ABSTRACT
Many beneficial medicinal products are used to treat various serious diseases and disorders like diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases without side effects. Hence our study focused to investigate the phytochemical analysis, quantification of bioactive compounds (alkaloid, phenols, flavonoids), in vitro free radical scavenging activity, anti-inflammatory activity (Membrane stabilization assay), in vitro anti-diabetic activity by enzyme inhibition activity, glucose uptake assay in isolated rat hemi-diaphragm and in yeast cells and also record GC-MS profile of Erythrina variegata L. bark (methanolic extract) which has boundless medicinal properties. The results of this study showed the evidence that the extracts when tested for their phytochemicals and free radical scavenging activity were found to have considerable antioxidant potential. This plant also exhibit better in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity, inhibition of non- enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin, in vitro anti-diabetic activity proved by glucose uptake assays and anti-inflammatory activity. GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of Erythrina variegata L. bark revealed the presence of 58 compounds which are responsible for pharmacological activities. The results of this study indicate that the methanolic extract of Erythrina variegata L. bark has significant pharmacological properties.
ABSTRACT
AIM@#AMany oxidative stress-related diseases occur as a result of the accumulation of free radicals in the body. Free radicals are generated by various endogenous systems, exposure to different physiochemical conditions, or pathological states. A balance between free radicals and antioxidants is necessary for appropriate physiological function. A lot of studies are going on worldwide directed towards finding natural antioxidants of plant origin. FTIR spectroscopy is used to develop a rapid and effective analytical method for studying the main constituents in medicinal plants. The chemical constituents in the plants were identified and monitored for their medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities and FTIR spectroscopic analysis of the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides.@*METHOD@#Free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of E. alsinoides was evaluated by in vitro methods, including total antioxidant assay (FRAP method) and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity using ascorbic acid as a standard. The degree of lipid peroxidation was examined by estimating the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) using standard methods and the functional groups were analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. The IR spectrum in the mid-infrared region 4 000-400 cm(-1) was used for discriminatio and to identify various functional groups present in E. alsinoides.@*RESULTS@#The findings indicated the presence of amino acids, amides, amines, carboxylic acids, carbonyl compounds, organic hydrocarbons, and halogens in the ethanolic extract of E. alsinoides, and the antioxidant activities were significantly increased, when compared with the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid, in a dose-dependent manner.@*CONCLUSION@#The findings indicated promising antioxidant activity of the crude extract of E. alsinoides, and needs further exploration for their potential effective use.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants , Convolvulaceae , Chemistry , Ethanol , Free Radical Scavengers , Plant Extracts , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraredABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to investigate the invivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract Premna corymbosa (Rottl.) root against streptozotocin induced oxidative stress in different organs (liver, kidney, brain, heart and pancreas) of rats. Ethanolic extract of P.corymbosa (Rottl.) root was administered orally (200 mg/kg body weight) and the effect of extract on enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), non enzymatic like vitamin C, vitamin E and glutathione. Lipid peroxidation like basal, ascorbate and peroxide induced lipid peroxidation were also estimated. Glibenclamide was used as standard reference drug. A significant increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-Stransferase and reduced glutathione were observed in different organs of diabetic rats on treatment with 200 mg/kg body weight of P.corymbosa (Rottl.) root extract and glibenclamide for 30 days treatment. Both the treated groups showed significant decrease in lipid peroxidation, suggesting its role in protection against lipid peroxidation induced membrane damage. P.corymbosa (Rottl.) possesses antioxidant potential which may be used for therapeutic purposes mainly in the prevention of oxidative damage that occur during diabetes.
ABSTRACT
A prospective study of 11 cases of Clistanthus collinus leaf poisoning was undertaken to evaluate the mechanism of hypokalaemia that occurs in these cases. Continuous cardiac monitoring was done. Ventricular ectopics, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation were the important arrhythmias. No atrioventricular blocks or other significant bradyarrhythmias were noted. The renal potassium loss was found to be very high (120 +/- 87.95 mEq/L) even in the presence of hypokalaemia and in spite of continuing drop in serum potassium concentration. Metabolic study established that renal potassium leak is the mechanism by which hypokalaemia was mediated.