ABSTRACT
From the perspective of cybernetics， this study investigated the fundamental principles of empirical thinking in traditional Chinese medicine， encompassing six stages： experience input and storage， experience extraction and activation， experience combination and reconstruction， judgment and decision-making based on experience， and experience evaluation and feedback. The potential limitations of empirical thinking in clinical applications were analyzed， mainly manifested as “individuality”， “superficiality”， “conservatism”， “prioritizing commonality over individuality”， and “cognitive inertia”. To overcome these limitations， this paper also explored strategies and methods for clinical error-correction from four points： the integration of rational and empirical thinking， the reinforcement of feedback mechanisms and transcendent correction， the integration of individualization and quantity-quality balance， and the management and transference of tacit knowledge under empirical thinking.
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ABSTRACT Persea americana Mill., Lauraceae, commonly known as the avocado, is native to tropical and subtropical regions, including Brazil. From the leaves of P. americana, one previously undescribed flavonol glycoside (1) together with ten known flavonoids (2-11), four megastigmane glycosides (12-15) and two lignans (16-17) were isolated. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D- and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry data. This is the first investigation that reports megastigmane glycoside and lignan classes within the genus Persea. All the isolated compounds have been assessed through the cell survival of larval zebrafish following neomycin-induced damage and the cell viability of a House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 mouse auditory cell line. Among the tested compounds, juglanin (2) and (+)-lyoniresinol (16) showed significant cell regeneration in neomycin-damaged hair cell without cellular toxicity.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore synergic effect of treatment of the second branchial fistula with endoscopic resection.@*METHOD@#All patients of the second branchial fistula were scanned in neck with CT (computed tomography), we injected ioversol-320 from the entrance of the second branchial fistula in front of sternocleidomastiod into the second branchial fistula, then scanned the neck with CT (computed tomography), and rebuilding the picture of the second branchial fistula, to prepare for the operation. 9 patients of the second branchial fistula were operated under general anesthesia with endoscopic resection.@*RESULT@#All of 9 patients were cured. no one recurred after follow-up of 6 months.@*CONCLUSION@#It is minimally invasive and complete to resect the second branchial with endoscopic resection, the operation is simply and easy to promote.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Anesthesia, General , Branchioma , Diagnostic Imaging , General Surgery , Endoscopy , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Diagnostic Imaging , General Surgery , Neck , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore synergic effect of Alprostadil injection and ginaton in treating sudden deafness.@*METHOD@#ninety one patients with sudden deafness were divided into group A, group B and group C at random; 33 ears of group A were treated with 70 mg ginaton by vein, 30 ears of group B were treated with 10 microg Alprostadil injection by vein, 31 ears of group C were treated with 10 microg Alprostadil injection and ginaton by vein,once a day, the time of treatment is 14 days.@*RESULT@#the effective rate of group A is 60.61%, the effective rate of group B is 60.00%, the effective rate of group C is 87.09% the treating effect was significantly different in the group A and C (P < 0.05), it was significantly different in the group B and C (P < 0.05)).@*CONCLUSION@#It is effective for Alprostadil injection and ginaton to treat sudden deafness, and it has significantly Synergic effect in treating sudden deafness with Alprostadil injection and ginaton.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Alprostadil , Therapeutic Uses , Drug Therapy, Combination , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Hearing Loss, Sudden , Drug TherapyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reveal the relationship between the storage time of the bark of Magnolia officinalis and the content of phenols in it, and lay a theoretical foundation for the harvest, processing, management and storage.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of magnolol and honokoiol in 15 bark samples, collected from the main producing areas in China, were determined in the time of freshly harvest and 3 and 10 years after respectively by HPLC method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>It showed that within a certain period of time, bark storage was favorable to conversion and accumulation of phenols, that the content of magnolol tended to increase from year 0 to year 3, then followed by slight decrease with years on account of volatilization of phenols, but was still higher when the bark was stored for 10 years than that that when the bark was freshly harvested, and the content of honokoiol still tended to increase when the bark had been stored for 10 years.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The phenols in bark of M. officinalis is quite stable and the bark can be stored for 10 years or longer.</p>