact iv) efficacy of residual insecticide and v) vulnerability of the area to focal malaria outbreaks. The data chiefly pertains to the putative malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies in all the five zones under study. The studies have brought out that A. culicifacies, traditionally endophilic and endophagic, has demonstrated radical departure in its resting and feeding behaviour. In Gwalior zone the species shows high preference for exophily. In Bhopal and Indore zones there is differential resting behaviour with respect to season. The species shows, for most part of the year exophily but is also endophilic during post monsoon period. In Bilaspur zone the species shows marked exophily and endophagy. Irrigation practices seem to have affected the mosquito population density patterns in these regions as brought out in Indore and Bilaspur zone, where high density pattern is observed between November and February. These findings have obvious implications in selecting the appropriate intervention methods and the period of spray in areas where residual spray is the method of choice for interruption of transmission.

Malaria as anthropo-ecosystem. Part VI: Demographic subsystem (DSS).

Demographic Subsystem (DSS) comprising structure, distribution, along with its dynamic process has been identified to influence Malaria as Anthropo-Ecosystem (MAES) broadly in two ways. Innate characters of some essential elements of DSS viz. growth, age and sex composition, infants, children, young and old adults, non-pregnant and pregnant and lactating mothers exert direct influence while other elements, viz. spatial distribution, density, configuration of settlements and migration are influenced by environmental factors and affect MAES indirectly. Attempt has been made to discuss each of these factors in the light of present knowledge and available data.

Chronic granulocytic leukaemia presenting with mandibular mass.

A case of chronic granulocytic leukaemia with extramedullary deposits in the mandible is reported. Systemic chemotherapy coupled with local irradiation resulted in regression of the mandibular mass.

Development of a methodology for malariogenic stratification as a tool for malaria control.

Modified plan of operation (MPO) for malaria control launched in 1977 failed to curb malaria incidence beyond about 2 million cases per annum and thus necessitated development of multipronged malaria control strategies based upon malariogenic stratification. A model for such stratification based upon six most sensitive, but quantifiable, epidemiological parameters for which records are easily available at PHC level, namely, topography, average annual rainfall, vector(s), average annual parasite incidence (API) for the last five years, epidemic potential and vulnerability was developed. This model has been successfully tried in the State of Karnataka and on that basis the whole State has been divided into five strata in order of increasing endemicity. Objectives of malaria control for each of the stratum so defined have been proposed.

Malaria as anthropo-ecosystem (MAES): Part V. Self-regulation and stability of MAES.

In biological ecosystems, population tends to fluctuate above or below asymptotic level or the 'carrying capacity'. Self-regulation is achieved by extrinsic, that is, environmental limiting factors and intrinsic, that is, physiological and genetic factors. In Malaria Anthropo-Ecosystem (MAES) which is much more intricate and complex system, Plasmodium being endoparasite is required not only to interact with intrinsic factors of its vertebrate and invertebrate host but also to regulate itself to environmental factors to which its both the hosts are subjected. Attempt has been made to provide, on the basis of present knowledge, the probable explanation of self-regulatory mechanisms from molecular, cell, organ/organism, population/community levels of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts which give stability to MAES as a whole system.