ABSTRACT
Introduction: The Global Burden of diabetes has shown a asignificant rise in recent years as estimated by the InternationalDiabetes Federation (IDF). Study aimed to assess the ocularsurface disorders in type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients.Material and methods: In an observational cross sectionalstudy, standardized enrolment criteria were employed, and182 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were selected withduration of diabetes more than 5 years of age. Standardizedmethods were used to evaluate the Ocular surface damage andDry eye disease. Clinical tests such as Schirmer’s Test, TearFilm breakup Time(TBUT), Tear Meniscus Height Test, BlinkRate Fluorescein staining and Lissamine green Staining wereused to diagnose the Dry eye and Ocular surface disorders.Results: Abnormal Tear film Breakup time was seen in51% patients, Abnormal Schirmer’s test were observed in61% patients, Abnormal Tear Meniscus height was seenin 45.6% patients. 45.6% patients were diagnosed top haveDry eye disease, and had a positive co-relation with Durationof Diabetes(P=0.01), Diabetic Control(P=0.002) and withDiabetic Retinopathy(P=0.031).Conclusion: Ocular Surface disorders and dry eye are seenin 45% of patients and are related to factors such as Age ofDiabetes and Glycaemic Control of Diabetes
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Myopia is a form of refractive error whichis a leading cause of visual disability throughout the world.The purpose of this study was to determine the variations inocular biometric parameters in various degrees of myopia i.e.low myopia (<-3D), moderate myopia (-3D to -6D) and highmyopia (>-6D).Method and Materials: 200 eyes of 100 myopia patientswere examined. Keratometer and A-scan was done to measurethe corneal curvature and other biometric parameters like axiallength, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and vitreousdepth respectively. Comparison of ocular components withage, gender and family history was done. One way ANOVAwas done to compare biometric parameters with refractivestates.Results: In our study, axial length(AL) (P=0.001), axial lengthto corneal curvature ratio(AL:CRC) (P=<0.001), anteriorchamber depth(ACD) (P=<0.001) and vitreous depth(VD)(P=<0.001) were statically significant as compared to cornealcurvature(CC) (P=0.56) and lens thickness (P=0.64) whichwere statically insignificant.Conclusion: AL:CRC and AL had more effect on highmyopia group as compared to corneal curvature. AL:CRCratio was a better index for categorizing the refractive statusof an individual as compared to axial length alone. This ratiocan be considered at a cutoff point to categorise myopia intodegenerative myopia.