ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the rapid colorimetric nitrate reductase based antibiotic susceptibility (CONRAS) test performed on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with the conventional method i.e, the proportion method. METHODS: One hundred clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis were tested for susceptibility to isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) by the conventional proportion method and CONRAS in Middlebrook 7H9 liquid medium enriched with growth supplements (MB7H9S). RESULTS: The performance of the CONRAS test was evaluated using proportion method as the gold standard. The sensitivity (ability to detect true drug resistance) and specificity (ability to detect true drug susceptibility) of the CONRAS test to INH was 93.75 and 98.52% and for RIF it was 96.10 and 100% respectively. The mean time for reporting was 6.3 days and the test showed excellent reproducibility. The kappa (k) value for INH was 0.92 and for RIF was 0.99, indicating excellent agreement between the two methods. CONCLUSIONS: CONRAS test is a rapid and reliable method of drug susceptibility for M. tuberculosis.
Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology , Colorimetry/methods , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Humans , Isoniazid/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects , Nitrate Reductase , Poverty , Reproducibility of Results , Rifampin/pharmacology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time Factors , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosisABSTRACT
Three cases of cri du chat syndrome with varying ages of presentation are compared and contrasted to highlight the clinical features and evolution of the phenotype with time.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Deletion , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 , Cri-du-Chat Syndrome/diagnosis , Disease Progression , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Karyotyping , Phenotype , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A 2 1/2 month old male child was admitted with loose motions and mild dehydration. He was full term normal delivery, born of a non-consanguinous marriage. On examination, he had trigonocephaly; anteverted nostrils, long philtrum and hypoplastic supraorbital ridges. X-ray showed sutural separation. Karyotyping confirmed deletion of short arm of chromosome 9 distal to band p22.